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Resting metabolic rates increase with elevation in a mountain-dwelling lizard

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第5期15卷 363-374页

作者： Melissa PLASMAN Amando BAUTISTA Marshall d.McCUE Aníbal H.d.az dE LA VEGA-PÉREZ Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta Universidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMéxico Sable Systems International Las VegasNevadaUSA Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología–Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta Universidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMéxico

ndividuals that inhabit broad elevational ranges may experience unique environmental *** temperature decreases with increased elevation,the ectotherms living at high elevations have to manage limited activity time and high thermoregulatory *** resting metabolic rate(RMR)of a postabsorptive animal is related to its total energy requirements as well as many other fitness *** lizards(Sceloporus grammicus)living on La Malinche Volcano,Mexico,inhabit a wide elevational range with some populations apparently thriving above the tree *** measured the RMR of lizards from different elevations(i.e.,2,600,3,200,and 4,100 m)at four ecologically relevant temperatures(i.e.,15,25,30,and 35°C)and found that RMR of mesquite lizards increased with temperature and body *** importantly,lizards from the high-elevation population had mass specific RMR that was higher at all *** the higher RMRs of high-elevation populations imply higher metabolic costs at a given temperature these lizards were also *** of these traits may allow these high elevation populations to thrive in the face of the thermal challenges imposed by their environment.

关键词： altitudinal gradient energetics reptile Sceloporus temperature

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the pediatric population of a third-level care hospital in Mexico City in 2013 and 2018

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World Journal of diabetes 2023年第3期14卷 290-298页

作者： Jorge mario Molina-d.az Blanca Estela Vargas-Terrez Patricia Guadalupe Medina-Bravo Antonia Martínez-Ambrosio América Liliana Miranda-Lora Miguel Klünder-Klünder department of Child Endocrinology Children’s Hospital Federico GomezAutonomous University of MexicoMexico City 06250Mexico Faculty of Business La Salle UniversityMexico City 06250Mexico department of Endocrinology Children’s Hospital Federico GomezMexico City 06720Mexico department of Nursing and Endocrinology Children’s Hospital Federico GómezMexico City 06720Mexico Epidemiological Research Unit in Endocrinology and Nutrition Children’s Hospital Federico GomezMexico City 06720Mexico division of Research Children’s Hospital Federico GomezMexico City 06720Mexico

BACKGROUNd diabetes mellitus type 2(T2dM)is a state of hyperglycemia due to a defect in the secretion and/or action of insulin,and it represents the most common form of diabetes *** Mexico,10.3%of the adult population have been diagnosed with T2dM and it is expanding to the pediatric *** To evaluate and compare the prevalence of T2dM in the pediatric population at the Children’s Hospital,“Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez(HIMFG)”,at two time periods:2013 vs *** A comparison of two cross-sectional studies was done(2013 and 2018).The study population was comprised of children and adolescents 8-17 years old,from the diabetes Clinic at the aforementioned institution.A comprehensive interrogation regarding family history and perinatal antecedents was *** blood work after 12 h of fasting was obtained to determine serum levels of glucose,glycated hemoglobin,lipid profile,C-peptide,and *** data were analysed using the statistical software package SPSS v.23.0.A P value ofdered statistically *** A total of 151 patients were included:47 from 2013,and 104 from *** were age differences noted between the two periods with younger patients presenting T2dM in ***,T2dM predominated in the male sex in 55.36%in 2013 vs 32.7%in *** increased prevalence of T2dM was noted from 2013 to 2018(20.2%vs 33.0%,respectively),which was a statistically significant 12.8%increase(Pd adverse lipid *** The prevalence of T2dM at the HIMFG institution from 2013 to 2018 increased by 12.8%(20.2%vs 33.0%,respectively).The study results demonstrate the need for vigilance in T2dM trends,and to strengthen programs of healthy nutrition and physical activity as well as early detection and risk factors for obesity,data on insulin resistance,and metabo

关键词： diabetes Children adolescents Epidemiology Etiology Risk factors and complications

Hepatocellular carcinoma in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease from a clinical and public health perspective

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第5期11卷 755-758页

作者： Luis Antonio d.az Marco Arrese Juan Pablo Arab departamento de Gastroenterología Escuela de MedicinaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineSchulich School of MedicineWestern University&London Health Sciences CentreLondonONCanada Alimentiv LondonONCanada

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLd)is the leading cause of chronic liver disease in the western world(1).Currently,the global prevalence of NAFLd is estimated at 30%and is notably higher in South America and the Middle East(1).NAFLd prevalence has been rising during the last decades,and cases of decompensated NAFLd cirrhosis could increase by 168%in 2030(Figure 1A)(2).These trends are probably explained by several factors including the decrease in viral hepatitis incidence and the increasing prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2dM)among the general population(2).

关键词： prevalence NAFLd liver

Hemoconcentration is a poor predictor of severity in acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第44期11卷 7018-7023页

作者： José M.Remes-Troche Andrés duarte-Rojo Gustavo Morales Guillermo Robles-d.az department of Gastroenterology

AIM： To determine whether the hematocrit （Hct） at admission or at 24 h after admission was associated with severe acute pancreatitis （AP）, organ failure （OF）, and pancreatic necrosis. METHOdS： A total of 336 consecutive patients with a first AP episode were studied. Etiology, Hct values at admission and at 24 h, development of severe AP according to Atlanta＇s criteria, pancreatic necrosis, OF and mortality were recorded. Hemoconcentration was defined as Hct level 〉44% for males and 〉40% for females. The t-test and ;x^2 test were used to assess the association of hemoconcentration to the severity, necrosis and OF. diagnostic accuracy was also determined. RESULTS： Biliary disease was the most frequent etiology （n = 148）. Mean Hct levels at admission were 41±6% for females and 46±7% for males （P〈0.01）. Seventyeight （23%） patients had severe AP, and OF developed in 45 （13%） patients. According to contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan, 36% （54/150） patients showed pancreatic necrosis. Hct levels were elevated in 58% （55/96） and 61% （33/54） patients with interstitial and necrotizing pancreatitis, respectively. Neither Hct levels at admission nor hemoconcentration at 24 h were associated with the severity, necrosis or OF. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values for both determinations were very low; and negative predictive values were between 61% and 86%, being the highest value for OF. CONCLUSION： Hct is not a useful marker to predict a worse outcome in acute pancreatitis. In spite of the high negative predictive value of hemoconcentration, the prognosis gain is limited due to an already high incidence of mild disease.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Hernatocrit Hemoconcentration Severity Necrosis

An Evolutionary Approach to the delineation of Functional Areas Based on Travel-to-work Flows

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2008年第1期5卷 10-21页

作者： Francisco Flórez-Revuelta JoséManuel Casado-d.az Lucas Martínez-Bernabeu department of Computing Technology University of AlicanteP.O.Box 99E-03080AlicanteSpain Institute of International Economics University of AlicanteP.O.Box 99F-03080AlicanteSpain

This paper presents a new approach to the delineation of local labor markets based on evolutionary computation. The aim of the exercise is the division of a given territory into functional regions based on travel-to-work flows. Such regions are defined so that a high degree of inter-regional separation and of intra-regional integration in both cases in terms of commuting flows is guaranteed. Additional requirements include the absence of overlap between delineated regions and the exhaustive coverage of the whole territory. The procedure is based on the maximization of a fitness function that measures aggregate intra-region interaction under constraints of inter-region separation and minimum size. In the experimentation stage, two variations of the fitness function are used, and the process is also applied as a final stage for the optimization of the results from one of the most successful existing methods, which are used by the British authorities for the delineation of travel-to-work areas （TTWAs）. The empirical exercise is conducted using real data for a sufficiently large territory that is considered to be representative given the density and variety of travel-to-work patterns that it embraces. The paper includes the quantitative comparison with alternative traditional methods, the assessment of the performance of the set of operators which has been specifically designed to handle the regionalization problem and the evaluation of the convergence process. The robustness of the solutions, something crucial in a research and policy-making context, is also discussed in the paper.

关键词： Evolutionary computation regional science economics optimization methods

Need for infliximab dose intensification in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 9170-9177页

作者： Carlos Taxonera david Olivares Juan L Mendoza Manuel d.az-Rubio Enrique Rey Inflammatory Bowel disease Unit Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Clínico San Carlos Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC) department of Gastroenterology Hospital Clínico San Carlos

AIM: To compare the need for infliximab dose intensification in two cohorts of patients with Crohn’s disease (Cd) or ulcerative colitis (UC).

关键词： Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Infliximab dose intensification Costs

On Lagrange-Projection Schemes for Shallow Water Flows Over Movable Bottom with Suspended and Bedload Transport

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2023年第4期16卷 1087-1126页

作者： Alessia del Grosso Manuel J.Castro d.az Christophe Chalons Tomás Morales de Luna UniversitéParis-Saclay UVSQCNRSLaboratoire de Mathématiques de Versailles78000VersaillesFrance dpto.de Análisis Matemático Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de MálagaCampus de Teatinos S/N29081 MálagaSpain

In the present work we aim to simulate shallow water flows over movable bottom with suspended and bedload *** order to numerically approximate such a system,we proceed step by *** start by considering shallow water equations with non-constant density of the mixture ***,the Exner equation is included to take into account bedload sediment ***,source terms for friction,erosion and deposition processes are ***,observe that the sediment particle could go in suspension into the water or being deposited on the *** the numerical scheme,we rely on well-balanced Lagrange-projection *** particular,since sediment transport is generally a slow process,we aim to develop semi-implicit schemes in order to obtain fast *** Lagrange-projection splitting is well-suited for such a purpose as it entails a decomposition of the(fast)acoustic waves and the(slow)material waves of the ***,in subsonic regimes,an implicit approximation of the acoustic equations allows us to neglect the corresponding CFL condition and to obtain fast numerical schemes with large time step.

关键词： Shallow water flows movable bottom erosion-deposition processes Lagrangeprojection schemes implicit-explicit schemes

2024 Wheelchair Compendium of Physical Activities:An update of activity codes and energy expenditure values

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 18-23页

作者： Scott A.Conger Stephen d.Herrmann Erik A.Willis Tom E.Nightingale Joseph R.Sherman Barbara E.Ainsworth department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA School of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham AL B152TTUK Centre for Trauma Sciences Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham AL B152TTUK College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Purpose:This paper presents an update of the 2011 Wheelchair Compendium of Physical Activities designed for wheelchair users and is referred to as the 2024 Wheelchair *** Wheelchair Compendium aims to curate existing knowledge of the energy expenditure for wheelchair physical activities(PAs).Methods:A systematic review of the published energy expenditure of PA for wheelchair users was completed between 2011 and May *** added these data to the 2011 Wheelchair Compendium data that was compiled previously in a systematic review through ***:A total of 47 studies were included,and 124 different wheelchair PA reported energy expenditure values ranging from 0.8 metabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(filing papers,light effort)to 11.8 metabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(Nordic sit skiing).Conclusion:In introducing the updated 2024 Wheelchair Compendium,we hope to bridge the resource gap and challenge the prevailing narratives that inadvertently exclude wheelchair users from physical fitness and health PAs.

关键词： disability Exercise MET Mobility

Should capecitabine replace 5-fluorouracil in the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第20期20卷 6092-6101页

作者： Carlos Aguado Beatriz García-Paredes Miguel Jhonatan Sotelo Javier Sastre Eduardo d.az-Rubio department of Medical Oncology Hospital Clínico San Carlos 28040 Madrid Spain

Fluoropyrimidines play a central role in the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Our aim was to review whether capecitabine was a safer, non-inferior, economically superior and more convenient alternative to 5-fluorouracil. Capecitabine has previously been compared to 5-fluorouracil-either as a monotherapy or in combination with oxaliplatin, irinotecan, or biological drugs-and has been found to have comparable efficacy and safety profiles. Furthermore, pharmacoeconomic data and patients’ preferences for oral chemotherapy further favor capecitabine. Therefore, capecitabine appears to be an effective and safe alternative to fluorouracil in the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.

关键词： Capecitabine 5-Fluorouracil Metastatic colorectal cancer