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Truth-value transmittal fuzzy reasoning inter-polator

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Science in China(Series F) 2005年第6期48卷 737-746页

作者： YAN Jianping LEUNg.yee Department of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Department of geography Hong Kong Chinese University Hong Kong

In this paper, we firstly associate fuzzy reasoning algorithm with the interpolation algorithm and discuss the limitation of defuzzification methods used commonly in the fuzzy reasoning algorithm. Secondly, we give a new fuzzy reasoning algorithm in case of single input, called the truth-value transmittal method, and discuss its properties. Finally, we analyze the rationality to adopy the truth-value transmittal method as the defuzzification method of full implication triple I method, and show that although CRI and triple I fuzzy reasoning method are different from fuzzy output set, they are uniform finally under the truth-value transmittal defuzzification method.

关键词： fuzzy reasoning interpolation triple I method truth-value transmittal method.

Studies on Crystal Transition of Polyamide 11 Nanocomposites by Variable-temperature X-Ray Diffraction

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2014年第1期32卷 115-122页

作者：刘天西 Dan Chen In yee Phang 韦春 Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials Ministry of Education College of Materials Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research)

Polyamide I1 （PAll） and its nanocomposites with different organoclay loadings were prepared by melt-compounding and subsequent pelletizing. The crystal phase transitions of PAl 1 and its clay nanocomposites were investigated by variable-temperature X-ray diffraction. It was found that the Brill transition of the nanocomposite was 20 K higher than that of the neat PAl 1 for both heating and cooling processes. The PAl 1 d-spacings of the nanocomposites were observed to be smaller than those of the neat PAl 1 for melt crystallization. The constraints imposed by the addition of layered clay, restricting the thermal expansion of the polymer chains, are probably responsible for such a reduction of the d-spacing.

关键词： Polyamide 11 Clay Nanocomposites Crystal transition Variable-temperature X-ray diffraction.

Modifications of ALPPS–from complex to more complex or from complex to less complex operations

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第4期16卷 346-352页

作者： Wan yee Lau Eric CH Lai Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong SARChina Department of Surgery Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern HospitalHong Kong SARChina

BACKgROUND: Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) has recently been developed to induce rapid liver hypertrophy to reduce the chance of post-hepatectomy liver failure in patients with borderline or insufficient future liver remnant. ALPPS is still in an early developmental stage and its techniques have not been standardized. This study aimed to review the technical modifications of the conventional ALPPS procedure. DATA SOURCES: Studies were identified by searching MEDLINE and PubMed for articles published from January 2007 to December 2016 using the keywords 'associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy' and 'ALPPS'. Additional articles were identified by a manual search of references from key articles. RESULTS: There have been a lot of modifications of the conventional ALPPS. These are classified as: (1) modifications aiming to improve surgical results; (2) modifications aiming to expand surgical indications; (3) salvage ALPPS; (4) ALPPS using the minimally invasive approach. Some of these modifications have made the conventional ALPPS procedure to become even more complex, although there have also been other attempts to make the procedure less complex. The results of most of these modifications have been reported in small case series or case reports. We need better well-designed studies to establish the true roles of these modifications. However, it is interesting to see how this conventional ALPPS procedure has evolved since its introduction. CONCLUSIONS: There is a trend for the use of minimally invasive procedure in the phase 1 or 2 of the conventional ALPPS procedure. Some of these modifications have expanded the use of ALPPS in patients who have been considered to have unresectable liver tumors. The long-term oncological outcomes of these modifications are still unknown.

关键词： associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for stage hepatectomy hepatocellular carcinoma hepatectomy liver metastasis portal vein embolization

Effect of upward seepage on bedload transport rate

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Water Science and Engineering 2014年第2期7卷 208-217页

作者： Xiao-xie LIU yee-Meng CHIEW State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety Tianjin University School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University

The paper presents an investigation of injection effects on the bedload transport rate. According to dimensional analysis, two dimensionless groups, an Einstein＇s parameter group and a modified densimetric Froude number group, were chosen to examine how injection affects the bedload transport rate. Experimental studies were conducted in an open-channel flume with an upward seepage zone. The sediment particles used for the test were 0.9 mm in diameter. The experimental results show that an increase in the injection velocity causes a reduction in the shear velocity excess, which is defined as the difference between the shear and critical shear velocities, leading to a reduction in the bedload transport rate. The equation for predicting the bedload transport rate in the presence of upward seepage was derived empirically. The proposed prediction method is suitable for engineering practice, since it only requires the undisturbed flow condition, properties of sediment particles, and the injection velocity.

关键词： upward seepage bedload transport rate shear velocity shear stress open-channel flow

Scour and Scour Countermeasures at Bridge Sites

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2008年第4期14卷 289-295页

作者： CHIEW yee-Meng School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University

This paper examines scour and scour countermeasures at bridge piers and abutments. Abutment scour is by far more complex than its counterpart associated with piers because of the possibility of the presence of a floodplain. Notwithstanding this, the mechanism of scour at both piers and abutments is very similar; moreover, the failure mechanisms associated with both armoring and flow-altering countermeasures are not very different. In rivers with a floodplain, abutment scour becomes much more complex. In cases where the abutment ends at or near to the floodplain, it can initiate bank erosion, which clearly is an important erosion problem that is quite distinct from the customary scour at either an abutment in rivers without a floodplain or a pier. For this reason, abutment scour can be very site-specific while pier-scour is more generic in nature. To this end, the ability to identify the type of abutment scour that may form in a particular channel is closely related to an engineer's ability to propose devices for effective scour *** summarizing research efforts on using riprap as a pier or abutment countermeasure over the past few decades, this paper highlights the deficiencies of riprap in arresting pier scour. To this end, different failure mechanisms are identified. They are shear failure, winnowing failure, edge failure, bedform-induced failure and bed-degradation induced failure. Each failure mechanism can singly or, more likely, combine to cause the eventual breakdown of the riprap layer. The study shows that a riprap layer is vulnerable to other failure mechanisms even though it is adequately designed against shear failure, rendering it ineffective in arresting scour.

关键词： abutment scour pier scour river engineering scour countermeasure riprap protection sediment transport

Designed in China： A Legal Frontier

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2017年第3期10卷 395-408页

作者： Justin yee Queen's University 99 University Ave Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada

China＇s ＂Five-Year Plan＂ is a national strategy document developed by the country＇s top leaders. Manifest in its guidelines was a concept that the developed world has traditionally and freely acknowledged, but that China has only recently become an acquaintance with. Specifically, the plan labels innovation as one of its focus areas, with a goal to move up in the value chain of global economic powers by abandoning old heavy industry and building up bases of modern information-intensive infrastructure. These objectives are to be facilitated by actions which include the strengthening of intellectual property rights protection and enforcement and represents another notch on China＇ s growing shelf of advancements in the area. This paper will discuss the current state of China＇s intellectual property legal framework, the increasing awareness amongst Chinese leadership to bolster the framework and the barriers which will inevitably form in the eye of progress. The analysis will delve into the history of intellectual property in China and culminate with a glance into today＇s political and cultural landscape. The goal of this paper is to examine the importance of devising a stable legal framework in order for China to successfully adhere with the innovation aspect of its current Five-Year Plan.

关键词： Intellectual property Copyright Patent Trademark China

Age of onset of diabetes and all-cause mortality

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World Journal of Diabetes 2020年第4期11卷 95-99页

作者： gary yee Ang Health Services and Outcomes Research National Healthcare GroupSingapore 138543Singapore

Diabetes mellitus continues to present a large social,financial and health system burden across the *** relationship between age of onset of the different types of diabetes and all-cause mortality is *** this review paper,the relationship between age of onset of the different types of diabetes and all-cause mortality will be reviewed and an update of the current evidence will be *** is strong evidence of the relationship between age of onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2 DM) and all-cause mortality,good evidence of the relationship between age of onset of T1 DM and all-cause mortality and no evidence of the relationship between age of onset of gestational diabetes or prediabetes and all-cause *** research is needed to look at whether aggressive management of earlier onset of T2 DM can help to reduce premature mortality.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Age of onset Mortality Type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes gestational diabetes Prediabetes

Lu Xun＇s View of the Awakening of the Chinese People--Was There Really an ＂Epistemological Break＂？

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Frontiers of Literary Studies in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2012年第3期6卷 410-425页

作者： Chiu-yee Cheung Division of Chinese School of Humanities and Social Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore

It has been argued that, starting in the late 1920s, Lu Xun＇s intellectual development underwent a significant transformation constituting what the French Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser has termed an ＂epistemological break.＂ Some of the explicitly more positive comments about the masses that Lu Xun made in his later years have been used to demonstrate this point. However, the existence of such a ＂break＂ is still debatable, and a detailed examination of Lu Xun＇s apparently optimistic comments reveals that Lu Xun possessed a more sophisticated understanding of the masses and the Chinese people. His understanding was informed by the concept of ＂national character.＂ This paper attempts to demonstrate the consistency of Lu Xun＇s view of the masses and the Chinese people and to resolve an apparent self-contradiction in Lu Xun＇s arguments.

关键词： Lu Xun Chinese "national character" epistemological break

A Spectrum Sharing Model that Counters Eavesdropping:An Energy Efficiency View

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2021年第2期28卷 47-54页

作者： yee-Loo Foo Faculty of Engineering Multimedia UniversityCyberjaya 63100Malaysia

Wireless transmission is subject to *** wireless transmission ceases,the assigned frequency channel is unused,wasting the spectral opportunity *** this study,a spectrum sharing model that reduces spectral wastage and protects against eavesdropping is ***,cognitive radio(CR)shares the channel access with primary user(PU).When the CR senses that the channel is idle,CR can seize the unoccupied channel for its own *** the channel is detected to be occupied by PU,CR transmits artificial noise to jam any potential *** what extent is this operation beneficial to the CR?The main concern of this study is the energy efficiency(μ)of CR,i.e.,the ratio of channel throughput to its energy *** relationship betweenμand the percentage of frame duration allocated for sensing(τ)was *** study contributes a novel theoretical expression that allows us to find the optimalμandτvalues,denoted byμ∗andτ∗.With the availability of this expression,the relationships between(μ∗,τ∗)and other important system parameters can be understood *** investigation reveals that strong CR signal will result in highμ∗without the need of increasingτ∗.On the other hand,a strong primary signal allows a shortτ∗and it improvesμ∗.High sampling rate for sensing may be unnecessary,as it does not improveμ∗significantly.A more demanding target probability of detection requires a higher sensing duration,but it has insignificant impact onμ∗.

关键词： spectrum sharing cognitive radio physical layer security eavesdropping jamming throughput energy efficiency