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Sarcopenia in patients with colorectal cancer:A comprehensive review

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第7期8卷 1188-1202页

作者： Omar Vergara-Fernandez mario trejo-avila Noel Salgado-Nesme Department of Colorectal Surgery Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutrición“Salvador Zubirán”Mexico 14080Mexico

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer globally and the second cancer in terms of *** prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with CRC ranges between 12%-60%.Sarcopenia comes from the Greek“sarx”for flesh,and“penia”for *** is considered a phenomenon of the aging process and precedes the onset of frailty(primary sarcopenia),but sarcopenia may also result from pathogenic mechanisms and that disorder is termed secondary *** diagnosis is confirmed by the presence of low muscle quantity or *** parameters need to be measured:muscle strength,muscle quantity and physical *** standard method to evaluate muscle mass is by analyzing the tomographic total cross-sectional area of all muscle groups at the level of lumbar 3rd *** may negatively impact on the postoperative outcomes of patients with colorectal cancer undergoing surgical *** has been described an association between sarcopenia and numerous poor short-term CRC outcomes like increased perioperative mortality,postoperative sepsis,prolonged length of stay,increased cost of care and physical *** may also negatively impact on overall survival,disease-free survival,recurrence-free survival,and cancerspecific survival in patients with non-metastatic and metastatic colorectal ***,patients with sarcopenia seem prone to toxic effects during chemotherapy,requiring dose deescalations or treatment delays,which seems to reduce treatment efficacy.A multimodal approach including nutritional support(dietary intake,high energy,high protein,and omega-3 fatty acids),exercise programs and anabolic-orexigenic agents(ghrelin,anamorelin),could contribute to muscle mass *** of sarcopenia screening to the established clinical-pathological scores for patients undergoing oncological treatment(chemotherapy,radiotherapy or surgery)seems to be the next step for the best of care of CRC pati

关键词： Colorectal cancer Sarcopenia Nutrition Muscle mass loss Oncologic outcomes Survival

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Predictors of dehydration and acute renal failure in patients with diverting loop ileostomy creation after colorectal surgery

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第14期7卷 1805-1813页

作者： Omar Vergara-Fernández mario trejo-avila Oscar Santes Danilo Solórzano-Vicu?a Noel Salgado-Nesme Department of Colorectal Surgery Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán"

BACKGROUND Despite the potential benefits of fecal diversion after low pelvic anastomosis in colorectal surgery, diverting loop ileostomy construction is related to significant rates of complications. AIM To determine potential predictors of high output related complications in patients with diverting loop ileostomy creation after colorectal surgery. METHODS Patients who underwent open and laparoscopic colorectal surgery requiring a diverting loop ileostomy from January 2010 to March 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. We included patients older than 18 years, who underwent colorectal surgery with primary low pelvic anastomosis, and with the creation of a diverting loop ileostomy, at elective or emergency settings for the treatment of benign or malignant conditions. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the effect of the potential predictors on the rate of high output related complications. The high output related complications were dehydration and acute renal failure that required visits to the emergency department and hospitalizations. RESULTS Of the 102 patients included in the study, 23.5%(n = 24) suffered high output related complications. In this group of patients at least one visit to the emergency department (mean 1.6), and at least one readmission to the hospital was needed. The factors associated with high-output ileostomy, in the univariate analysis, were: urgent surgical intervention (OR = 2.6;P = 0.047), the development of postoperative complications (OR = 3;P = 0.024), have ulcerative colitis (OR = 4.8;P = 0.017), use of steroids (OR = 4.3;P = 0.010), mean output at discharge greater than 1000 mL/24 h (OR = 3.2;P = 0.016), and use of loperamide at discharge (OR = 2.8;P = 0.032). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified two independent risk factors for high output related complications: ulcerative colitis [OR = 7.6 (95%CI: 1.81-31.95);P = 0.006], and ileostomy output at discharge ≥ 1000 mL/24 h [OR =

关键词： Loop ileostomy High-output ileostomy Loop ileostomy complications Dehydration Colorectal surgery

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Surgical treatment of acute cholecystitis in patients with confirmed COVID-19:Ten case reports and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第4期10卷 1296-1310页

作者： Katya Bozada-Gutierrez mario trejo-avila Fatima Chavez-Hernandez Sara Parraguirre-Martinez Carlos Valenzuela-Salazar Jesus Herrera-Esquivel Mucio Moreno-Portillo Department of General and Endoscopic Surgery Hospital General Dr.Manuel Gea GonzalezMexico City 14090Mexico Department of Pathology Hospital General Dr.Manuel Gea GonzalezMexico City 14090Mexico

BACKGROUND Research concerning postoperative outcomes of confirmed coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients revealed unfavorable postoperative results with increased morbidity,pulmonary complications and *** reports have suggested that COVID-19 is associated with more aggressive presentation of acute *** aim of the present study is to describe the perioperative assessment and postoperative outcomes of ten patients with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection with concomitant acute cholecystitis who underwent *** SUMMARY We report a total of 10 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients with concomitant acute cholecystitis that underwent *** patients were males,the mean age was 47.1 *** patients had moderate acute cholecystitis,and one patient had severe acute *** patients were treated with urgent/early laparoscopic *** the Parkland grading scale,two patients received a Parkland grade of 3,two patients received a Parkland grade of 4,and six patients received a Parkland grade of *** patients required a bail-out *** patients developed biliary leakage and required endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with biliary *** surgery,five patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)and required intensive care unit(ICU)*** patient died after cholecystectomy due to ARDS *** mean total length of stay(LOS)was 18.2 *** histopathology demonstrated transmural necrosis(n=5),vessel obliteration with ischemia(n=3),perforation(n=3),and acute peritonitis(n=10).CONCLUSION COVID-19 patients with acute cholecystitis had difficult cholecystectomies,high rates of ICU admission,and a prolonged LOS.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Cholecystectomy in COVID-19 Acute cholecystitis in COVID-19 Case report

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Revisiting the theoretical prediction of the explosive performance found by the Trauzl test

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 163-174页

作者： Ivana Dobrilovic mario Dobrilovic Muhamed Suceska Faculty of Mining Geology and Petroleum EngineeringDepartment of Mining Engineering and GeotechnicsUniversity of ZagrebPierottijeva 6Zagreb10000Croatia

The Trauzl lead block test allows the determination of the approximate performance of explosives in blasting applications by measuring the volume increase(expansion)that is produced by the detonation of an explosive charge in the cavity of a lead *** this paper,we reconsider the possibility of interpreting the Trauzl test results in terms of detonation parameters or *** detonation parameters used in the analysis are calculated using the thermochemical code EXPLO5,while the hydrocode AUTODYN is used to simulate the effect of explosive charge density and reaction rate on the results of the Trauzl *** increase in the volume of the lead block cavity was found to correlate best with the product of the detonation heat and the root of the volume of detonation *** simulation showed that the density of explosive charge and the rate of explosive decomposition affect the dynamics of the interaction of the detonation product and the lead block,and consequently the lead block cavity volume increase.

关键词： Trauzl lead block test Performance of explosives EXPLO5 AUTODYN Detonation heat

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Machine learning applications in stroke medicine:advancements,challenges,and future prospectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 769-773页

作者： mario Daidone Sergio Ferrantelli Antonino Tuttolomondo Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward Department of Health PromotionMother and Child CareInternal Medicine and Medical SpecialtiesUniversity of Palermo Molecular and Clinical Medicine PhD Program University of Palermo

Stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide,necessitating the development of advanced technologies to improve its diagnosis,treatment,and patient *** recent years,machine learning techniques have emerged as promising tools in stroke medicine,enabling efficient analysis of large-scale datasets and facilitating personalized and precision medicine *** abstract provides a comprehensive overview of machine learning’s applications,challenges,and future directions in stroke *** introduced machine learning algorithms have been extensively employed in all the fields of stroke *** learning models have demonstrated remarkable accuracy in imaging analysis,diagnosing stroke subtypes,risk stratifications,guiding medical treatment,and predicting patient *** the tremendous potential of machine learning in stroke medicine,several challenges must be *** include the need for standardized and interoperable data collection,robust model validation and generalization,and the ethical considerations surrounding privacy and *** addition,integrating machine learning models into clinical workflows and establishing regulatory frameworks are critical for ensuring their widespread adoption and impact in routine stroke *** learning promises to revolutionize stroke medicine by enabling precise diagnosis,tailored treatment selection,and improved *** research and collaboration among clinicians,researchers,and technologists are essential for overcoming challenges and realizing the full potential of machine learning in stroke care,ultimately leading to enhanced patient outcomes and quality of *** review aims to summarize all the current implications of machine learning in stroke diagnosis,treatment,and prognostic *** the same time,another purpose of this paper is to explore all the future perspectives these techniques can provide in combating this disabling dis

关键词： cerebrovascular disease deep learning machine learning reinforcement learning stroke stroke therapy supervised learning unsupervised learning

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Additively manufactured Ti–Ta–Cu alloys for the next-generation load-bearing implants

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 353-374页

作者： Amit Bandyopadhyay Indranath Mitra Sushant Ciliveri Jose D avila William Dernell Stuart B Goodman Susmita Bose W.M.Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory School of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringWashington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164United States of America Veterinary Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164United States of America Department of Orthopedic Surgery Stanford University Medical CenterRedwood CityCA 94063United States of America

Bacterial colonization of orthopedic implants is one of the leading causes of failure and clinical complexities for load-bearing metallic implants. Topical or systemic administration of antibiotics may not offer the most efficient defense against colonization, especially in the case of secondary infection, leading to surgical removal of implants and in some cases even limbs. In this study, laser powder bed fusion was implemented to fabricate Ti3Al2V alloy by a 1:1 weight mixture of CpTi and Ti6Al4V powders. Ti-Tantalum(Ta)–Copper(Cu) alloys were further analyzed by the addition of Ta and Cu into the Ti3Al2V custom alloy. The biological,mechanical, and tribo-biocorrosion properties of Ti3Al2V alloy were evaluated. A 10 wt.% Ta(10Ta) and 3 wt.% Cu(3Cu) were added to the Ti3Al2V alloy to enhance biocompatibility and impart inherent bacterial resistance. Additively manufactured implants were investigated for resistance against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus strains of bacteria for up to 48 h. A 3 wt.% Cu addition to Ti3Al2V displayed improved antibacterial efficacy, i.e.78%–86% with respect to CpTi. Mechanical properties for Ti3Al2V–10Ta–3Cu alloy were evaluated, demonstrating excellent fatigue resistance, exceptional shear strength, and improved tribological and tribo-biocorrosion characteristics when compared to Ti6Al4V. In vivo studies using a rat distal femur model revealed improved early-stage osseointegration for alloys with10 wt.% Ta addition compared to CpTi and Ti6Al4V. The 3 wt.% Cu-added compositions displayed biocompatibility and no adverse infammatory response in vivo. Our results establish the Ti3Al2V–10Ta–3Cu alloy’s synergistic effect on improving both in vivo biocompatibility and microbial resistance for the next generation of load-bearing metallic implants.

关键词： Ti6Al4V load-bearing implants additive manufacturing 3D printing antibacterial performance

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US Imperialism and its Legacies in East Asia:Thucydides Trap orThrasymachus Paradox?

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2024年第3期17卷 417-436页

作者： mario Maritan International Relations and Global Affairs Social Science DivisionMahidol University International CollegeMahidol UniversitySalayaThailand

The US presence in East Asia is not simply a result of the victory over Japan in WW2,but a legacy of the US takeover of the Spanish overseas empire in ***,the threat of war between China and the US has little to do with Allison's Thucydides trap,which is based on a misreading of Thucydides'work:It originates from what in China is seen as a US imperial presence that mirrors Western inter-ference in Chinese affairs during the so-called“century of humiliation.”China is an authoritarian state with regional hegemonic ambitions,yet the West has been endorsing other authoritarian states,even absolute monarchies,that fit its geopoliti-cal *** the purported US support of“freedom”and“democ-racy,”the US in East Asia has been carrying out a foreign policy that,as an exten-sion of misinterpretations of the Monroe Doctrine,is a legacy of *** legacy is too often overlooked,while overseas interests are justified on the basis of secu-rity *** is relevant,but to compare the American and Athenian empires and their demise,not to drag China into US geopolitical discourse,when focus should have long been on ***-colonial theory shows how interstate relations,in particular in the East Asian context,are not defined by Thucydides trap,but Thrasymachus paradox.

关键词： US-Chinese relations Thucydides trap East Asia Cross-strait relations Imperialism

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Research funding and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in Physics, Chemistry and Medicine, 2019-2020

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2024年第2期9卷 56-80页

作者： mario Coccia Saeed Roshani CNR-National Research Council of Italy IRCRES-CNRTurin Research Area of the CNRStrada delle Cacce73-10135-TurinItaly Arizona State University School of Complex Adaptive Systems1031 S.Palm WalkTempeAZ 85281-2701USA Allameh Tabataba’i University Department of Technology and Entrepreneurship ManagementDehkadeh-ye-OTehran***Iran

Purpose:The goal of this study is a comparative analysis of the relation between funding(a main driver for scientific research)and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine over 2019-2020 and the same relation in these research fields as a ***/methodology/approach:This study utilizes a power law model to explore the relationship between research funding and citations of related *** study here analyzes 3,539 recorded documents by Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine and a broader dataset of 183,016 documents related to the fields of physics,medicine,and chemistry recorded in the Web of Science ***:Results reveal that in chemistry and medicine,funded researches published in papers of Nobel Laureates have higher citations than unfunded studies published in articles;vice versa high citations of Nobel Laureates in physics are for unfunded studies published in ***,when overall data of publications and citations in physics,chemistry and medicine are analyzed,all papers based on funded researches show higher citations than unfunded ***/value:Results clarify the driving role of research funding for science diffusion that are systematized in general properties:a)articles concerning funded researches receive more citations than(un)funded studies published in papers of physics,chemistry and medicine sciences,generating a high Matthew effect(a higher growth of citations with the increase in the number of papers);b)research funding increases the citations of articles in fields oriented to applied research(e.g.,chemistry and medicine)more than fields oriented towards basic research(e.g.,physics).Practical implications:The results here explain some characteristics of scientific development and diffusion,highlighting the critical role of research funding in fostering citations and the expansion of scientific *** finding can support decision-making of policymakers and R&D mana

关键词： Research funding Citations Science diffusion Scientific change Science of Science Power-law distribution Basic research Applied research Matthew effect Nobel Laureates Nobel Prizes

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Design and engineering of logic genetic-enzymatic gates based on the activity of the human CYP2C9 enzyme in permeabilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2024年第3期9卷 406-415页

作者： Rana Azeem Ashraf Matthias Bureik mario Andrea Marchisio School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University300072TianjinChina

Gene circuits allow cells to carry out complex functions such as the precise regulation of biological metabolic *** this study,we combined,in the yeast ***,genetic regulatory elements with the enzymatic reactions of the human CYP2C9 and its redox partner CPR on luciferin substrates and *** cells were permeabilized and used as enzyme bags in order to host these metabolic *** engineered three different(genetic)-enzymatic basic Boolean gates(YES,NOT,and N-IMPLY).In the YES and N-IMPLY gates,human CYP2C9 was expressed under the galactose-inducible GAL1 *** carbon monoxide releasing molecule CORM-401 was used as an input in the NOT and N-IMPLY gates to impair CYP2C9 activity through inhibition of the Fe+2-heme prosthetic group in the active site of the human *** study provides a new approach in designing synthetic bio-circuits and optimizing experimental conditions to favor the heterologous expression of human drug metabolic enzymes over their endogenous *** new approach will help study precise metabolic attributes of human P450s.

关键词： Cytochrome P450 Drug metabolism Budding yeast Diclofenac Synthetic biology CORM-401 Boolean gates

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Application of flame-formed carbon nanoparticle films for ethanol sensing Author links open overlay panel

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Particuology 2024年第8期91卷 202-210页

作者： Pegah Darvehi Luca Basta mario Commodo Patrizia Minutolo Andrea D'Anna Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Energia e la MobilitàSostenibili Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheP.le Tecchio 8080125NapoliItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica dei Materiali e della Produzione IndustrialeUniversitàdegli Studi di Napoli Federico IIP.le Tecchio 8080125NapoliItaly

Carbon nanoparticles(CNPs)have received considerable attention due to their exceptional qualities and *** unique physical and chemical characteristics make them extremely intriguing as materials for numerous high-potential applications,such as electronics and gas *** study focused on producing carbon-based nanomaterial devices by deposition of flame-formed carbon nanoparticles on a suitable substrate and investigating their gas-sensing *** were produced in a fuel-rich laminar premixed ethylene/air flame and the collected CNP film was morphologically and electrically *** electrical conductivity of the film was investigated as a function of ethanol concentration and amount of deposited ***,CNP films exhibited high sensitivity to ambient ethanol gas concentrations,and rapid recovery times at room temperature,and showed a sensitivity increasing with the amount of deposited material and the surface *** findings demonstrate the high potential of combustion-generated CNPs as building materials for low-cost and portable ethanol sensors.

关键词： Flame synthesis Carbon nanoparticles Soot Nanostructured thin film Optical and electrical characterization Atomic force microscopy Sensors

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