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CT colonography after incomplete colonoscopy in subjects with positive faecal occult blood test

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第28期14卷 4499-4504页

作者： Lapo Sali Massimo Falchini andrea Giovanni Bonanomi Guido Castiglione Stefano Ciatto Paola Mantellini Francesco Mungai Ilario Menchi Natale Villari mario Mascalchi Radiodiagnostic Section Department of Clinical PhysiopathologyUniversity of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Centro per lo Studio e la Prevenzione Oncologica (CSPO) Florence 50100Italy Diagnostic Imaging Department Careggi HospitalFlorence 50134Italy

AIM： To report our experience with computed tomography colonography （CTC） systematically performed in subjects with positive faecal occult blood test （FOBT） and an incomplete colonoscopy in the setting of a population-based screening for colorectal cancer （CRC）. METHODS： From April 2006 to April 2007, 43 290 individuals （age range 50-70） who adhered to the regional screening program for the prevention of CRC underwent immunochemical FOBT. FOBT was positive in 1882 subjects （4.3%）. 1463 （77.7%） of these subjects underwent colonoscopy, 903 performed in a single center. Of 903 colonoscopies 65 （7.2%） were incomplete. Forty-two of these subjects underwent CTC. CTC was performed with a 16-MDCT scanner after standard bowel prep （polyethyleneglycole） in both supine and prone position. Subjects whose CTC showed polyps or masses were referred to the endoscopist for repeat colonoscopy under sedation or underwent surgery. Perlesion and per-segment positive predictive values （PPV） were calculated. RESULTS： Twenty-one （50%） of 42 CTCs showed polyps or masses. Fifty-five of these subjects underwent a repeat colonoscopy, whereas 2 subjects underwent surgery for colonic masses of indeterminate nature. Four subjects refused further examinations. CTC correctly identified 2 colonic masses and 20 polyps. PPV for masses or polyps greater than 9 mm was of 87.5%. Per-lesion and per-segment PPV were, respectively, 83.3% and 83.3% for polyps greater or equal to 10 mm, and 77.8% and 85.7% for polyps of 6-9 mm. CONCLUSION： In the context of a screening program for CRC based on FOBT, CTC shows high per-segment and per-lesion PPV for colonic masses and polyps greater than 9 mm. Therefore, CTC has the potential to become a useful technique for evaluation of the non visualized part of the colon after incomplete colonoscopy.

关键词： Computed tomography colonography Virtual colonoscopy Incomplete colonoscopy Positive faecal occult blood test Colorectal cancer screening

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Pharmacogenetics of the systemic treatment in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第29期25卷 3870-3896页

作者： Elena De Mattia Erika Cecchin Michela Guardascione Luisa Foltran Tania Di Raimo Francesco Angelini mario D’andrea Giuseppe Toffoli Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS Aviano (PN) 33081 Italy Department of Medical Oncology Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS Aviano (PN) 33081 Italy Medical Oncology and Anatomic Pathology Unit “San Filippo Neri Hospital” Rome 00135 Italy Department of Oncology “San Filippo Neri Hospital” Rome 00135 Italy

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for the majority of primary liver cancers. To date, most patients with HCC are diagnosed at an advanced tumor stage, excluding them from potentially curative therapies (i.e., resection, liver transplantation, percutaneous ablation). Treatments with palliative intent include chemoembolization and systemic therapy. Among systemic treatments, the small-molecule multikinase inhibitor sorafenib has been the only systemic treatment available for advanced HCC over 10 years. More recently, other smallmolecule multikinase inhibitors (e.g., regorafenib, lenvatinib, cabozantinib) have been approved for HCC treatment. The promising immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., nivolumab, pembrolizumab) are still under investigation in Europe while in the US nivolumab has already been approved by FDA in sorafenib refractory or resistant patients. Other molecules, such as the selective CDK4/6inhibitors (e.g., palbociclib, ribociclib), are in earlier stages of clinical development, and the c- MET inhibitor tivantinib did not show positive results in a phase III study. However, even if the introduction of targeted agents has led to great advances in patient response and survival with an acceptable toxicity profile, a remarkable inter-individual heterogeneity in therapy outcome persists and constitutes a significant problem in disease management. Thus, the identification of biomarkers that predict which patients will benefit from a specific intervention could significantly affect decision-making and therapy planning. Germ-line variants have been suggested to play an important role in determining outcomes of HCC systemic therapy in terms of both toxicity and treatment efficacy. Particularly, a number of studies have focused on the role of genetic polymorphisms impacting the drug metabolic pathway and membrane translocation as well as the drug mechanism of action as predictive/prognostic markers of HCC treatment. The aim of this review is to summarize and

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Pharmacogenetics Genetic markers Sorafenib Regorafenib Immune checkpoint inhibitors Cytochromes UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1A

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Study of geometric parameters for the design of short intakes with fan modelling

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第11期35卷 18-32页

作者： andrea MAGRINI Ernesto BENINI Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitá degli Studi di PadovaPadova 35131Italy

The flow over a short intake is characterised by a strong interaction with the fan, that can only be captured when the rotor blades are modelled in the numerical simulations. In this paper, we use a coupled methodology to derive indications about relevant geometric variables affecting the high-incidence operation of an ultra-high bypass ratio turbofan intake with a length-to-diameter ratio of 0.35. By reproducing the effect of the fan through a body force model, we carry out a parametric study of the influence of the contraction ratio and the scarf angle at take-off conditions for a grid of 28 different three-dimensional shapes. The analysis of the selected performance metrics distributions at three angles of attack of 16., 24., and 28. reveals that a contraction ratio higher than 1.20 is needed to avoid separation at high incidence. While for an attached inlet the best performance is found with a moderate scarf angle, in presence of a developed separation the distortion level reduces as the scarf decreases up to negative values. We discuss the correspondence between the distortion indexes and the flow field, highlighting the origin of the detachment for the different geometries, according to the operating condition, and analysing the fan operation in the most distorted case. Finally, we assess the influence of modelling the rotor in the simulations, showing that its suppression effect on the separation at a given incidence depends on the intake geometric features.

关键词： Body force method Coupled methods Fan/intake interaction Nacelle aerodynamics Short intake UHBPR

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Candidate Biomarkers of Liver Fibrosis: A Concise, Pathophysiology-oriented Review

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2018年第3期6卷 317-325页

作者： Mattia Bellan Luigi mario Castello mario Pirisi Department of Translational Medicine Universita del Piemonte Orientale UPONovaraItaly Division of Internal Medicine “Sant'Andrea Hospital”VercelliItaly IRCAD Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune DiseasesNovaraItaly Emergency Medicine Department “AOU Maggiore della Carita”NovaraItaly Division of Internal Medicine “AOU Maggiore della Carita”NovaraItaly

Repair of sustained liver injury results in fibrosis(*** accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins),and ultimately the complete distortion of parenchymal architecture of the liver,which we call *** and staging of fibrosis is thus a mainstay in the management of chronic liver diseases,since many clinically relevant decisions,such as starting treatment and/or monitoring for complications including hepatocellular carcinoma,may depend on *** gold standard for fibrosis staging is liver biopsy,the role of which,however,is questioned nowadays because of cost,hazards and poor acceptance by *** the other hand,imaging techniques and/or measurement of direct and indirect serum markers have not proved to be completely satisfactory under all circumstances as alternatives to liver *** progress in this field is nowmore crucial than ever,since treatments for established fibrosis appear on the *** dissection of the pathways involved in the pathophysiology of liver diseases has put forward several novel candidate biomarkers of liver fibrosis,such as growth arrest-specific6,Mac-2-binding protein,osteopontin,placental growth factor,growth/differentiation factor 15 and hepatocyte growth *** molecules have been suggested to have potential to complement or substitute methods currently used to stage liver ***,we review the pros and cons for their use in this setting.

关键词： Liver fibrosis Staging Biomarkers Gas6 HGF PlGF

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Super-light baryo-photons, weak gravity conjecture and exotic instantons in neutron-antineutron transitions

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Chinese Physics C 2018年第5期42卷 35-41页

作者： andrea Addazi Center for Field Theory and Particle Physics & Department of Physics Fudan University

In companion papers(A. Addazi, Nuovo Cim. C, 38(1): 21(2015); A. Addazi, Z. Berezhiani, and Y. Kamyshkov, ar Xiv:1607.00348), we have discussed current bounds on a new super-light baryo-photon, associated with a U(1)B-L gauge, from current neutron-antineutron data, which are competitive with E¨otv¨os-type ***, we discuss the implications of possible baryo-photon detection in string theory and quantum gravity. The discovery of a very light gauge boson should imply violation of the weak gravity conjecture, carrying deep consequences for our understanding of holography, quantum gravity and black holes. We also show how the detection of a baryophoton would exclude the generation of all B-L violating operators from exotic stringy instantons. We will argue against the common statement in the literature that neutron-antineutron data may indirectly test at least the 300-1000 Te V scale. Searches for baryo-photons can provide indirect information on the Planck(or string) scale(quantum black holes, holography and non-perturbative stringy effects). This strongly motivates new neutron-antineutron experiments with adjustable magnetic fields dedicated to the detection of super-light baryo-photons.

关键词： neutron-antineutron baryon and lepton violations string phenomenology

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The risk of bleeding of triple therapy with vitamin K-antagonists,aspirin and clopidogrel after coronary stent implantation:Facts and questions

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2011年第4期8卷 207-214页

作者： andrea Rubboli Division of Cardiology and Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Ospedale Maggiore40133 BolognaItaly

Background Triple therapy(TT)with vitamin K-antagonists(VKA),aspirin and clopidogrel is the recommended antithrombotic treatment following percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation(PCI-S)in patients with an indication for oral *** is associated with an increased risk of bleeding,but available evidence is flawed by important limitations,including the limited size and the retrospective design of most of the studies,as well as the rare reporting of the incidence of in-hospital bleeding and the treatment which was actually ongoing at the time of *** the perceived high bleeding risk of TT may deny patients effective strategies,the determination of the true safety profile of TT is of paramount *** All the 27 published studies where the incidence of bleeding at various time points during follow-up has been reported separately for patients on TT were reviewed,and the weakness of the data was *** The absolute incidence of major bleeding upon discharge at in-hospital,≤1 month,6 months,12 months and≥12 months was:3.3%±1.9%,5.1%±6.7%,8.0%±5.2%,9.0%±8.0,and 6.2%±7.8%,respectively,and not substantially different from that observed in previous studies with prolonged dual antiplatelet treatment with aspirin and *** While waiting for the ongoing,large-scale,registries and clinical trials to clarify the few facts and to answer the many questions regarding the risk of bleeding of TT,this treatment should not be denied to patients with an indication for VKA undergoing PCI-S provided that the proper measures and cautions are implemented.

关键词： percutaneous coronary intervention stent bleeding oral anticoagulation vitamin K antagonists aspirin clopidogrel

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Variational Analysis of Toda Systems(To Ham with admiration and gratitude)

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2017年第2期38卷 539-562页

作者： andrea malchiodi Scuola Normale Superiore Piazza dei Cavalieri 750126 PisaItaly

The author surveys some recent progress on the Toda system on a twodimensional surface Σ, arising in models from self-dual non-abelian Chern-Simons vortices,as well as in differential geometry. In particular, its var... 详细信息

关键词： Geometric PDEs, Variational methods, Min-max schemes

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Theory of light sail acceleration by intense lasers:an overview

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2014年第2期2卷 1-6页

作者： andrea Macchi National Institute of Optics National Research Council (CNR/INO) Research Unit ‘Adriano Gozzini’Department of Physics ‘Enrico Fermi’ University of Pisa largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3 I-56127 Pisa Italy

A short overview of the theory of acceleration of thin foils driven by the radiation pressure of superintense lasers is presented. A simple criterion for radiation pressure dominance at intensities around 5×1020W cm-... 详细信息

关键词： light sail radiation pressure laser–plasma acceleration of electrons and ions laser-driven acceleration

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Chromosome Scale Genome Assembly andTranscriptome Profiling of Nannochloropsisgaditana in Nitrogen Depletion

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Molecular Plant 2014年第2期7卷 323-335页

作者： Elisa Corteggiani Carpinelli andrea Telatin Nicola Vitulo Claudio Forcato Michela D’Angelo Riccardo Schiavon Alessandro Vezzi Giorgio mario Giacometti Tomas Morosinotto Giorgio Valle CRIBI Biotechnology Centre University of Padua Padua 35121 Italy Department of Biology University of Padua Padua 35121 Italy

Nannochloropsis is rapidly emerging as a model organism for the study of biofuel production in ***, we report a high-quality genomic assembly of Nannochloropsis gaditana, consisting of large contigs, up to 500 kbplong, and scaffolds that in most cases span the entire length of the chromosomes. We identified 10646 complete genesand characterized possible alternative transcripts. The annotation of the predicted genes and the analysis of cellular pro-cesses revealed traits relevant for the genetic improvement of this organism such as genes involved in DNA recombina-tion, RNA silencing, and cell wall synthesis. We also analyzed the modification of the transcriptional profile in nitrogendeficiencyma condition known to stimulate lipid accumulation. While the content of lipids increased, we did not detectmajor changes in expression of the genes involved in their biosynthesis. At the same time, we observed a very signifi-cant down-regulation of mitochondrial gene expression, suggesting that part of the AcetyI-CoA and NAD（P）H, normallyoxidized through the mitochondrial respiration, would be made available for fatty acids synthesis, increasing the fluxthrough the lipid biosynthetic pathway. Finally, we released an information resource of the genomic data of IV. gaditana,available online at ***.

关键词： Nannochloropsis lipids biofuel genome transcriptome de novo assembly SOLiD nitrogen deprivation chromosomes telomeres

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Nano albumin bound-paclitaxel in pancreatic cancer: Current evidences and future directions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第32期23卷 5875-5886页

作者： Guido Giordano Massimo Pancione Nunzio Olivieri Pietro Parcesepe Marianna Velocci Tania Di Raimo Luigi Coppola Giuseppe Toffoli mario Rosario D’andrea Medical Oncology Unit San Filippo Neri Hospital CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute Department of Sciences and Technologies University of Sannio Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II Faculty of PharmacyComplutense University Department of Biology University of Naples Department of Pathology and Diagnostics University of Verona Strada Anatomic Pathology Unit San Filippo Neri00135 RomaItaly Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit CRO-National Cancer Institute Via F

Pancreatic cancer(PDAC) is an aggressive and chemoresistant disease, representing the fourth cause of cancer related deaths in western countries. Majority of patients have unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic disease at time of diagnosis and the 5-year survival rate in these conditions is extremely low. For more than a decade gemcitabine has been the cornerstone of metastatic PDAC treatment, although survival benefit was very poor. PDAC cells are surrounded by an intense desmoplastic reaction that may create a barrier to the drugs penetration within the tumor. Recently PDAC stroma has been addressed as a potential therapeutic target. Nano albumin bound(Nab)-paclitaxel is an innovative molecule depleting tumor stroma, through interaction between albumin and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine. Addition of nab-paclitaxel to gemcitabine has showed activity and efficacy in metastatic PDAC first-line treatment improving survival and overall response rate vs gemcitabine alone in the MPACT phase Ⅲ study. This combination represents one of the standards of care in advanced PDAC therapy and is suitable to a broader spectrum of patients compared to other schedules. Nab-paclitaxel is under investigation as a backbone of chemotherapy in novel combinations with target agents or immunotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic PDAC. In this article, we provide an updated and critical overview about the role of nab-paclitaxel in PDAC treatment based on the latest advances in preclinical and clinical research. Furthermore, we focus on the use of nab-paclitaxel within the context of metastatic PDAC treatment landscape and we discuss about future implications in the light of current clinical ongoing trials.

关键词： Nano albumin bound-paclitaxel Pancreatic cancer Metastatic disease Gemcitabine Folfirinox

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