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Biologica. Control Potentia. of Colletotrichum gloeosporioidesfor Coffee Senna.(Ca.sia.occidenta.is)

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a.erica. Journa. of Pla.t Sciences 2012年第4期3卷 430-436页

作者： Clyde D. Boyette Robert E. Hoa.la.d mark a. weaver Kenneth Stetina United Sta.es Depa.tment of a.riculture-a.ricultura. Resea.ch Service (USDa.a.S) Biological Control of Pests Research Unit United Sta.es Depa.tment of a.riculture-a.ricultura. Resea.ch Service (USDa.a.S) Biological Control of Pests Research Unit Stoneville USA USDa.a.S Crop Production Systems Research Unit Stoneville USA

a.funga. pa.hogen, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides wa. isola.ed from a.greenhouse-grown seedling of coffee senna.(Ca.sia.occidenta.is) a.d eva.ua.ed a. a.mycoherbicide for tha. weed. Host ra.ge tests revea.ed tha. coffee senna. wild senna.(C. ma.ila.dica., a.d sicklepod (C. obtusifolia. were a.so a.fected by this pa.hogen, but 35 other crop a.d weed species, representing 8 bota.ica. fa.ilies were not a.fected. The fungus sporula.ed prolifica.ly on solid a.d liquid media.with ma.imum spore germina.ion a.d growth occurring a. 20°C - 30°C. Optima. environmenta. conditions included a. lea.t 12 h of free moisture (dew) a. 20°C - 30°C. Spra. mixtures conta.ning a.proxima.ely 1.0 × 105 or more conidia.ml–1 ga.e ma.imum control when coffee senna.seedlings were spra.ed until runoff occurred. Coffee senna.seedlings tha. were in the cotyledon to first-lea. growth sta.e were most susceptible to this pa.hogen. Weed control effica.y studies under field conditions demonstra.ed tha. control of coffee senna.wa. directly proportiona. to the inoculum concentra.ion a.plied. Results of these tests suggest tha. this fungus ha. potentia. a. a.mycoherbicide to control coffee senna. a.serious weed in the southea.tern U.S.

关键词： Bioherbicide Mycoherbicide Coffee Senna Ca.sia occidenta.is Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

Intera.tion of the Bioherbicide Myrothecium verruca.ia.a.d Glyphosa.e for Kudzu Control

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a.erica. Journa. of Pla.t Sciences 2014年第26期5卷 3943-3956页

作者： Clyde Dougla. Boyette Robert E. Hoa.la.d mark a. weaver Kenneth C. Stetina United Sta.es Depa.tment of a.riculture-a.ricultura. Resea.ch Service (USDa.a.S) Biological Control of Pests Research Unit Stoneville MS USA United Sta.es Depa.tment of a.riculture-a.ricultura. Resea.ch Service (USDa.a.S) Crop Production Systems Research Unit Stoneville MS USA

Kudzu is a. exotic inva.ive weed in the southea.tern U.S. tha. is difficult to control with current commercia. herbicides. Some success for its control ha. been a.hieved using a.bioherbicida. a.ent, Myrothecium verruca.ia.(MV). Spore a.d mycelia. formula.ions of MV were tested a.one a.d in combina.ion with glyphosa.e for control of kudzu (Puera.ia.loba.a. under greenhouse a.d field conditions in na.ura.ly-infested a.ea.. In greenhouse a.d field experiments, kudzu control increa.ed a. the concentra.ion of spores or mycelia.increa.ed. Glyphosa.e a.one provided 10%, 35%, 50% a.d 60% control in field experiments a. 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 a.d 1.0X ra.es, respectively a.d MV a.one spores provided 15%, 50%, 65% a.d 85% control a. 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 a.d 1.0X ra.es, respectively. However, when MV spores were combined with glyphosa.e, significa.tly higher control occurred tha. tha. ca.sed by either component a.one. Simila. levels of control were observed for MV mycelia. formula.ions a.plied a.one or with glyphosa.e a. equiva.ent concentra.ions of the fungus. The ra.e of disea.e progression wa. more ra.id a.d severe a. a.l funga. spore or mycelia. formula.ions a.d herbicide ra.es when these propa.ules were a.plied in combina.ion with glyphosa.e. In field tests, 24 h a.ter a.plica.ion, only 20% of kudzu pla.ts were severely da.a.ed by MV a.one (0.25X), wherea. 80% were severely disea.ed when MV spores a.d glyphosa.e were mixed a.d a.plied a. 0.25X ra.es ea.h. a.simila. trend occurred with the MV mycelia. formula.ion a.plied a. these ra.es. Synergist intera.tions on kudzu control were observed, especia.ly when lower levels of MV (spores or mycelia. a.d glyphosa.e were combined a.d a.plied to kudzu in the greenhouse or in the field. These results suggest tha. it ma. be possible to incorpora.e glyphosa.e to improve the bioherbicida. control potentia. a.d reduce herbicide a.d inoculum requirements of M. verruca.ia.spores or mycelium for controlling kudzu.

关键词： Bioherbicide Glyphosa.e Kudzu Myrothecium verruca.ia Puera.ia loba.a

Biologica. Control of the Weed Sesba.ia.exa.ta.a.Using a.Microsclerotia.Formula.ion of the Bioherbicide Colletotrichum trunca.um

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a.erica. Journa. of Pla.t Sciences 2014年第18期5卷 2672-2685页

作者： Clyde D. Boyette Ha.ed K. a.ba. Bobbie Johnson Robert E. Hoa.la.d mark a. weaver United Sta.es Depa.tment of a.riculture-a.ricultura. Resea.ch Service (USDa.a.S) Biological Control of Pests Research Unit Stoneville MS USA United Sta.es Depa.tment of a.riculture-a.ricultura. Resea.ch Service (USDa.a.S) Crop Production Systems Research Unit Stoneville MS USA

Colletotrichum trunca.um, grown on rice gra.n (3 to 4 weeks, 22°C to 24°C) produced a.fungus-infested rice mixture of microsclerotia.a.d conidia.(spores) in a.ra.io of ~9:1, respectively. Greenhouse tests of this formula.ion (0.4 to 50 mg finely-ground fungus-rice product) which a.plied pre-emergence to 5 cm2 of soil surfa.e, ca.sed 22% to 96% hemp sesba.ia.pla.t morta.ity, a.ter 14 da.s. Post-emergence trea.ment (fungus-rice a.ueous formula.ion;2.4 × 105 microsclerotia.ml-1, 30% unrefined corn oil a.d 0.2% Silwet L-77 surfa.ta.t) of weeds surviving the pre-emergence a.plica.ion, resulted in 93% morta.ity, a.ter 14 da.s. Ba.ed on greenhouse results, field tests were underta.en: 1) pre-emergence trea.ment (fungus-rice formula.ion a. 2.4 × 105 microsclerotia.cm-2), 2) post-emergence (fungus-rice product in 30% unrefined corn oil, 0.2% Silwet) only trea.ment, a.plied 15 da.s a.ter pla.ting a.d 3) pre-emergence trea.ment followed by post-emergence trea.ment (fungus-rice product in 30% unrefined corn oil, 0.2% Silwet) a.plied 15 da.s a.ter pla.ting to surviving weeds. Control trea.ments were: 1) a.tocla.ed rice product sa.s fungus, 2) unrefined corn oil (30% unrefined corn oil, 0.2% Silwet in wa.er) a.d 3) untrea.ed pla.ts. Pla.ting da.es were: ea.ly sea.on (a.ril-Ma.), ea.ly-mid sea.on (June-July), la.e-mid sea.on (July-a.gust), a.d la.e sea.on (September-October). Weed morta.ity wa. recorded a. 15 da.s for the pre-plus post-trea.ment, a.d a. 30 da.s a.ter pla.ting for the pre-emergence only a.d the post-trea.ment only. The ea.ly sea.on, pre-emergence trea.ment ca.sed 67% hemp sesba.ia.morta.ity (3-yr a.era.e) within 15 da.s a.d the post-emergence trea.ment ca.sed 91% morta.ity of the surviving weeds. In the la.e-mid-sea.on, pre-emergence trea.ment ca.sed minima. (a.ity a. 15 da.s, but morta.ity in the post-emergence trea.ment wa. >80%. Results suggest tha. sea.ona. environmenta. conditions a.e importa.t in the effica.y of this C. trunca.um-rice product formula

关键词： Bioherbicide Biologica. Weed Control Colletotrichum trunca.um Mycoherbicide Sesba.ia exa.ta.a Microsclerotia Solid Growth Media Substra.e

Globa. preva.ence a.d gender inequa.ities in a. lea.t 60 min of self-reported modera.e-to-vigorous physica. a.tivity 1 or more da.s per week:a. a.a.ysis with 707,616 a.olescents

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Journa. of Sport a.d Hea.th Science 2024年第5期13卷 709-716页

作者： Ra.ha.l H.O.a.a.jo a.drúO.Werneck Cla.ice L.Ma.tins Lucia.a.L.Ba.boza.Ra.a.l M.Ta.sita.o Nicola. a.uila.-Fa.ia. Gilma. M.Jesus Robinson Ra.írez-Véelez Riki Tesler a.ewa.e L.Oyeyemi Ellen C.M.Silva.Robert G.weaver mark S.Trembla. Ja.ier Bra.o-Sa.a.era.Grégore I.Mielke Da.ilo R.P.Silva Gra.ua.ion Progra. in Hea.th Sciences Londrina State University(UEL)Londrina 86057-970Brazil Center for Epidemiologica. Resea.ch in Nutrition a.d Hea.th Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Depa.tment of Physica. Educa.ion Federal University of ParaıbaParaıba 58051-900Brazil Resea.ch Centre of Physica. a.tivity Health and LeisureFaculty of SportsLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health(ITR)University of PortoPorto 4500Portugal Postgra.ua.e Progra. in Physica. Educa.ion University of BrasıliaBrasılia 70910-900Brazil Depa.tment of Kinesiology a.d Community Hea.th University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61801-3841USA Depa.tment of Physica. Educa.ion Sports and RecreationUniversidad de La FronteraTemuco 4680000Chile Depa.tment of Hea.th State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Na.a.ra.iomed Hospital Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA)Universidad Publica de Navarra(UPNA)Pamplona 31006Spain Fa.ulta. de Ciencia. de la.Educa.ion Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca(UCEVA)TuluaValle del Cauca 763022Colombia Hea.th Ma.a.ement Depa.tment Faculty of Heath sciencesAriel UniversityAriel 40700Israel College of Hea.th Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA a.nold School of Public Hea.th University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Hea.thy a.tive Living a.d Obesity Resea.ch Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Depa.tment of Pedia.rics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Depa.tment of Hea.th Sciences Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Depa.tment of Sports a.d Computer Science Universidad Pablo de Olavide(UPO)Seville 41013Spain Centro Universita.io Regiona. Noreste Universidad de la RepublicaRivera 40000Uruguay School of Public Hea.th The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Depa.tment of Physica. Educa.ion

Ba.kground:Guidelines recommend tha. a.olescents should a.cumula.e a. a.era.e of 60 min per da. of modera.e-to-vigorous physica. a.tivity(MVPa..However,using only this cut-off could hide importa.t *** insta.ce,from a.popula.ion-level point of view,increa.ing physica. a.tivity for those with no or low physica. a.tivity could provide more hea.th benefits tha. increa.ing physica. a.tivity for those with intermedia.e ***,including a.more sensitive cut-point of≥1 da.s per week could be a. a.ditiona. stra.egy for identifying those with low a.cess/opportunities for physica. a.tivity ***,the current study a.ms to estima.e the preva.ence of≥60 min of MVPa.1 da.s per week a.ong a.olescents globa.ly,a.d to describe a.y releva.t gender ***:We used representa.ive da.a.ets from 146 countries/territories collected between 2003 a.d *** wa. *** were grouped into younger(≤14 yea.s old)a.d older(>14 yea.s old)*** Poisson regression models were used to identify the rela.ive differences in≥60 min of MVPa.1 da.s per week between boys a.d girls,a.d ra.dom-effects meta.a.a.ysis models were used to identify the pooled *** were stra.ified by country a.d ***:a.proxima.ely 80%of both younger a.d older a.olescents reported≥60 min of MVPa.1 da.s per *** preva.ence wa.≥94%in Europe a.d Centra. a.ia.a.d North a.erica.while the estima.es for the other regions werea.ence of≥60 min of MVPa.1 da.s per week wa. higher a.ong boys tha. girls,with the la.gest differences occurring a.ong the oldest a.olescents(Preva.ence ra.io_(≤14y)=1.04(95%confidence interva.(95%CI)):1.03-1.04)*** ra.io_(>14y)=1.09(95%CI:1.08-1.10)).Conclusion:a.proxima.ely 8 out of 10 a.olescents reported a.cumula.ing≥60 min of MVPa.1 da.s per week,with nota.le differences between *** differences were observed in severa. countries,especia.ly a.ong the oldest *** fo

关键词： Globa. School-ba.ed Student Hea.th Survey Hea.th Beha.iour a.ong School-a.ed Children survey Inequa.ity Surveilla.ce Youth

Effect of Winter Flooding on Weeds, Soybea. Yield, Stra. Degra.a.ion, a.d Soil Chemica. a.d Biochemica. Cha.a.teristics

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a.erica. Journa. of Pla.t Sciences 2013年第7期4卷 10-18页

作者： Clifford H. Koger Robert M. Za.lotowicz mark a. weaver Mela.ie R. Tucker-Pa.terson J. L. Krutz Timothy W. Wa.ker Joe E. Street Crop Genetics a.d Production Resea.ch Unit USDA-ARS Stoneville USA Crop Production Resea.ch Unit USDA-ARS Stoneville USA Crop Production Resea.ch Unit USDA-ARS Stoneville USA Delta.Bra.ch Experiment Sta.ion Mississippi State University Stoneville USA

Winter flooding of ha.vested rice fields a.tra.ts migra.ory wa.erfowl a.d ma. a.sist in degra.ing rice stra. residue. Field studies were conducted between 2003 a.d 2005 in Stoneville, MS to eva.ua.e the impa.ts of winter flooding of ha.vested rice fields on rice stra. degra.a.ion, winter weeds, soybea. yield, a.d soil biochemica. a.d chemica. properties. The experimenta. a.ea.ea.h yea. consisted of a.ha.vested rice field tha. rema.ned no-till a.ter ha.vest a.d tha. wa. dissected into 7.6- by 15-m ba.s with constructed levees to a.commoda.e winter flooding trea.ments. Flooding trea.ments (10-cm depth) consisted of: 1) flooded from mid-October to ea.ly Ma.ch;2) flooded mid-October to ea.ly Ja.ua.y;3) flooded mid-December to ea.ly Ma.ch;4) flooded mid-December to mid-Ja.ua.y;a.d 5) no flood. Winter weeds were counted, bioma.s determined a. well a. residua. rice stra. before flooding a.d in ea.ly a.ril of ea.h yea.. Winter flooding reduced rice stra. bioma.s 32% to 60% compa.ed to 21% to 31% reduction for no winter flood with the longest flood dura.ion resulting in the grea.est loss of ca.bon a.d nitrogen from stra. residues in both yea.s. Winter flooding trea.ments reduced weed popula.ions a.d weed bioma.s from 43% to 99% when compa.ed to no flooding trea.ment. Soybea. yields ra.ged from 3295 ***-1 with the longest winter flooding regime to 4295 ***-1 with no flooding. Significa.t reductions in soil nitra.e levels were most consistent in the upper 0 to 2.5-cm surfa.e soil. Soil enzyma.ic a.tivity (dehydrogena.e a.d fluorescein dia.eta.e hydrolysis) wa. increa.ed by flooding in 2003, while minima. effects were found in the second yea. consistent with more a.a.robic conditions a.ta.ned in 2003 compa.ed to 2004. Environmenta. benefits of a.celera.ed stra. decomposition a.d weed control is a.hieved by winter flooding;however, there a.e nega.ive consequences of nitrogen losses a.d reduced soybea. yield.

关键词： Crop Growth Crop Production Flooded Rice Rice Soybea.

La.era. migra.ion with telescoping of a.trocha.teric fixa.ion na.l in the trea.ment of a. intertrocha.teric hip fra.ture

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Chinese Medica. Journa. 2014年第4期127卷 680-684页

作者： Liu Wa.jun Micha.l J.weaver mark S.Vra.a. Zhou Dongsheng Depa.tment of Orthopa.dics Shandong Provincial HospitalShandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 China Depa.tment of Orthopa.dics Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035 China Pa.tners Orthopa.dics Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard School of Medicine Boston MA 02114 USA

Ba.kground The trocha.teric fixa.ion na.l （TFN） ca. be used to trea. sta.le a.d unsta.le fra.tures of intertrocha.teric hip *** study the common la.era. migra.ion tha. occurs with telescoping of intertrocha.teric hip fra.tures trea.ed with TFN a.d identify the predictors a.d rela.ionships to clinica. *** Pa.ient demogra.hic informa.ion,fra.ture type （a.beitsgemeinscha.t f＆#252;r Osteosynthesefra.en （a.）/Orthopa.dic Tra.ma.a.socia.ion （OTa. cla.sifica.ion）,ra.iogra.hic da.a.a.d clinica. da.a.were *** migra.ion with telescoping wa. *** a.a.yses were performed to determine which va.ia.les predicted la.era. migra.ion with *** outcome scores were recorded using the Modified Ha.ris Hip Score （MHHS）,Hip Outcome Score-a.tivity of Da.ly Living （HOS-a.L）,a.d Visua. a.a.og Sca.e for *** Two hundred a.d twenty-three pa.ients （67 ma.es,156 fema.es） fitted the ra.iogra.hic a.d follow-up （a.era.e 24.6 months） *** a.era.e a.e wa. 77.2 *** a.era.e la.era. migra.ion with telescoping wa. 4.8 ***-one pa.ients （9.4%） ha. excessive la.era. migra.ion with telescoping （≥10 mm）.The qua.ity of ca.ca. reduction （P=0.01） a.d unsta.le fra.ture pa.terns （P=0.006） were significa.t predictive fa.tors of la.era. migra.ion with *** mea. outcome scores （MHHS a.d HOS-a.L） were 80.1 points a.d 78.7 points,*** subjects ha. no significa.t rela.ionship to la.era. migra.ion with telescoping （P 〉0.05）.Of a.l the pa.ients who developed la.era. migra.ion with telescoping,only one required remova. of the bla.e for hip pa.n a.d a.l pa.ients went on to uneventful union a. a. a.era.e time of 4.5 *** La.era. migra.ion with telescoping is a.common mecha.ica. complica.ion of intertrocha.teric hip fra.ture trea.ed with the TFN *** wa. predicted by the qua.ity of ca.ca. reduction a.d fra.ture ***,this did not a.fect sta.le fixa.ion a.d fra.ture hea.ing,so ra.ely l

关键词： trocha.teric fixa.ion na.l intertrocha.teric hip fra.ture fra.ture fixa.ion helica. bla.e complica.ions

Va.ida.ion of ba.a.tic gla.s a.sorption ca.a.ilities from geotherma. a.senic in a.ba.a.tic a.uifer: a.ca.e study from Bja.na.fla. power Sta.ion,Icela.d

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第5期10卷 1743-1753页

作者： K.C. weaver M.a. Hoque S.M. a.in S.H. markússon a.P. Butler Depa.tment of Civil a.d Environmenta. Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonSW7 2BUUnited Kingdom School of Geogra.hy Environment and Earth SciencesVictoria University of WellingtonWellingtonNew Zealand School of Ea.th a.d Environmenta. Sciences University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO1 3QLUnited Kingdom Ga. Susta.na.ility Technology Group Research and TechnologyProject Delivery and TechnologyPetronasMalaysia La.dsvirkjun Háaleitisbraut 68103 ReykjavíkIceland

a.senic is a.ca.cinogen known for its a.ute toxicity to *** wa.ers a.e commonly high in a.senic,a. shown a. the Bja.na.fla. Power Pla.t,Icela.d (w224 mg/kg of solvent).Development of geotherma. energy requires a.equa.e disposa. of a.senic-rich wa.ers into groundwa.er/geotherma. *** outcome of a.senic tra.sport models tha. a.sess the effect of geotherma. effluent on the environment a.d ecosystems ma. be influenced by the sensitivity of hydra.lic ***,previous such studies in Icela.d do not consider the sensitivity of hydra.lic pa.a.eters a.d thereby the interpreta.ions rema.n *** we used the La.e Myva.n ba.a.tic a.uifer system a. a.ca.e study to identify the sensitive hydra.lic pa.a.eters a.d a.sess their role in a.senic *** develop a.one-dimensiona. rea.tive tra.sport model (PHREEQC ver.2.),using geochemica. da.a.from Bja.na.fla.,*** our model,a.senite (H3a.O3) wa. predicted to be the domina.t species of inorga.ic a.senic in both groundwa.er a.d geotherma. *** reduced a.senic concentra.ion beloww5 mg/*** reduced the residua. conta.ina.ion below w0.4 mg/kg a. 250 m a.ong *** on our modelling,we found volumetric input to be the most sensitive pa.a.eter in the *** a.dition,the a.sorption strength of ba.a.tic gla.s wa. such tha. the physica. hydrogeologica. pa.a.eters,na.ely: groundwa.er velocity a.d longitudina. dispersivity ha. little influence on the concentra.ion profile.

关键词： Geotherma. Groundwa.er Hydrogeochemistry a.senic Modelling

Survey of Uta. High School Footba.l Strength a.d Conditioning Coa.hes

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Journa. of Sports Science 2015年第3期3卷 117-126页

作者： Eugene Keoki weaver mark DeBeliso Sports Performa.ce Tra.ning Dixie Regional Medical Center lntermountain Healthcare St. George UT 84790 USA Depa.tment of Physica. Educa.ion a.d Huma. Performa.ce Southern Utah University Cedar City UT 84720 USA

Strength a.d conditioning coa.hes ha.e become a.vita. pa.t of sport progra.s. The ma.ority of college a.d professiona. tea.s ha.e one or more strength a.d conditioning coa.hes on their sta.f. Currently there is limited informa.ion on the profile of high school strength a.d conditioning coa.hes. This study provides a.profile, which ca. be used by sta.e a.hletic a.socia.ions, school districts, a.hletic directors, a.d hea. coa.hes, to determine the desired criteria.for high school strength a.d conditioning coa.hes. This study a.so provides future coa.hes with a.guide to help them become a.pea.ing ca.dida.es for positions a. high school strength a.d conditioning coa.hes. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study wa. to identify the individua. responsible for designing a.d implementing the footba.l strength a.d conditioning progra.s in Uta. high schools a.d provide a.profile of the coa.h a.d the progra.. METHODS: The pa.ticipa.ts were high school footba.l strength a.d conditioning coa.hes in the sta.e of Uta.. Pa.ticipa.ts were a.ked to complete a. online survey. RESULTS: Thirty-six percent (36/100) of the surveys were completed a.d usea.le for the study. Eighty seven percent of the respondents identified the strength a.d conditioning coa.h a. their seconda.y position in the footba.l progra.. a.l (n = 36) of the respondents held a. lea.t a.Ba.helor degree a.d a.ma.ority (61.1%) held a.gra.ua.e degree. Physica. Educa.ion wa. the most widely reported ma.or in undergra.ua.e degrees, while the ma.ority of gra.ua.e degrees were in a.ea. outside of the physica. educa.ion/exercise field (63.6%). a.tota. of 64.5% of the respondents did not hold a.strength a.d conditioning certifica.ion. Strength a.d conditioning experience ra.ged from 30 to 2 yea.s a.ong respondents. CONCLUSION: Within the pa.a.eters of this study, a.profile of the coa.hes a.d the respective strength a.d conditioning progra.s ha. been provided. The da.a.culled during this study is inconclusive with respect to the prepa

关键词： High school footba.l Uta. strength a.d conditioning

Intera.tion of a.Myrothecium verruca.ia.lt;/i>Mycelia. Prepa.a.ion a.d a.Glyphosa.e Product for Controlling Redvine (Brunnichia.ova.a.lt;/i>) a.d Trumpet Creeper (Ca.psis ra.ica.s)

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a.erica. Journa. of Pla.t Sciences 2020年第2期11卷 201-213页

作者： Clyde Dougla. Boyette Robert E.Hoa.la.d Cha.les T.Bryson mark a.weaver Kenneth C.Stetina USDa.a.S Biological Control of Pests Research UnitStonevilleMSUSA USDa.a.S Crop Production and Systems Research UnitStonevilleMSUSA

a.mycelia. formula.ion of the bioherbicida. fungus Myrothecium verruca.ia.(a.b. & Schwein.) Ditma.: Fr. (MV) wa. tested a.one a.d in combina.ion with a.commercia.ly a.a.la.le glyphosa.e [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] (GLY) product for controlling the inva.ive vines, redvine [Brunnichia.ova.a.(Wa.t.) Shinners], a.d trumpet creeper [Ca.psis ra.ica.s (L.) Seem. ex Burea.] in field experiments conducted nea. Stoneville, MS. Severa. a.plica.ion timing regimens were eva.ua.ed (Fa.l, Spring, Fa.l + Spring, a.d Spring + Fa.l). We found tha. a.Fa.l + Spring a.plica.ion of MV + GLY controlled redvine a.d trumpet creeper by 95%, 12 da.s a.ter the second trea.ment, through a.synergistic intera.tion of the fungus a.d glyphosa.e. Disea.e symptoma.ology wa. cha.a.terized by ra.id necrosis of lea. a.d stem tissues, with morta.ity occurring within 72 h. Neither glyphosa.e a.one, nor MV a.one, effectively controlled either weed species under a.y a.plica.ion timing regimen. No visua. disea.e or herbicide da.a.e occurred on glyphosa.e-resista.t soybea. pla.ts in the trea.ed test plots. These results suggest tha. some formula.ions of glyphosa.e, mixed with the bioherbicide MV, ca. effectively control redvine a.d trumpet creeper, two of the most troublesome weeds in the row crops of the Mississippi Delta.region in the mid-southern U.S.

关键词： Bioherbicide Intera.tion Mycelia. Formula.ion Myrothecium verruca.ia Ca.psis ra.ica.s Brunnichia ova.a