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Investigating the effects of peptide-based,MOS and protease feed additives on the growth performance and fecal microbial composition of weaned pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1469-1482页

作者： Prakash Poudel Ryan Samuel Crystal Levesque Benoit st-pierre Himalayan Pet Foods MukilteoWashington 98275USA Department of Animal Science South Dakota State UniversityAnimal Science ComplexBox 2170BrookingsSD 57007USA

Background:Digestive disorders in weaning pigs remain a major challenge for swine *** types of commercial feed additives have been developed to promote gut health and development in young pigs,but their effects on resident gut microbial communities remain largely *** aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a peptide-based product(Peptiva)in combination with mannose oligosaccharides(MOS)and an exogenous protease on the performance and fecal microbiome of nursery ***:A total of 1097 weaned pigs were divided into 44 pens(24-26 pigs/pen)with each pen randomly assigned to one of four experimental diets as part of Phase Ⅱ and Phase Ⅲ of a standard nursery phase feeding *** samples collected from representative control and treatment pigs were used to investigate bacterial composition profiles by high throughput sequencing of PCR-generated amplicons targeting the V1-V3 region of the 16S rRNA ***:Higher gain:feed was observed for pigs fed Peptiva and MOS compared to Controls during the period when experimental diets were fed,but the benefits of supplementation were not maintained after pigs were transitioned to a non-supplemented *** candidate bacterial species,identified as Operational Taxonomic Units(OTUs),were found to have significantly different abundances between control samples and treatment samples during the same *** Phase Ⅲ samples,SD_Ssd-00039,predicted to be a strain of streptococcus alactolyticus based on nucleotide sequence identity,was the most highly represented of these OTUs with an average abundance in pigs fed Peptiva,MOS and protease that was 3.9 times higher than in *** report also presents evidence of microbial succession that occurred during the trial,with 16 of the 32 most abundant OTUs found to vary between Phase Ⅱ and Phase Ⅲ samples for the same dietary ***:Dietary supplementation with a combination of a peptide-based product,MOS,and protease in

关键词： Bacteria Gut Microbiome MOS Peptide Protease Swine Weaning

Use of antibiotics in broiler production:Global impacts and alternatives

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第2期4卷 170-178页

作者： Youcef Mehdi marie-pierre Létourneau-Montminy marie-Lou Gaucher Younes Chorfi Gayatri Suresh Tarek Rouissi Satinder Kaur Brar Caroline Cté Antonio Avalos Ramirez stéphane Godbout Université Laval Faculté des sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation Institut de Recherche et de Développement en Agroenvironnement Université de Montréal Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire Institut National de Recherche Scientifique Centre National en électrochimie et en Technologies Environnementales

Antibiotics are used to fight bacterial ***, a selective pressure gave rise to bacteria resistant to *** leaves scientists worried about the danger to human and animal *** strategies can be borrowed to reduce the use of antibiotics in chicken *** research has been carried out to look for natural agents with similar beneficial effects of growth *** aim of these alternatives is to maintain a low mortality rate, a good level of animal yield while preserving environment and consumer *** these, the most popular are probiotics, prebiotics, enzymes,organic acids, immunostimulants, bacteriocins, bacteriophages, phytogenic feed additives, phytoncides,nanoparticles and essential oils.

关键词： Broiler chicken Antibiotic Probiotic Prebiotic Enzyme Essential oil

3D models of dilated cardiomyopathy:Shaping the chemical,physical and topographical properties of biomaterials to mimic the cardiac extracellular matrix

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第1期7卷 275-291页

作者： marie Camman pierre Joanne Onnik Agbulut Christophe Helary Sorbonne Universit´e CNRSUMR 7574Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matiere Condensee de Paris4 place Jussieu(case 174)F-75005ParisFrance Sorbonne Universite Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine(IBPS)CNRS UMR 8256Inserm ERL U1164Biological Adaptation and Ageing7 quai St-Bernard(case 256)F-75005ParisFrance

The pathophysiology of dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM),one major cause of heart failure,is characterized by the dilation of the heart but remains poorly understood because of the lack of adequate in vitro *** 2D models do not allow for the 3D organotypic organization of cardiomyocytes and do not reproduce the ECM *** this review,the different strategies to mimic the chemical,physical and topographical properties of the cardiac tissue affected by DCM are *** advantages and drawbacks of techniques generating anisotropy required for the cardiomyocytes alignment are *** addition,the different methods creating macroporosity and favoring organotypic organization are ***,the advances in the induced pluripotent stem cells technology to generate cardiac cells from healthy or DCM patients will be *** to the biomaterial design,some features of the DCM extracellular matrix such as stiffness,porosity,topography or chemical changes can impact the cardiomyocytes function in vitro and increase their *** mimicking the affected heart,both at the cellular and at the tissue level,3D models will enable a better understanding of the pathology and favor the discovery of novel therapies.

关键词： Biomaterials Dilated cardiomyopathies Induced pluripotent stem cells Porosity Anisotropy

Three-dimensional modelling of shear keys in concrete gravity dams using an advanced grillage method

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Water Science and Engineering 2020年第3期13卷 223-232页

作者： Mahdi Ben Ftima steephane Lafrance pierre Leeger Polytechnique Montreal Montreal University CampusMontrealH3C 3A7Canada

Contraction joint shear keys are resilient features of gravity dams that can be considered to increase the sliding safety factors or minimise seismic residual sliding displacements,allowing costly remedial actions to be *** paper presents a novel,robust,and computationally efficient three-dimensional(3D)modelling and simulation strategy of gravity dams,using a series of adjacent cantilever beam elements to represent individual *** monoliths are interconnected in the longitudinal direction by 3D no-tension link elements representing the lumped shear key stiffness contributions at a particular *** objective is to assess the shear key internal force demands,including the axial force,shear,and moment *** key demand-capacity ratios can then be assessed with related multi-axial failure *** 3D link element stiffness coefficients were derived from a series of 3D finite element(FE)solid models with a detailed representation of geometrical features of multiple shear *** results from the proposed method based on advanced grillage analysis show strong agreement with reference solutions from 3D FE solid models,demonstrating high accuracy and performance of the proposed *** application of the proposed advanced grillage method to a dam model with two monoliths clearly shows the advantage of the proposed method,in comparison to the classical approach used in practise.

关键词： Gravity dam Shear keys Seismic analysis Grillage analysis Finite element model Multi-scale approach

Ultrafast antiferromagnet rearrangement in Co/IrMn/CoGd trilayers

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第8期32卷 109-114页

作者：郭宗夏 Gregory Malinowski pierre Vallobra 彭懿许涌 stéphane Mangin 赵巍胜 Michel Hehn 张博宇 Fert Beijing Institute School of Integrated Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Universitéde Lorraine CNRSIJLNancy54011 France Hefei Innovation Research Institute Beihang UniversityHefei 230012China

Antiferromagnets offer great potential for high-speed data processing applications,as they can expend spintronic devices from a static storage and gigahertz frequency range to the terahertz ***,their zero net magnetization makes them difficult to manipulate and *** recent years,there has been a lot of attention given to the ultrafast manipulation of magnetic order using ultra-short single laser pulses,but it remains unknown whether a similar scenario can be observed in *** this work,we demonstrate the manipulation of antiferromagnets with a single femtosecond laser pulse in perpendicular exchange-biased Co/Ir Mn/Co Gd *** study the dual exchange bias interlayer interaction in quasi-static conditions and competition in ultrafast antiferromagnet *** results show that,compared to conventional ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic systems,the Ir Mn antiferromagnet can be ultrafast and efficiently manipulated by the coupled Co Gd ferrimagnetic layer,which paves the way for potential energy-efficient spintronic devices.

关键词： antiferromagnet ferrimagnet exchange bias all-optical switching

Diesel engine exhaust exposures in two underground mines

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第4期27卷 641-645页

作者： Debia Maximilien Couture Caroline Njanga pierre-Eric Neesham-Grenon Eve Lachapelle Guillaume Coulombe Hugo Hallé stéphane Aubin Simon Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public Health Universite de Montreal 2375 chemin de la Cote Ste-Catherine Montreal H3T IA8 Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering F.cole de Technologie Superieure 1100 rue Notre-Dame Ouest Montreal H3C 1K3 Canada Health and Safety Agnico Eagie Mines 145 King Street East Suite 400 Toronto MSC 2Y7 Canada Health and Safety Westwood Mine (IAMGOLD) Chemin Arthur Doyon PreissacJOY 2EO Canada Institut de recherche Robert-Sauve en sante et en securite du travail (IRSst) 505 Boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest Montreal H3A 3C2 Canada

Exposure to diesel engine exhaust(DE) is a major concern in underground mines. It has been linked to cardiopulmonary diseases and is classified as a human carcinogen. The goal of this study is to assess DE exposures in workers at two underground gold mines, to compare exposure levels within and between the mines, and to compare different methods of measuring DE exposures, namely respirable combustible dust(RCD), elemental carbon(EC) and total carbon(TC). Ambient and personal breathing zone(PBZ) measurements were taken. Side-by-side monitoring of RCD and of the respirable fraction of EC and TC(EC_Rand TC_R) was carried out in the workers' breathing zone during full-shift *** ambient measurements, in addition to EC_R, TC_Rand RCD, a submicron aerosol fraction(less than 1 mm) of EC and TC was also sampled(EC_1and TC_1). Average ambient results of 240 mg/m^3 in RCD, 150 mg/m^3 in EC_Rand 210 mg/m^3 in TC_Rare obtained. Average PBZ results of 190 mg/m^3 in RCD,84 mg/m^3 in EC3Rand 150 mg/min TC_Rare obtained. Very good correlation is found between EC_Rand EC_1 with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.99(p st exposures are reported for loadhaul-dump(LHD) and jumbo drill operators and conventional miners. Significant exposure differences are reported between mines for truck and LHD operators(p < 0.01). The average TC_R/EC_Rratio is 1.6 for PBZ results, and 1.3 for ambient results. The variability observed in the TC_R/EC_Rratio shows that interferences from non-diesel related organic carbon can skew the interpretation of results when relying only on TC data.

关键词： Diesel exposure Underground mine Respirable combustible dust Elemental carbon Total carbon Diesel particulate matter Similar exposure groups

Predictive factors of survival in patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy for squamous cell esophageal carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第26期12卷 4185-4190页

作者： Frédéric Di Fiore stéphane Lecleire Olivier Rigal marie-pierre Galais Emmanuel Ben Soussan Isabelle David Bernard Paillot Jacques-Henri Jacob pierre Michel Digestive Oncology Unit Hepatogastroenterology Department Rouen University HospitalFrance Digestive Oncology unit Francois Baclesse Centre CaenFrance Radiotherapy Department Henri Becquerel Centre RouenFrance

AIM： The aim of the study was to evaluate the predictive factors of survival in patients with locally advanced squamous cell esophageal carcinoma （LASCOC） treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy （CRT） regimen based on the 5FU/CDDP combination. METHODS： All patients with LASCOC treated with a definitive CRT using the 5FU/CDDP combination between 1994 and 2000 were retrospectively included. Clinical complete response （CCR） to CRT was assessed by esophageal endoscopy and C-F-scan 2 mo after CRT completion. Prognostic factors of survival were assessed using univariate and multivariate analysis by the Cox regression model. RESULTS： A total of 116 patients were included in the study. A CCR to CRT was observed in 86/116 （74.1%）. The median survival was 20 mo （range 2-114） and the 5-year survival was 9.4%. Median survival of responder patients to CRT was 25 mo （range 3-114） as compared to 9 mo （range 2-81） in non-responder patients （P 〈 0.001）. In univariate analysis, survival was associated with CCR （P 〈 0.001）, WHO performance status 〈 2 （P = 0.01）, tumour length 〈 6 cm （P = 0.045） and weight loss 〈 10% was in limit of significance （P = 0.053）. In multivariate analysis, survival was dependant to CCR （P 〈 0.0001）, weight loss 〈 10% （P = 0.034） and WHO performance 〈 2 （P = 0.046）. CONCLUSION： Our results suggest that survival in patients with LASCOC b＇eated with definitive CRT was correlated to CCR, weight loss and WHO performance status.

关键词： Definitive chemoradiotherapy Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Predictive factors

High frequency of CD34+CD38-/low immature leukemia cells is correlated with unfavorable prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia

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World Journal of stem Cells 2017年第12期9卷 227-234页

作者： Adriana Plesa Charles Dumontet Eve Mattei Ines Tagoug Sandrine Hayette pierre Sujobert Isabelle Tigaud marie pierre Pages Youcef Chelghoum Fiorenza Baracco Helene Labussierre Sophie Ducastelle Etienne Paubelle Franck Emmanuel Nicolini Mohamed Elhamri Lydia Campos Claudiu Plesa stéphane Morisset Gilles Salles Yves Bertrand Mauricette Michallet Xavier Thomas Laboratory of Hematology Lyon-Sud HospitalHospices Civils de Lyon CRCL INSERM 1052/CNRS 5286 Department of Hematology Hospices Civils de Lyon Laboratory of Hematology Nord Hospital statistical and Clinical Research Lyon-Sud HospitalHospices Civils de Lyon Department of Pediatric Hematology and BMT IHOP Lyon

AIM To evaluate the importance of the CD34+CD38-cell population when compared to the CD34+CD38+/low and CD34+CD38+/high leukemic cell sub-populations and to determine its correlations with leukemia characteristics and known prognostic factors, as well as with response to therapy and *** Two hundred bone marrow samples were obtained at diagnosis from 200 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia(AML) were studied between September 2008 and December 2010 at our Institution(Hematology Department, Lyon, France). The CD34/CD38 cell profile was analyzed by multiparameter flowcytometry approach using 8 C panels and FACS CANTO and Diva software(BD Bioscience).RESULTS We analyzed CD34 and CD38 expression in bone marrow samples of 200 AML patients at diagnosis, and investigated the prognostic value of the most immature CD34+CD38-population. Using a cut-off value of 1% of CD34+CD38-from total "bulk leukemic cells" we found that a high(> 1%) level of CD34+CD38-blasts at diagnosis was correlated with advanced age, adverse cytogenetics as well as with a lower rate of complete response after induction and shorter disease-free survival. In a multivariate analysis considering age, leukocytosis, the % of CD34+ blasts cells and the standardized cytogenetic and molecular risk subgroups, a percentage of CD34+CD38-leukemic cells > 1% was an independent predictor of DFS [HR = 2.8(1.02-7.73), P = 0.04] and OS [HR = 2.65(1.09-6.43), P = 0.03].CONCLUSION Taken together, these results show that a CD34/CD38 "backbone" for leukemic cell analysis by multicolour flowcytometry at diagnosis provides useful prognostic information.

关键词： CD34+CD38-/low Immunophenotyping Leukemic stem cells Acute myeloid leukemia Prognosis

小胶质细胞控制成年小鼠海马中的谷氨酸能突触

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神经损伤与功能重建 2021年第10期16卷 F0003-F0003页

作者： Bernadette Basilico Laura Ferrucci Patrizia Ratano Maria T Golia Alfonso Grimaldi Maria Rosito Valentina Ferretti Ingrid Reverte Caterina Sanchini Maria C Marrone Maria Giubettini Valeria De Turris Debora Salerno stefano Garofalo marie-kim st-pierre Micael Carrier Massimiliano Renzi Francesca Pagani Brijesh Modi Marcello Raspa Ferdinando Scavizzi Cornelius T Gross Silvia Marinelli marie-Ève Tremblay Daniele Caprioli Laura Maggi Cristina Limatola Silvia Di Angelantonio Davide Ragozzino Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly. Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology Inflammaging Unit IRCCS NeuromedMediterranean Neurological InstitutePozzilliISItaly. Center for Life Nano-and Neuro-science Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaRomeItaly. Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie“Charles Darwin” Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly. Santa Lucia Foundation(IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia) RomeItaly. European Brain Research Institute(EBRI)‘Rita Levi-Montalcini’ RomeItaly. CrestOptics S.p.A RomeItaly. Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec Axe Neurosciences QuébecQuebec CityCanada. Département de Médecine Moléculaire UniversitéLaval QuébecQuebec CityCanada.1 National Research Council Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology(CNR-IBBC/EMMA/Infrafrontier/IMPC)International Campus“A.Buzzati-Traverso”Monterotondo(Rome)Italy.1 Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit European Molecular Biology Laboratory(EMBL)MonterotondoItaly.1 Division of Medical Sciences University of VictoriaVictoriaCanada.1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Sapienza UniversityLaboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur ItaliaRomeItaly.

小胶质细胞是调节大脑突触发育和可塑性的重要细胞类型,但其影响突触的正常功能的机制尚不清楚。在本研究中,我们通过PLX5622造成小胶质细胞耗竭,并观察其对成年野生型小鼠海马CA3-CA1突触的影响。在小胶质细胞耗竭后,与树突棘密度降低... 详细信息

小胶质细胞是调节大脑突触发育和可塑性的重要细胞类型,但其影响突触的正常功能的机制尚不清楚。在本研究中,我们通过PLX5622造成小胶质细胞耗竭,并观察其对成年野生型小鼠海马CA3-CA1突触的影响。在小胶质细胞耗竭后,与树突棘密度降低相关的自发和诱发谷氨酸能活动的减少,出现未成熟突触特征以及突触的可塑性提高。小胶质细胞耗竭的小鼠在新物体识别任务的获取方面表现出缺陷。海马星形胶质细胞出现增生,但并没有神经炎症反应。在Cx3cr1-/-小鼠中,PLX不能导致海马出现上述改变。这说明CX3CL1/CX3CR1轴在小胶质细胞对突触功能的控制中有重要作用。PLX5622停用后,小胶质细胞的重新增殖,海马突触恢复,小鼠的学习功能也出现恢复。综上所述,小胶质细胞对维持成人大脑的突触的正常功能用重要的作用,去除小胶质细胞会导致谷氨酸能突触组织和活动的可逆变化。

关键词：谷氨酸能传递海马体学习小胶质细胞神经元-小胶质细胞相互作用突触