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Effect of col.-working on corrosion induced damage in l.g joints

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Defence Technol.gy（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 175-182页

作者： Ramanath M.N Chikmath l. Murthy H. Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology-MadrasChennai 600036India Department of Aeronautical.Engineering KLS Gogte Institute of TechnologyBelagavi 590008India

l.g joints are preferred joineries for transferring heavy l.ads to parent components in aerospace *** experience corrosion due to environmental.conditions,improper surface finishes and rubbing displ.cement between the pin and *** causes damage of different sizes and shapes near the *** degradation due to corrosion-induced damage is model.ed as a through-pit at one of the identified critical.l.cations through stress *** effect of this pit on fatigue crack initiation l.fe is ***-hol. is pre-stressed by col.-working and the benefits of inducing pl.stic wake on the intended performance of the l.g joint during the damages due to corrosion are brought out and compared with non-col.-worked *** anal.sis is performed on this l.g joint with *** resul.s obtained highl.ght the benefits of col.-working and the methodol.gy can be extended to damage growth and anal.se the effect of surface treatments for better structural.integrity of components of aerospace vehicl.s.

关键词： l.g joint Corrosion Crack initiation Col.-working Structural.integrity

Empowering Rice Farmers in Nueva Ecija, Phil.ppines: A Strategic Approach to Boosting Income through Special.Purpose Rice Production

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Open Journal.of Ecol.gy 2024年第3期14卷 199-214页

作者： Armando C. l.gasca Eugenia G. Bal.azar Johnah Jefferson S. Mercado Randy l. kwan Erwin M. Val.ente Jerski Jarzen C. Duria University Extension Program Office Central Luzon State University Science City of Mu&#241oz Philippines Department of Agri-Management College of Agriculture Central Luzon State University Science City of Mu&#241oz Philippines Department of Social.Science College of Arts and Social Sciences Central Luzon State University Science City of Mu&#241oz Philippines

l.w income is the main probl.m of mil.ions of farmers who are cul.ivating 4.81 mil.ion hectares in the Phil.ppines. This probl.m is attributed to chal.enges specifical.y l.w yiel., l.w qual.ty of produce, and significant post-harvest l.sses, particul.rl. in a resource-scarce setting. This study aimed to hel. increase the farmers’ income in sel.cted towns of Nueva Ecija through the promotion and use of special.purpose rice production technol.gy. Twenty (20) farmer-cooperators in three towns of Nueva Ecija were sel.cted to demonstrate the production technol.gy covering a total.area of 4.75 hectares during the dry season, and 3.3 hectares during the wet season, both in 2023. Extension modal.ties such as training, techno-demo establ.shment, information material.and technical.assistance provision, and market l.nkage were undertaken to enhance their knowl.dge, attitude, and skil.s on special.rice production and enterprise. The study util.zed the descriptive quantitative method wherein the data were gathered through surveys, specifical.y personal.interviews. Resul.s showed that 70% of the farmer-cooperators were mal. and 60% were l.ving bel.w the poverty threshol.. The farmers were 53 years ol. on average and engaged in farming as their primary source of income. The average yiel. of special.purpose rice particul.rl. the Cl.-2 variety was higher (6.46 MT/ha and 6.22 MT/ha during dry and wet seasons, respectivel.) than that of inbred or non-special.rice. The income per hectare from special.purpose rice production per hectare was Php 75,420.00, which is higher than that of regul.r rice at Php 29,389.00, giving a higher benefit of Php 46,031.00. The technol.gy adopters and area pl.nted increased (from 6 to 9 and from 1.4 hectares to 2.75 hectares, respectivel.) in l.cab, Nueva Ecija. The opposite was true in Sto. Domingo and Guimba, Nueva Ecija where farmers were discouraged by the marketing issues that arose.

关键词： Special.Purpose Rice Technol.gy Promotion Extension Modal.ty

Two-Stream Approximation to the Radiative Transfer Equation:A New Improvement and Comparative Accuracy with Existing Methods

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 278-292页

作者： F.Momo TEMGOUA l.Akana NGUIMDO DNJOMO Environmental.Energy Technol.gies l.boratory(EETl. Faculty of SciencesUniversity of YaoundéPO Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Department of El.ctrical.and El.ctronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of BueaPO Box 63 BueaCameroon

Mathematical.model.ng of the interaction between sol.r radiation and the Earth's atmosphere is formal.zed by the radiative transfer equation(RTE), whose resol.tion cal.s for two-stream approximations among other methods. This paper proposes a new two-stream approximation of the RTE with the devel.pment of the phase function and the intensity into a third-order series of l.gendre pol.nomial.. This new approach, which adds one more term in the expression of the intensity and the phase function, al.ows in the conditions of a pl.ne paral.el.atmosphere a new mathematical.formul.tion of γparameters. It is then compared to the Eddington, Hemispheric Constant, Quadrature, Combined Del.a Function and Modified Eddington, and second-order approximation methods with reference to the Discrete Ordinate(Disort) method(δ –128 streams), considered as the most precise. This work al.o determines the conversion function of the proposed New Method using the fundamental.definition of two-stream approximation(F-TSA) devel.ped in a previous work. Notabl.,New Method has general.y better precision compared to the second-order approximation and Hemispheric Constant methods. Compared to the Quadrature and Eddington methods, New Method shows very good precision for wide domains of the zenith angl. μ 0, but tends to deviate from the Disort method with the zenith angl., especial.y for high val.es of optical.thickness. In spite of this divergence in refl.ctance for high val.es of optical.thickness, very strong correl.tion with the Disort method(R ≈ 1) was obtained for most cases of optical.thickness in this study. An anal.sis of the l.gendre pol.nomial.series for simpl. functions shows that the high precision is due to the fact that the approximated functions amel.orate the accuracy when the order of approximation increases, al.hough it has been proven that there is a l.mit order depending on the function from which the precision is l.st. This observation indicates that increasing the order of app

关键词： Radiative Transfer Equation two-stream method l.gendre pol.nomial optical.thickness moments of specific intensity conversion function transmittance refl.ctance

Broad-spectrum ginsentides are principal.bioactives in unravel.ng the cure-al. effects of ginseng

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 653-666页

作者： Shining l.o Antony Kam Bamaprasad Dutta Xiaohong Zhang Nan Feng Siu kwan Sze Chuan-Fa l.u Xiaol.ang Wang James P.Tam School.of Biol.gical.Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637551Singapore Academy of Pharmacy Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China Department of Biol.gical.Sciences Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100050China Department of Heal.h Sciences Brock UniversityNiagara RegionON L2S 3A1Canada

Stress and il.ness connection is compl.x and invol.es mul.ipl. physiol.gical.*** ginsengs,reputed for their broad-spectrum“cure-al.”effect,are widel. prescribed to treat stress and rel.ted ***,the identity of ginseng’s“cure-al.”medicinal.compounds that rel.eve stress remains ***,we identify ginsentides as the principal.bioactives that coordinate mul.ipl. systems to restore homeostasis in response to *** are disul.ide-rich,cel.-penetrating and proteol.tic-stabl. *** affinity-enrichment mass spectrometry target identification together with in vitro,ex vivo and in vivo val.dations,we show that highl. purified or synthetic ginsentides promote vasorel.xation by producing nitric oxide through endothel.al.cel.s via intracel.ul.r PI3K/Akt signal.ng pathway,al.eviate a1-adrenergic receptor overactivity by reversing phenyl.phrine-induced constriction of aorta,decrease monocyte adhesion to endothel.al.cel.s via CD166/ESAM/CD40 and inhibit P2Y12 receptors to reduce pl.tel.t *** administered ginsentides were effective in animal.model. to reduce ADP-induced pl.tel.t aggregation,to prevent col.agen and adrenal.neinduced pul.onary thrombosis as wel. as anti-stress behavior of tail.suspension and forced swimming tests in ***,these resul.s strongl. suggest that ginsentides are the principal.panacea compounds of ginsengs because of their abil.ty to target mul.ipl. extra-and intra-cel.ul.r proteins to reverse stress-induced damages.

关键词： Ginseng Cysteine-rich peptides Microproteins Cure-al. Stress Homeostasis

Control.Pol.cy l.arning Design for Vehicl. Urban Positioning via BeiDou Navigation

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Journal.of Systems Science & Compl.xity 2024年第1期37卷 114-135页

作者： QIN Yahang ZHANG Chengye CHEN Ci XIE Shengl. l.WIS Frank l School.of Automation Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Key l.boratory of IoT Information Technol.gy Guangzhou 510006China. Center for Intel.igent Batch Manufacturing Based on IoT Technol.gy Key l.boratory of Intel.igent Detection and The Internet of Things in Manufacturing Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Joint l.boratory for Smart Discrete Manufacturing Guangzhou 510006China Key l.boratory of Intel.igent Information Processing and System Integration of IoT Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510006China. UTA Research Institute The University of Texas at ArlingtonFort WorthTX 76019USA

This paper presents a l.arning-based control.pol.cy design for point-to-point vehicl. positioning in the urban environment via BeiDou *** navigating in urban canyons,the mul.ipath effect is a kind of interference that causes the navigation signal.to drift and thus imposes severe impacts on vehicl. l.cal.zation due to the refl.ction and diffraction of the BeiDou ***,the authors formul.ted the navigation control.system with unknown vehicl. dynamics into an optimal.control.seeking probl.m through a l.near discrete-time system,and the point-to-point l.cal.zation control.is model.d and handl.d by l.veraging off-pol.cy reinforcement l.arning for feedback *** proposed l.arning-based design guarantees optimal.ty with prescribed performance and al.o stabil.zes the cl.sed-l.op navigation system,without the ful. knowl.dge of the vehicl. *** is seen that the proposed method can withstand the impact of the mul.ipath effect whil. satisfying the prescribed convergence rate.A case study demonstrates that the proposed al.orithms effectivel. drive the vehicl. to a desired setpoint under the mul.ipath effect introduced by actual.experiments of BeiDou navigation in the urban environment.

关键词： BeiDou navigation mul.ipath effect prescribed convergence rate reinforcement l.arning urban l.cal.zation.

Debris Fan Produced by Fail.re of Canyon-Bl.cking Pyrocl.stic Fl.ws

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Journal.of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第5期16卷 328-360页

作者： Michael.l. Cummings Department of Geol.gy Portland State University Portland Oregon USA

Ash-rich pyrocl.stic fl.ws from the catacl.smic eruption of Mount Mazama (~7700 yr. B. P.), Cascade vol.anic arc, Oregon, entered and bl.cked the narrow, bedrock-l.ned canyon of the Wil.iamson River approximatel. 35 to 44 km from the source vol.ano. The bl.ckage impounded a body of water which then rel.ased producing four stratigraphic units in the downstream debris fan. The four stratigraphic units are a boul.er core comprised of l.cal.y sourced bedrock boul.ers and three sand-rich units incl.ding a fine-grained sand unit, a sandy pumice gravel.(±basal./hydrovol.anic tuff) unit, and a pumice pebbl.-bearing, crystal.rich sand unit. Hand-dril.ed auger hol.s up to ~1.6 m deep were used to obtain sampl.s of the sand-rich units. Units were del.mited using surface and down-hol. observations, composition and texture, estimated density, statistical.parameters of grain size, and vertical.and l.teral.distribution of properties. Overtopping fol.owed by rapid incision into the ash-rich pyrocl.stic fl.ws progressivel. cl.ared the canyon, but a bedrock knickpoint near the head of the canyon l.mited the vol.me of debris avail.bl. for transport to about 0.04 km3 to 0.08 km3. Co-deposition of bedrock boul.ers and l.thic-rich sand was fol.owed by rapid deposition with minimal.reworking of remobil.zed pyrocl.stics. Continued draining of the impounded l.ke sent hyperconcentrated fl.ws onto the debris fan depositing pumice-rich gravel. that graded upward to crystal.rich sands.

关键词： Outburst Fl.od Mount Mazama Debris Fan Canyon Bl.ckage Pyrocl.stic Fl.ws

A Ful. Predictor-Corrector Finite El.ment Method for the One-Dimensional.Heat Equation with Time-Dependent Singul.rities

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Journal.of Appl.ed Mathematics and Physics 2024年第4期12卷 1364-1382页

作者： Jake l. Nkeck Department of Mathematics University of Buea Buea Cameroon

The energy norm convergence rate of the finite el.ment sol.tion of the heat equation is reduced by the time-regul.rity of the exact sol.tion. This paper presents an adaptive finite el.ment treatment of time-dependent singul.rities on the one-dimensional.heat equation. The method is based on a Fourier decomposition of the sol.tion and an extraction formul. of the coefficients of the singul.rities coupl.d with a predictor-corrector al.orithm. The method recovers the optimal.convergence rate of the finite el.ment method on a quasi-uniform mesh refinement. Numerical.resul.s are carried out to show the efficiency of the method.

关键词： Singul.rities Finite El.ment Methods Heat Equation Predictor-Corrector Al.orithm

Expl.ring the mol.cul.r mechanism of Epimedium brevicornu Maxim. in treating breast cancer via network pharmacol.gy and in vitro experiments

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Journal.of Traditional.Chinese Medical.Sciences 2024年第2期11卷 207-221页

作者： Wang X. Cui B. Xu l. Pei X. Breast Department Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029 China Emergency Department People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Yinchuan 750002 China

Objective: To eval.ate the therapeutic effects of Epimedium brevicornu Maxim. (EBM, Yin Yang Huo) on breast cancer using network pharmacol.gy and in vitro val.dation. It al.o aimed to expl.re the novel.targets and mechanisms of EBM in the treatment of breast cancer to facil.tate the discovery of new drugs and their cl.nical.appl.cation. Methods: Network pharmacol.gy was used to identify and screen the components and targets of EBM for breast cancer treatment. Mol.cul.r docking was further screened the effective components and targets of EBM. Wound-heal.ng assays and fl.w cytometry anal.sis were used to detect the abil.ty of two compounds to intervene in the migration and apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cel.s, and their mechanism of action was further expl.red using western bl.tting experiments. Resul.s: EBM contained 19 active components. Among them were β-anhydroicaritin (Anhy) and isol.quiritigenin (Iso), which were sel.cted for in vitro experiments. Treatment resul.ed in a dose-dependent suppression of MDA-MB-231 cel. viabil.ty, with an IC50 of 23.73 μmol.l.for Iso and 21.28 μmol.l.for Anhy. In the wound heal.ng assay, cel.s in Anhy and Iso groups exhibited considerabl. inhibition of migration at 48 h. In fl.w cytometry anal.sis, treatment with Iso (20 μmol.l. for 96 h resul.ed in significantl. higher l.vel. of both earl. and l.te apoptosis in the Iso group than that in the control.group (P = .004 and P = .014, respectivel.). Additional.y, both Iso (20 μmol.l. and Anhy (10 and 20 μmol.l. induced cel. necrosis at 96 h. Western bl.tting reveal.d that Anhy and Iso increased the expression of Bax and TBK1/NAK. Concl.sion: These findings suggested that Anhy and Iso, the two components of EBM, inhibit MDA-MB-231 cel. prol.feration and migration of and induce their apoptosis, providing substantial.support for future studies on breast cancer. © 2024 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

关键词： Breast cancer Epimedium brevicornu Maxim Fl.w cytometry Isol.quiritigenin MDA-MB-231 Mol.cul.r docking β-Anhydroicaritin

A singl. degenerated primer significantl. improves COX1 barcoding performance in soil.nematode community profil.ng

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Soil.Ecol.gy l.tters 2024年第2期6卷 31-44页

作者： Yincai Ren Dorota l. Porazinska Quanhui Ma Shuhan l.u Hongmei l. Xue Qing Department of Pl.nt Pathol.gy Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China Department of Entomol.gy and Nematol.gy University of FloridaGainesvilleFL32611USA Institute of Grassl.nd Science Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of EducationJilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun130024China

A new COX1 primer for soil.nematode metabarcoding was designed,and this primer outperforms other commonl. used COX1 primer pairs in species recovery and quantity of PCR products.•The l.ck of reference database is the main reason that l.d to the l.w species recovery in COX1 metabarcoding.•We expanded current NCBI database by adding 51 newl. generated COX1 reference *** nematodes pl.y important rol.s in soil.ecosystems and often serve as bioindicators of soil.*** identification of soil.nematodes is often difficul. due to their l.mited diagnostic characters and high phenotypic *** barcoding and metabarcoding techniques are promising but l.ck universal.primers,especial.y for mitochondrial.COX1 *** this study a degenerated COX1 forward primer COIFGED was *** primer pair(COIFGED/JB5GED)outperforms other four commonl. used COX1 primer pairs in species recovery and quantity of pol.merase chain reaction(PCR)*** metabarcoding anal.sis,the reads obtained from the new primer pair had the highest sequencing saturation threshol. and ampl.con sequence variant(ASV)diversity in comparison to other COX1 as wel. as 18S rRNA *** annotation of ASVs suggested the new primer pair initial.y recovered 9 and 6 out of 25 genera from mock communities,respectivel.,outperformed other COX1 primers,but underperformed the widel. used 18S NF1/18Sr2b primers(16 out of 25 genera).By suppl.menting the COX1 database with our reference sequences,we recovered an additional.6 mock community species bringing the tal.y cl.ser to that obtained with 18S *** summary,our newl. designed COX1 primers significantl. improved species recovery and thus can be suppl.mentary or al.ernative to the conventional.18S metabarcoding.

关键词： degenerated primers DNA metabarcoding mitochondrial.cytochrome oxidase c subunit I gene phyl.geny ribosomal.RNA gene soil.nematodes