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direct evidence of microbiological water quality changes on bacterial quantity and community caused by plumbing system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第6期34卷 175-183页

作者： Jun Li Anran Ren Ed van der mark Gang Liu Key Laboratory of drinking Water Science and Technology Research Centre for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China dunea Water Company Plaza of the United Nations 11-15Zoetermeer 2700 ATthe Netherlands Sanitary engineering Department of Water managementFaculty of Civil Engineering and GeosciencesDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2600 GAthe Netherlands

drinking water quality deteriorates from treatment plant to customer taps, especially in the plumbing system. There is no direct evidence about what the differences are contributed by plumbing system. This study compared the water quality in the water main and at customer tap by preparing a sampling tap on the water main. The biomass was quantified by adenosine triphosphate(ATP) and the microbial community was profiled by 454 *** results showed that in distribution pipes, biofilm contributed >94% of the total biomass,while loose deposits showed little contribution(deposits. The distribution of biological stable water had minor effects on the microbiocidal water quality regarding both quantity(ATP 1 ng/L vs. 1.7 ng/L) and community of the bacteria. Whereas the plumbing system has significant contribution to the increase of active biomass(1.7 ng/L vs. 2.9 ng/L) and the changes of bacterial community. The relative abundance of Sphingomonas spp. at tap(22%) was higher than that at water main(2%), while the relative abundance of Pseudomonas spp. in tap water(15%) was lower than that in the water from street water main(29%). Though only one location was prepared and studied, the present study showed that the protocol of making sampling tap on water main offered directly evidences about the impacts of plumbing system on tap water quality, which makes it possible to distinguish and study the processes in distribution system and plumbing system separately.

关键词： drinking water distribution system Plumbing system Microbiological water quality Sampling program 454 pyrosequencing

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Shape Control of doped Semiconductor Nanocrystals (d-dots)

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Nano Research 2008年第2期1卷 138-144页

作者： Ranjani Viswanatha david M.Battaglia mark E.Curtis Tetsuya d.Mishima Matthew B.Johnson Xiaogang Peng department of Chemistry&Biochemistry University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA NN-Labs LLC FayettevilleAR 72703USA Joint MRSEC at the University of Oklahoma and the University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR 72701USA Homer L.dodge department of Physics and Astronomy University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA

Formation of Mn2+-doped ZnSe quantum dots(Mn:ZnSe d-dots)with both branched and nearly spherical shapes has been *** analysis indicates that the Mn2+dopants were localized in the core of a branched *** growth of branched d-dots,rather than spherical ones,was achieved by simply varying the concentration of two organic additives,fatty acids,and fatty *** photoluminescence properties of the branched nanocrystals were explored and compared with those of the nearly spherical particles.

关键词： doped quantum dot(d-dot) shape control photoluminescence

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EXPRESSION OF BCRP GENE IN THE NORMAL LUNG TISSUE ANd LUNG CANCER

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2001年第1期13卷 22-26页

作者：毛友生 Austin doyle Weidong Yang Yuetong Wei mark J. Krasna douglas d. Ross Greenebaum Cancer Center University of Maryland Medical School

Objective: To investigate the expression of novel multidrug resistance transporter (BCRP gene) from human MCF-7/AdrVp breast cancer cells in normal lung tissue and non-small lung cancer tissue. Methods: RNA was extracted immediately from fresh normal lung tissue and viable tumor tissue harvested from surgically resected specimens of non-small cell lung cancer patients. cdNA of BCRP gene was prepared by RT-PCR and was then amplified by PCR. cdNA products from those specimens were transferred to blotting membrane through electrophoresis and transferring technique and southern blot hybridization was eventually performed to detect the expression of BCRP gene. Results: RNA were extracted from 8 tumor tissue alone and 12 pairs of tumor tissue and normal lung tissue harvested from the same lung. Four patients’ RNA samples with poor quality due to degrading were discarded. cdNA products of BCRP gene were obtained by RT-PCR and were then amplified by PCR in the remain 16 patients’ RNA samples. Through southern blot hybridization, BCRP gene was found to be slightly expressed in various amounts in all normal lung tissue (10/10) and only in a half of tumor tissue samples (8/16). Conclusion: BCRP gene is slightly expressed in different amount in all normal lung tissue and only in a half of tumor tissue of non-small cell lung cancer patients. It is possible to induce it’s overexpression and to develop multidrug resistance during chemotherapy if using anthracycline anticancer drugs.

关键词： Multidrug resistance BCRP gene Non-small cell lung cancer Chemotherapy

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Estimating the population density of the Asian tapir (Tapirus indicus) in a selectively logged forest in Peninsular Malaysia

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第4期7卷 373-380页

作者： d.mark RAYAN Shariff Wan MOHAMAd Leejiah dORWARd Sheema Abdul AZIZ Gopalasamy Reuben CLEMENTS Wong Chai Thiam CHRISTOPHER Carl TRAEHOLT david MAGINTAN WWF Malaysia SelangorMalaysia durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology(dICE) University of KentCanterburyUK School of Environmental Science University of East AngliaNorwichNorfolkUK School of Marine and Tropical Biology James Cook UniversityCairnsQueenslandAustralia Center for Malaysian Indigenous Studies University of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia Copenhagen Zoo CopenhagenDenmark department of Wildlife and National Parks Kuala LumpurMalaysia

The endangered Asian tapir(Tapirus indicus)is threatened by large-scale habitat loss,forest fragmentation and increased hunting *** planning for this species,however,is hampered by a severe paucity of information on its ecology and population *** present the first Asian tapir population density estimate from a camera trapping study targeting tigers in a selectively logged forest within Peninsular Malaysia using a spatially explicit capture-recapture maximum likelihood based *** a trap effort of 2496 nights,17 individuals were identified corresponding to a density(standard error)estimate of 9.49(2.55)adult ta-pirs/100 *** our results include several caveats,we believe that our density estimate still serves as an important baseline to facilitate the monitoring of tapir population trends in Peninsular *** study also highlights the potential of extracting vital ecological and population information for other cryptic individual-ly identifiable animals from tiger-centric studies,especially with the use of a spatially explicit capture-recapture maximum likelihood based framework.

关键词： abundance camera trap large mammals maximum likelihood based framework Southeast Asia spatially explicit capture recapture(SECR)

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Calcium phosphate cements for bone engineering and their biological properties

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Bone Research 2017年第4期5卷 286-304页

作者： Hockin HK Xu Ping Wang Lin Wang Chongyun Bao Qianming Chen Michael d Weir Laurence C Chow Liang Zhao Xuedong Zhou mark A Reynolds department of Endodontics Periodontics and ProsthodonticsUniversity of Maryland School of DentistryBaltimoreMD 21201USA Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21201USA University of Maryland Mariene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21201USA Mechanical Engineering department University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMD 21250USA State Key Laboratory of Oral diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China VIP Integrated department Stomatological Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130011China Volpe Research Center American Dental Association FoundationNational Institute of Standards&TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA department of Orthopaedic Surgery Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China

Calcium phosphate cements （CPCs） are frequently used to repair bone defects. Since their discovery in the 1980s, extensive research has been conducted to improve their properties, and emerging evidence supports their increased application in bone tissue engineering. Much effort has been made to enhance the biological performance of CPCs, including their biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, biodegradability, bioactivity, and interactions with cells. This review article focuses on the major recent developments in CPCs, including 3d printing, injectability, stem cell delivery, growth factor and drug delivery, and pre- vascularization of CPC scaffolds via co-culture and tri-culture techniques to enhance angiogenesis and osteogenesis.

关键词： CPC BMSCs Calcium phosphate cements for bone engineering and their biological properties

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Yttrium-90 microsphere selective internal radiation therapy for liver metastases following systemic chemotherapy and surgical resection for metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2018年第1期9卷 20-25页

作者： Mina S Makary Lawrence S Krishner Evan J Wuthrick mark P Bloomston Joshua d dowell division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department of Radiology the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center department of Radiation Oncology the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery and James Cancer Hospital and Richard Solove Research Institute the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center

Adrenocortical carcinoma(ACC)is a rare malignancy with generally poor outcomes and limited treatment *** surgical resection can be curative for early local disease,most patients present with advanced ACC owing to nonspecific *** those patients,treatment options include systemic chemotherapy and locoregional therapies including radiofrequency ablation and transarterial *** present the first reported case of utilizing yttrium-90 microsphere selective internal radiation therapy(SIRT)in combination with first line EdP-M(Etoposide,doxorubicin,Cisplatin,Mitotane)chemotherapy and debulking surgical primary tumor resection for treatment of metastatic *** complete radiologic response has been maintained after twelve months with resolution of clinical *** findings prompt the need for further consideration and studies to elucidate the role of SIRT in combination with systemic and surgical treatment for metastatic ACC.

关键词： Adrenocortical carcinoma Hepatic metastases Radioembolization Yttrium-90

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High-dose biotin neither fosters remyelination nor stimulates malonyl coenzyme A synthesis in the regenerating nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1623-1624页

作者： Fabian Szepanowski Rebecca d.Steubing Cansu Güngör Jaqueline Zipfel Anne K.Mausberg Christoph Kleinschnitz mark Stettner department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro-and Behavioral Sciences(C-TNBS) University Medicine EssenUniversity Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany

dear editor,dysregulated inflammatory responses primarily account for damage to the central nervous system,however,neurodegenerative processes likely contribute to the pathophysiology of progressive forms of multiple sclerosis(MS).These pathophysiological aspects include axonal energy depletion and impaired remyelination capacity(Levin et al.,2014).The clinical efficacy of most disease-modifying therapies in MS to date has been achieved by targeting functions of the adaptive immune system(Cree et al.,2019;Szepanowski et al.,2021).

关键词： system synthesis neither

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Temporal evolution of contacts and communities in networks of face-to-face human interactions

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2014年第3期57卷 29-45页

作者： mark KIBANOV Martin ATZMUELLER Christoph SCHOLZ Gerd STUMME Knowledge and data Engineering Group University of KasselWilhelmshher Allee 73Kassel D-34121Germany

Temporal dynamics of social interaction networks as well as the analysis of communities are key aspects to gain a better understanding of the involved processes,important influence factors,their efects,and their structural *** this article,we analyze temporal dynamics of contacts and the evolution of communities in networks of face-to-face *** our application context,we consider four scientific *** a structural level,we focus on static and dynamic properties of the contact ***,we analyze the resulting community structure using state-of-the-art automatic community detection ***,we analyze the evolution of contacts and communities over time to consider the stability of the respective ***,we assess diferent factors which have an influence on the quality of community ***,we provide first important insights into the evolution of contacts and communities in face-to-face contact networks.

关键词： social network analysis community detection face-to-face contact networks temporal networks community stability

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Liver immunology and its role in inflammation and homeostasis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第3期13卷 267-276页

作者： mark W Robinson Cathal Harmon Cliona O'Farrelly School of Biochemistry and Immunology Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute Trinity College Dublin Dublin D2 Ireland School of Medicine TrinityBiomedical Sciences Institute Trinity College Dublin Dublin D2 Ireland

The human liver is usually perceived as a non-immunological organ engaged primarily in metabolic, nutrient storage and detoxification activities. However, we now know that the healthy liver is also a site of complex immunological activity mediated by a diverse immune cell repertoire as well as non-hematopoietic cell populations. In the nondiseased liver, metabolic and tissue remodeling functions require elements of inflammation. This inflammation, in combination with regular exposure to dietary and microbial products, creates the potential for excessive immune activation. In this complex microenvironment, the hepatic immune system tolerates harmless molecules while at the same time remaining alert to possible infectious agents, malignant cells or tissue damage. Upon appropriate immune activation to challenge by pathogens or tissue damage, mechanisms to resolve inflammation are essential to maintain liver homeostasis. Failure to clear ＇dangerous＇ stimuli or regulate appropriately activated immune mechanisms leads to pathological inflammation and disrupted tissue homeostasis characterized by the progressive development of fibrosis, cirrhosis and eventual liver failure. Hepatic inflammatory mechanisms therefore have a spectrum of roles in the healthy adult liver; they are essential to maintain tissue and organ homeostasis and, when dysregulated, are key drivers of the liver pathology associated with chronic infection, autoimmunity and malignancy. In this review, we explore the changing perception of inflammation and inflammatory mediators in normal liver homeostasis and propose targeting of liver-specific immune regulation pathways as a therapeutic approach to treat liver disease.

关键词： homeostasis immunology inflammation liver tolerance

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Three-dimensional Sub-100 nm Super-Resolution Imaging of Biological Samples Using a Phase Ramp in the Objective Pupil

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Nano Research 2011年第6期4卷 589-598页

作者： david Baddeley mark B. Cannell Christian Soeller department of Physiology University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand

Localisation microscopy overcomes the diffraction limit by measuring the position of individual molecules to obtain optical images with a lateral resolution better than 30 nm. Single molecule localisation microscopy was originally demonstrated only in two dimensions but has recently been extended to three dimensions. Here we develop a new approach to three-dimensional （3d） localisation microscopy by engineering of the point-spread function （PSF） of a fluorescence microscope. By introducing a linear phase gradient between the two halves of the objective pupil plane the PSF is split into two lateral lobes whose relative position depends on defocus. Calculations suggested that the phase gradient resulting from the very small tolerances in parallelism of conventional slides made from float glass would be sufficient to generate a two-lobed PSF. We demonstrate that insertion of a suitably chosen microscope slide that occupies half the objective aperture combined with a novel fast fitting algorithm for 3d localisation estimation allows nanoscopic imaging with detail resolution well below 100 nm in all three dimensions （standard deviations of 20, 16, and 42 nm in x, y, and z directions, respectively）. The utility of the approach is shown by imaging the complex 3d distribution of microtubules in cardiac muscle cells that were stained with conventional near infrared fluorochromes. The straightforward optical setup, minimal hardware requirements and large axial localisation range make this approach suitable for many nanoscopic imaging applications.

关键词： Single molecules nanoscopy point-spread function engineering immunocytochemistry localisation microscopy

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