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A simplified LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of the cardiovascular disease biomarker trimethylamine-N-oxide and its precursors

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2021年第4期11卷 523-528页

作者： Katharina Rox Silke Rath Dietmar H.Pieper marius vital Mark Bronstrup Department of Chemical Biology(CBIO) Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research(HZI)38124BraunschweigGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig38124BraunschweigGermany Research Group Microbial Interactions and Processes(MINP) Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research(HZI)38124BraunschweigGermany Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology Hannover Medical School(MHH)30625HannoverGermany

Trimethylamine-N-oxide(TMAO)has emerged as a potential biomarker for atherosclerosis and the development of cardiovascular diseases(CVDs).Although several clinical studies have shown striking associations of TMAO levels with atherosclerosis and CVDs,TMAO determinations are not clinical routine yet.The current methodology relies on isotope-labeled internal standards,which adds to pre-analytical complexity and costs for the quantification of TMAO and its precursors carnitine,betaine or choline.Here,we report a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry based method that is fast(throughput up to 240 samples/day),consumes low sample volumes(e.g.,from a finger prick),and does not require isotope-labeled standards.We circumvented the analytical problem posed by the presence of endogenous TMAO and its precursors in human plasma by using an artificial plasma matrix for calibration.We cross-validated the results obtained using an artificial matrix with those using mouse plasma matrix and demonstrated that TMAO,carnitine,betaine and choline were accurately quantified in’reallife’human plasma samples from healthy volunteers,obtained either from a finger prick or from venous puncture.Additionally,we assessed the stability of samples stored at-20℃and room temperature.Whereas all metabolites were stable at-20℃,increasing concentrations of choline were determined when stored at room temperature.Our method will facilitate the establishment of TMAO as a routine clinical biomarker in hematology in order to assess the risk for CVDs development,or to monitor disease progression and intervention effects.

关键词： TMAO Atherosclerosis Biomarker Carnitine Choline Betaine LC-MS/MS

Ecosystem services and legal protection of private property.Problem or solution?

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Geography and Sustainability 2020年第3期1卷 173-180页

作者： Katažyna Mikša marius Kalinauskas Miguel Inácio Eduardo Gomes Paulo Pereira Environmental Management Laboratory Mykolas Romeris UniversityVilnius LT-08303Lithuania Institute of International and European Union Law Mykolas Romeris UniversityVilnius LT-08303Lithuania

Ecosystem services(ES)delivery in quantity and quality are essential to improve human wellbeing.Nevertheless,often a considerable part of ES provisioning depends on the use of private land(e.g.,flood retention,carbon sequestration,water purification).In this context,the operationalization and implementation of ES concept may collide with legal property rights.Therefore,it is essential to find constructive mechanisms to engage and encour-age private owners to implement sustainable land uses to reduce the onsite and offsite impacts of their activities.This paper aims to identify if ES delivery can be constrained by legal private land and how it can be tackled.It is undeniable that land-use changes(e.g.,urbanization,agriculture intensification,and land abandonment)affect the territory’s capacity to deliver ES in quality and quantity.These changes,especially land abandonment,are in-creasing the tradeoffs among ES(e.g.,between carbon sequestration and water yield).Land-use planning should consider these aspects.Therefore,incorporating ES into spatial plans is crucial for stakeholders to understand the impacts of land-use change in the loss of ES value.This information can be transmitted through maps that communicate the message in a simplified way.Private owners can easily perceive the ES relevance that their land can provide if an understandable message is delivered.Although this can be a good solution,conflicts can appear even with the implementation of schemes such as Payment for ES(PES).PES is not always effective and can im-pose losses to farmers,disregard their cultural traditions,or not prevent poverty alleviation.In this context,it is crucial to consider local specificities to safeguard PES’s success,create a“win-win”and transform a problem into a solution.Private owners’active participation in implementing sustainable practices or a determined land-use in their properties is vital to achieving global targets such as sustainable development goals.

关键词： Ecosystem services Law Private land Sustainability Land-use change

Ecosystem services of the Baltic Sea:An assessment and mapping perspective

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Geography and Sustainability 2020年第4期1卷 256-265页

作者： Miguel Inácio Donalda Karnauskaitė EglėBaltranaitė marius Kalinauskas Katarzyna Bogdzevič Eduardo Gomes Paulo Pereira Environmental Management Laboratory Mykolas Romeris UniversityVilniusLithuania Marine Research Institute Klaipeda UniversityKlaipedaLithuania

The Baltic Sea is essential for marine ecosystem services(MES)provision and the region’s socio-economic dy-namics.It is considered one of the busiest and most polluted regional seas in Europe.In recent years a collective effort in enforcing European and regional environmental policies and directives(e.g.Water Framework Direc-tive 2000/60/EC,2000;Marine Strategy Framework Directive 2008/56/EC,2008;Maritime Spatial Planning Directive 2014/89/EU,2014)has been carried out.Ecosystem Services assessment and mapping is integrated into these directives.An increasing number of scientific studies,projects,and other works were developed in this context,generating a vast body of knowledge.Despite all efforts to improve the Baltic Sea’s environmental status,the targets established were not fulfilled.It is also important to analyze if current methodological approaches for assessing and mapping MES are robust enough to provide the needed results.This perspective paper analyses the status of assessment and mapping methodologies.The results showed that most of the studies were focused on qualitative assessments,with limited validation and reliability.Although the number of robust and quantitative works is increasing,more are needed.It is vital to carry out quantitative assessments to inform decision-makers better and standardize MES practices across the Baltic Sea.

关键词： Collaborative effort Ecological modeling Marine ecosystem services Cultural Provisioning Regulating

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水稻茉莉酸响应基因的分析

山西农业科学 2016年第5期44卷 587-590,604页

作者：季科研樊凌志 Bella akoa gilles marius 蒲首丞孙梅好浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院浙江金华321004

茉莉酸是植物体内天然的调节剂,在植物生长发育过程及响应外界环境胁迫方面具有重要的作用。为了分析水稻中茉莉酸的响应基因,设计了Os PDF1.2,Os VSP2,Os JAZ8的定量PCR引物,利用100μmol/L茉莉酸和100μmol/L菲尼酮(内源茉莉酸合成抑... 详细信息

茉莉酸是植物体内天然的调节剂,在植物生长发育过程及响应外界环境胁迫方面具有重要的作用。为了分析水稻中茉莉酸的响应基因,设计了Os PDF1.2,Os VSP2,Os JAZ8的定量PCR引物,利用100μmol/L茉莉酸和100μmol/L菲尼酮(内源茉莉酸合成抑制剂)处理的叶片为材料,分析了Os JAZ8,Os PDF1.2,Os VSP2等3个基因对茉莉酸的响应情况。结果表明,Os JAZ8,Os PDF1.2随着茉莉酸处理时间的延长,表达量逐渐升高,随着菲尼酮处理时间的延长,表达量逐渐降低,而Os VSP2则与之相反;Os JAZ8对于茉莉酸的响应较Os PDF1.2,Os VSP2这2个基因更加敏感。据此结果认为,Os JAZ8的表达量可以作为水稻叶片中茉莉酸相对含量的指标。

关键词：茉莉酸水稻 RT-PCR 相对转录水平

氦气有中度抗炎作用，但在人体缺血-再灌注损伤中没有内皮保护作用

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麻醉与镇痛 2012年第1期8卷 8-15页

作者： Eliana Lucchinetti, PhD Johannes Wacker, MD Christian Maurer, MD marius Keel, MD Luc Hairter, PhD Kathrin Zaugg, MD, PhD Michael Zaugg, MD 周全红（译） Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine University of Alberta Edmonton Canada Institute of Anesthesiology Department of Trauma Surgery Department of Radiation Oncology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine University of Alberta and Perioperafive Translational Medicine Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Canada

背景惰性气体氦气没有麻醉作用但对心肌有预处理的作用。我们假设氦气吸入可以对人体前臂的缺血．再灌注内皮功能不全有保护作用。方法这是一项交叉设计的研究，包括8例健康男性受检者。每个志愿者在前臂缺血15分钟时被随机分成吸氦气... 详细信息

背景惰性气体氦气没有麻醉作用但对心肌有预处理的作用。我们假设氦气吸入可以对人体前臂的缺血．再灌注内皮功能不全有保护作用。方法这是一项交叉设计的研究，包括8例健康男性受检者。每个志愿者在前臂缺血15分钟时被随机分成吸氦气或不吸氦气组。氦气的呼气末浓度达50vol％。从缺血前15分钟开始吸氦气直到再灌注后5分钟（“氦气状态”）。充血反应是一种一氧化氮生物利用率和内皮功能的标记物。应用静脉阻塞体积描记术在再灌注的15分钟和30分钟时测定前臂充血反应。再灌注期用流式细胞计测定促炎症标记物CDllb、ICAM-1、PSGL-1和Dselectin（CD62L）在白细胞上的表达以及P-selectin（CD62P）、PSGL-1和CD42b在血小板上的表达。结果缺血。再灌注持续地降低再灌注15分钟和30分钟时阻塞后的内皮依赖性充血反应。围缺血期吸入50vol％氦气不能改善阻塞后充血反应。氦气降低促炎症标记物CDllb和ICAM-1在白细胞上的表达，也降低促凝标记物CD42b和PSGL-1在血小板上的表达。结论虽然吸入氦气可以消除缺血后的炎性反应，但本研究表明50vol％氦气不能保护人在体内皮。内皮是所有重要器官的主要组成成分。这与七氟醚的研究结果相反，七氟醚在低浓度、亚麻醉浓度下有人体内皮的保护作用。

关键词：缺血-再灌注损伤内皮功能不全保护作用氦气抗炎作用 PSGL-1 炎症标记物 ICAM-1