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Comparison of pediatric ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections arising in antibiotic-impregnated and standard catheters:a multicenter observational study

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2023年第3期6卷 196-199页

作者： Joan Robinson Archana Balamohan Michelle Barton marie-astrid lefebvre Ahmed Almadani Dolores Freire Alastair McAlpine Jocelyn Srigley Patrick Passarelli John Bradley Dele Davies Gwenn Skar Isabelle Viel-Theriault Sarah Khan Rupeena Purewal Nicole LeSaux Jennifer Bowes Michael Hawkes 无 Department of Pediatrics University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little RockArkansasUSA Arkansas Children's Hospital Little RockArkansasUSA Western University LondonOntarioCanada McGill University Faculty of Medicine MontrealQuebecCanada Umm Al-Qura University MakkahSaudi Arabia University of Alberta EdmontonAlbertaCanada The University of British Columbia VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada Pediatrics Rady Children's Hospital San DiegoSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA Arnot Ogden Medical Center ElmiraNew YorkUSA Rady Children's Hospital San Diego San DiegoCaliforniaUSA Pediatrics University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA University of Nebraska Medical Center OmahaNebraskaUSA Laval University QuebecQuebecCanada McMaster University HamiltonOntarioCanada University of Saskatchewan SaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada CHEO OttawaOntarioCanada for the Pediatric Investigators Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada(PICNIC)

Antibiotic-impregnated ventricular shunt catheters(AIVSCs)with 0.15%clindamycin and 0.054%rifampin are commonly used to prevent ventriculo-peritoneal(VP)shunt *** approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2003(https://***/file/general/***),they have antimicrobial activity documented for minimum 31 days(https://***/cdrh_docs/pdf11/***).These antibiotics were chosen as they cover the majority of Staphylococcus aureus and may provide some activity against coagulase negative staphylococci.1 These normal skin flora account for the majority of VP shunt *** the largest randomized controlled trial(RCT)to date,AIVSCs significantly reduced the risk of infection compared with standard shunts(cause-specific hazard ratio(HR)0.38).2 This effect was mainly due to a reduction in staphylococcal infections;the number of gram-negative infections was similar in both *** studies3–5 and a meta-analysis6 in children support the findings of this *** objective of this study was to examine the spectrum of pathogens,time to infection,and outcomes with AIVSCs vs standard shunts.

关键词： shunt infections peritoneal

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Preparation and Properties of Zirconium Hydrideon the surface of MCM-41 Mesoporous Molecular Sieves

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2001年第4期17卷 426-431页

作者： WANG Xu-xu FU Xian-zhi lefebvre Frederic BASSET Jean-marie Research Institute of Photocatalysis Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350002P.R.China Laboratoire de Chimie Organometallique de Surface UMR CNRS-CPE 998643Bd dull Novembre 11 Novembre 191869616 Villeurbanne CedexFrance

Zirconium monohydride bonded to the framework oxygen of MCM-41 surface was prepared by the reaction of tetraneopentyl zirconium with MCM-41 surface hydroxyl groups, followed by the hydrogenolysis of the resulted product. The surface hydride was characterized by using infrared spectroscopy, solid-state NMR, elemental analysis, gas-phase chromatography and chemical probing reaction. It was shown that this surface species is stable below 150 ’C and can catalytically crack alkanes into methane and ethane at 100 .

关键词： MCM-41 Zirconium hydride Grafting reaction Catalytic cracking

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Modification of the adsorption and catalytic properties of micro-and mesoporous materials by reactions with organometallic complexes

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第9期53卷 1862-1869页

作者： lefebvre Frédéric PUTAJ Piotr BASSET Jean-marie Université de Lyon ICL C2P2 UMR 5265(CNRS-CPE-Université Lyon 1) LCOMS-CPE Lyon

This review describes the work of two laboratories in the field of the modification of micro-and mesoporous molecular sieves through reactions with organometallic *** modification of zeolites can occur inside the pore channels or on the external surface,depending on the size of the organometallic *** the modification occurs on the external surface,it results in a decrease of the pore entrance,which will lead in turn to a modification of the sorption properties of the zeolite,by decreasing the rate of the adsorption(mainly by a kinetic control).Such a material can be also used in catalysis,because the external acid sites,which are responsible for side-reactions,have been removed upon *** small organometallic complexes are used,they can fill the channels and cages of the zeolite and react with internal hydroxyl *** to the high acidity of zeolites,the reaction occurs very easily(for example at-100℃ on faujasite),in contrast to what is observed on the external surface,therefore leading to high metal *** that case,the modification of the sorption properties will be mainly related to a thermodynamic *** resulting materials can be useful in catalysis,by combining the activity of the organometallic complex and properties(for example shape-selectivity) of the *** of mesoporous molecular sieves occurs always in the pores and results in altering of the sorption properties of the solid,by changing the interaction type between the sorbent and the *** example the sorption isotherm of alkanes is changed from type II to type III according to the IUPAC nomenclature.

关键词： zeolites transition metals organometallic compounds adsorption properties

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Intensive care drug therapy and its potential adverse effects on blood pressure and heart rate in critically ill children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第9期19卷 902-911页

作者： Lisa marie Kiesel astrid Bertsche Wieland Kiess Manuela Siekmeyer Thilo Bertsche Martina Patrizia Neininger Drug Safety Center and Clinical Pharmacy Institute of PharmacyMedical FacultyLeipzig UniversityBruederstr.3204103 LeipzigGermany Division of Neuropediatrics University Hospital for Children and AdolescentsFleischmannstr.817475 GreifswaldGermany Department of Women and Child Health Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric ResearchUniversity Hospital of LeipzigLiebigstr.20a04103 LeipzigGermany

Background Owing to complex treatment,critically ill children may experience alterations in their vital *** investigated whether such hemodynamic alterations were temporally and causally related to drug *** In a university pediatric intensive care unit,we retrospectively analyzed hemodynamic alterations defined as values exceeding the limits set for heart rate(HR)and blood pressure(BP).For causality assessment,we used the World Health Organization–Uppsala Monitoring Center(WHO–UMC)system,which categorizes the probability of causality as“certain,”“probable,”“possible,”and“unlikely.”Results Of 315 analyzed patients with 43,200 drug prescriptions,59.7%experienced at least one hemodynamic alteration;39.0%were affected by increased HR,19.0%by decreased HR,18.1%by increased BP,and 16.2%by decreased *** to drug information databases,83.9%of administered drugs potentially lead to hemodynamic ***,88.3%of the observed hemodynamic alterations had a temporal relation to the administration of drugs;in 80.2%,more than one drug was *** on the WHO–UMC system,a drug was rated as a“probable”causing factor for only 1.4%of hemodynamic *** the remaining alterations,the probability ratings were lower because of multiple potential causes,e.g.,several *** Critically ill children were frequently affected by hemodynamic *** administration of drugs with potentially adverse effects on hemodynamic parameters is often temporally related to hemodynamic *** alterations are often multifactorial,e.g.,due to administering multiple drugs in rapid succession;thus,the influence of individual drugs cannot easily be captured with the WHO–UMC system.

关键词： Adverse drug reaction Drug therapy Hemodynamic monitoring Multifactorial causality Pediatric intensive care unit

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Actigraphy: A new diagnostic tool for hepatic encephaiopathy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第14期12卷 2243-2244页

作者： Isabelle Hourmand-Ollivier marie-astrid Piquet Jean Pierre Toudic Pierre Denise Thng Dao Department of Nutrition and Hepatogastroenterology CHU Cte de Nacre-14033 cedex Caen France Physiology Laboratory CHU Cte de Nacre-14033 cedex Caen France

AIM： To assess the actigraphy, an ambulatory and continuous monitoring of wrist motor activity fitted to study sleep/wake patterns in hepatic encephalopathy （HE）. METHODS： Twenty-five cirrhotic patients （17 M, 8 F, mean age 56± 11 years, 24/25 alcoholic, Child-Pugh A, B, C： 2, 6, 17） were included. The patients were classified into 3 groups： stage 0 group （n = 12）, stage 1-2 group （n = 6）, and stage 3-4 group （n = 7） of encephalopathy. Over three consecutive days, patients had clinical evaluation 3 times a day with psychometric test, venous ammoniemia, flash visually evoked potentials （VEP）, electroencephalogram and continuous actigraphic monitoring for 3 d, providing 5 parameters： mesor, amplitude, acrophase, mean duration of activity （MDAI） and inactivity （MDII） intervals. RESULTS： Serum ammonia and VEP did not differ among the 3 groups. Electroencephalography mean dominant frequency （MDF） correlated significantly with clinical stages of HE （r=0.65, P=0.003）. The best correlation with HE stage was provided by actigraphy especially with MDAI （r= 0.7, P〈10^-4） and mesor （r= 0.65, P〈 10^-4）. MDAI correlated significantly with MDF （r= 0.62, 0.004） and was significantly shorter in case of HE compared to patients without HE （stage 0： 5.33± 1.6 min; stage 1-2：3.28±1.4 min; stage 3-4：2.52±1.1 min; P〈0.05）. Using a threshold of MDAI of less than 4.9 min, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value for HE diagnosis were 85%, 67%, 73% and 80%, respectively. CONCLUSION： Actigraphy may be an objective method to identify HE, especially for early HE detection. Motor activity at the wrist correlates well with clinical stages of HE. MDAI and mesor are the most relevant parameters.

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy Cirrhosis Actigraphy

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Are Disasters a Risk to Regional Fiscal Balance?Evidence from Indonesia

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第6期12卷 839-853页

作者： astrid Wiyanti Alin Halimatussadiah Economic Planning and Development Policy University of IndonesiaJakarta 10440Indonesia Center for Climate Finance and Multilateral Policy Fiscal Policy AgencyMinistry of Finance of IndonesiaJakarta 10710Indonesia Department of Economics University of Indonesia.Depok 16424.Indonesia

Indonesia is an archipelago country and is fairly vulnerable to disasters. While disasters generally affect government revenue and expenditure, their effects likely vary by country. This study examines the effect of disasters on the fiscal balance, revenue, and expenditure of local governments. We used panel data and fixed effects methods to estimate the degree to which disaster severity influences budgetary solvency at the district and provincial levels in Indonesia between 2010 and 2018. This study revealed that disasters can strain fiscal balance at the district and provincial levels due to a decrease in own-source revenue and an increase in social assistance expenditure, capital expenditure, consumption expenditure, and unexpected expenditure. The district expenditure most threatened by disasters is consumption expenditure, while the provincial expenditure most threatened is unexpected expenditure. We also found that an increase in capital expenditure can lead to financial burden due to delays of planned projects or post-disaster reconstruction. Based on these findings, it is clear that some forms of insurance or other financing schemes are necessary to mitigate the adverse impacts of disasters on regional fiscal balance.

关键词： Budgetary solvency Disaster impacts Disaster insurance Fiscal balance Indonesia Local government budgets

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Crohn’s-like acute severe colitis associated with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome: A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第8期25卷 1031-1036页

作者： Paul Girot Catherine Le Berre astrid De Maissin marie Freyssinet Caroline Trang-Poisson Arnaud Bourreille Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive OncologyNantes University HospitalNantes Cedex 44093France Department of Gastroenterology Clinique Jules VerneNantes 44300France

BACKGROUND Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome(HPS)is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by oculocutaneous albinism,platelet storage pool deficiency and systemic complications associated with ceroid deposition in the reticuloendothelial *** types 1 and 4 are associated with Crohn’s disease(CD)-like gastrointestinal disorders,such as granulomatous enterocolitis or perianal *** of colitis can be particularly severe and,before the use of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNFα)therapy had become common,were reported as showing poor responsiveness to medical *** SUMMARY We present the case of a 51-year-old albino woman who presented with acute severe colitis that led to the diagnosis of *** findings of biopsy samples showed chronic inflammation with deep ulcerations,and granulomas without caseous *** genetic analysis confirmed HPS type 1,with a homozygous 27 base-pair deletion in exon 20 of the HPS1 *** the patient’s bleeding diathesis was corrected by platelet transfusion,the granulomatous colitis responded dramatically to a medical treatment regimen that included corticosteroids,azathioprine and infliximab;this regimen is similar to that used in CD *** it remains unclear if the granulomatous enterocolitis in HPS is due to ceroid deposition or reflects the co-existence of CD and HPS,the fact that this case of HPS-related granulomatous colitis responded to the same therapeutic approach used in CD suggests that this type of colitis may result from HPS patients’genetic susceptibility to *** We report a case of severe colitis that led to the diagnosis of HPS,which was responsive to azathioprine and infliximab.

关键词： Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome Acute severe colitis Infliximab Azathioprine Inflammatory bowel disease Case report

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VARIABILITY OF BUILDING SIMULATION RESULTS DEP ENDING ON SELECTED WEATHER FILES AND CONDITIONING SET POINTS-A CASE STUDY FOR A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING IN VICTORIA,AUSTRALIA

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Journal of Green Building 2016年第4期11卷 91-108页

作者： astrid Roetzel School of Architecture and Built Environment Deakin UniversityGeelong Waterfront Campus

Building simulation is a powerful way to evaluate the performance of a *** quality of simulation results however strongly depends on the accuracy of simulation input *** for weather data files and occupant behaviour it is difficult to obtain accurate *** paper evaluates the variability of building simulation results with regards to different weather data sets as well as different heating and cooling set points for a residential building in Victoria,*** comfort accord-ing to ASHRAE Standard 55,final energy consumption and peak cooling and heating loads are *** have been performed with Energy-Plus,and weather data for a multi-year approach have been generated with the software *** results show that different weather files for the same location as well as different conditioning set points can influence the results by approximately a factor of 2.

关键词： weather data occupant behaviour heating and cooling set points residential building building simulation energy performance peak loads adaptive thermal comfort

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Polarized Light Microscopy and Spectroscopy of Individual Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

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Nano Research 2011年第8期4卷 788-794页

作者： Jacques lefebvre Paul Finnie Institute for Microstructural Sciences National Research Council Ottawa Canada K IA 0R6

Polarized light microscopy （PLM） is used to image individual single-walled carbon nanotubes （SWNTs） suspended in air across a slit opening. The imaging contrast relies on the strong optical anisotropy typical of SWNTs. We combine PLM with a tunable light source to enable hyperspectral excitation spectroscopy and nanotube chirality assignment. Comparison with fluorescence microscopy and spectroscopy confirms the assignment made with PLM. This represents a versatile new approach to imaging SWNTs and related structures.

关键词： Carbon nanotube microscopy luminescence absorption polarization homodyne

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Perturbation and delayed recovery of the reed invertebrate assemblage in Camargue marshes sprayed with Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis

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Insect Science 2018年第4期25卷 542-548页

作者： Brigitte Poulin Gaetan lefebvre Tour du Valat Research Institute Le Sambuc Aries France

Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis （Bti） is the most commonly used larvicide to control mosquitoes worldwide. Considered as nontoxic to most organisms, Bti can nevertheless cause trophic perturbations to natural communities by reducing the abundance of Chironomidae, which are a key element of wetland food webs. Since August 2006, up to 8400 of the 33 000 ha of mosquito larval biotopes in the Camargue （Rh6ne delta, in southern France）, are monitored by a public agency and Bti-sprayed （aqueous solution of VectoBac 12AS at 2.5 L/ha） whenever mosquito larvae （Ochlerotatus easpius and Oc. detritus） appeared in water bodies. This resulted in 30-50 aerial treatments/year, in addition to ground spraying of unknown frequency. The sprayed habitats include Phragmites australis reedbeds, which support a specific avifauna of conservation concern. We compared the abundance of invertebrate prey available to passerine birds at treated and control sites relative to the predicted values based on hydrology over a 9-year period. Food available to reed passerines was significantly reduced at treated areas, translating into a 34% decrease in breeding birds based on predictive modeling. The most affected arthropods were Diptera, Aranaea, Coleoptera, and Hymenoptera. No cumulative effects were observed over time, but the recovery of the invertebrate assemblage after the cessation of mosquito control was delayed due to Bti spore persistence and proliferation in the sediments. While hydrology remains a prime factor influencing primary and secondary productivity of the Camargue reed marshes, Bti spraying had significant negative effects on animal communities at several trophic levels.

关键词： Camargue insecticide impact mosquito control Phragmites australis marsh trophic interactions wetland conservation

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