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Immunovirological Profile of HIV1 Infection in Children and Adolescents Followed at the Bangui Pediatric University Hospital

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 585-597页

作者： Simplice Cyriaque Kango Synthia Ningatoloum Nazita marie colette nganda-bangue Michaël Dan-Houron Alexandre Manirakiza Jean Chrysostome Gody Department of The Clinique Mé dicale Infantile Raymond Max Siopathis University Children&#8217s Hospital Bangui CAR Faculty of Health Sciences (FACSS) Bangui CAR National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Bangui CAR Pasteur Institute Bangui CAR

History: Pediatric management of HIV infection in children in the Central African Republic began in 2004 with the use of fractionated adult antiretrovirals and Cotrimoxazole. It has evolved over the years with the use of pediatric forms, oral suspensions and dispersible tablets. The transition to Dolutegravir took place in 2020. The active file of our patients will grow from 78 to over 1900 today. Follow-up examinations are carried out to assess adherence to treatment. Objective: To determine the immunovirological profile and factors associated with treatment failure during follow-up of children on ART at the Bangui pediatric university hospital. Patients and Method: This was a cross-sectional, analytical study from May 30 to December 02, 2022. The study sample was drawn from a cohort of HIV-1-infected children followed up at the Bangui pediatric university hospital and on ART for three semesters who met the selection criteria. Results: The prevalence of treatment failure varied from one semester to the next. Thus, the prevalence of therapeutic failure was 20% in the first semester, 10% in the second semester and 7% in the third semester. The prevalence of virological failure was 10.28% in the first half of the year, 6.91% in the second half and 4.98% in the third. Secondly, immunological failure was 0.48% in the first half of the year, 0.32% in the second 0.64% in the third half. Finally, clinical failure was 8.82% in the first half, 4.82% in the second half, 1.92% in the third half. Socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with treatment failure were male gender (p 1000 copies/ml (p Conclusion: The occurrence of treatment failures in children is a major problem, especially in our resource-limited countries, given the challenges facing antiretroviral therapy. It is therefore necessary to carry out a study on resistance genotyping in order to propose correct management protocols, as the future of treatment programs depends on it.

关键词： Profile Immunovirological HIV/AIDS Children Bangui

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Epidemiological, Clinical and Anatomopathological Aspects of Cancers in Central African Republic Children

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第5期12卷 841-849页

作者： Jess Elio Kosh Komba Palet Cyriaque Simplice Kango Carine Kiteze Nguinzanemou marie Christine Awa Sépou Yanza marie colette nganda bangue Barbara Ouansaba Mouhamadou Ousmane Jean Chrysostome Gody Boniface Koffi Complexe Pédiatrique de Bangui Bangui République Centrafricaine Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de l’Université de Bangui Bangui République Centrafricaine Laboratoire National de Biologie Clinique et de Santé Publique Bangui République Centrafricaine

Objectives: To determine the epidemiological, clinical and anatomopathological aspects of childhood cancer in CAR. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out from May 2015 to May 2018, at the Center Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique de Bangui (CHUPB). The study population consisted of patients aged under 15 followed in the UHOPB for malignant tumors on clinical, radiological or ultrasound suspicion of malignancy and confirmed or not by histology or biology. A questionnaire was used to collect the data which was analyzed using SPSS11.0 software. Results: During the study period, we collected 107 cases of childhood cancer. The annual hospital incidence was 1.27% in 2016;1.93% in 2017 and 1.50% in 2018 The average monthly frequency of patients followed is 35.66. The intensity of pain assessed in the 99 patients ranged from 02/10 to 09/10 with an average of 5.41/10. The mean duration of the disease was 3.3 months with extremes at 1.2 months and 36 months. A predominance of comorbidity with HIV is 41.66%. Histologically diagnosed malignant tumors are dominated by 30.4% Burkitt’s lymphoma. Conclusion: Data on cancer incidence are scarce in developing countries and for the most part are hospital statistics. In CAR, it will be important to set up a national register for collecting information.

关键词： Cancer Child Epidemiology Central African Republic

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Evolution of the Etiologies of Purulent Meningitis in Children over a Period of 24 Months in Conflict-Affected Rural Areas of the Central African Republic after the Introduction of 2 New Vaccines in the Expanded Vaccination Program

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2023年第3期13卷 183-194页

作者： Rostand Kombaya marie colette nganda bangue Irenee Galendji Honorat Nouzoukem Edgar Tchoumateu Brice Olivier Bogning Mejiozem Freddy Samuel Ngbonga Konzapa Voulou Henri Saint Clavaire Diemer Christian Diamant Mossoro-Kpindé Pediatric University Hospital Complex Bangui Central African Republic (CAR) Régional University Hospital of Bria Bria Central African Republic (CAR) Régional University Hospital of Bossangoa Bossangoa Central African Republic (CAR) Faculty of Health Sciences The University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic (CAR) National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic (CAR)

Background and Objective: Purulent meningitis is a therapeutic emergency and remains a real public health problem in the world, particularly in limited resources countries. The study aimed to describe the epidemiological clinical, etiological and scalable features of purulent meningitis in children in Bria. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019 (24 months). It included all suspected cases of purulent meningitis in children aged 0 to 15 years, confirmed by agglutination with Pastorex meningitis. A standard sheet was used to collect the data which was entered and analyzed on Epi Info 7 software. Results: A total of 37 cases of purulent meningitis were confirmed among 90 suspected cases. The female gender predominated (59.5%), with a sex ratio of 0.7. The age group from 0 to 11 months was majority (48.6%). Nearly 2 thirds of children were not vaccinated (64.8%). The most frequent functional signs were fever (83.8%), and convulsion (51.4%). The etiologies were Streptococcus (51.4%), Neisseria meningitidis (35.1%) and Haemophilus influenzae (13.5%). Therapeutic success under 3rd generation cephalosporin treatment was obtained in 86.5% including 8.1% with sequelae;13.5% of death was observed. Streptococcus was the most lethal bacterium at 21.1%. Conclusion: The results of these studies show that pediatric purulent meningitis is still common despite the availability of free vaccination. They require early therapeutic management to limit the occurrence of sequelae and death. Hence, it is important to strengthen prevention strategies.

关键词： Purulent Meningitis Children Epidemiology Etiologies Bria Central African Republic

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Contribution to the Study of Antibiotic Sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae Strains in Spinal Cerebral Fluids in Bangui from 2017 to 2022

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2023年第7期16卷 95-106页

作者： Zéphirin-Dalengat Vogbia Ernest Lango Yaya marie colette-nganda banguet Jean de Dieu Longo Clotaire -Rafaï Maurel Anicet Adonis Ouoko Fa-Tigbia Christian Diamant Mossoro Gérard Gresenguet Ministry of Health Epidemiology and National Reference Center for Sexually Transmitted Infections and Anti-Retroviral Therapy Research Service Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Ministry of Health National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Bangui Central African Republic Emergency Department at the Pediatric University Complex Bangui Central African Republic Ministry of Health Training Project Manager and Head of Public Department Bangui Central African Republic

A prospective and analytical study was carried out from January 2017 to Decem-ber 2022, at the National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health (LNBCSP) in Bangui. 352 samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were confirmed out of 2065, coming from the four hospitals in Bangui. This study aimed to evalu-ate the evolution of antibiotic sensitivity to strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. CSF had been collected from patients who presented with meningeal syndromes. Based on the leukocyte count (White blood cells ≥ 5 mm3), an aliquot was trans-ferred to trans-isolate medium and sent to the LNBCSP for confirmatory testing, culture and determination of antibiotic sensitivity. The antibiotic sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains was tested according to the methods recom-mended by the Antibiogram Committee of the French Society of Microbiology. The data collected was entered into Excel 2010 to be analyzed with Epi Info 7.2. Ficher’s exact test, chi2 at the 5% threshold (p < 0.05) was used to compare pro-portions and analyze associations between variables. The average sensitivity rate to β-lactams was 74.43%. The sensitivity rate of Fluoroquinolones was 54.54%. That of levofloxacin was 87%. The average rate of sensitivity to β-lactams for the age group under 5 years old was 79.25%. That of fluoroquinolones was 52.59%. Levofloxacin had 90.37%. The average sensitivity rate to β-lactams for the age group over 5 years old was 76.03%. Fluoroquinolones had 45.16%. Levofloxacin had 69.58%. The average sensitivity rate to β-lactams for males was 76.68%. Fluoroquinolones had 54.26%. That of levofloxacin was 83.40%. The sensitivity rate to β-lactams for females was 74.41%. That of fluoroquinolones was 51.16%. Levofloxacin had 67.44%. Cyclins had 28.68%. The study noted an association between age and sensitivity (p < 0.05;CI [1.05-2.57]). Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae were always detected in the CSF. The average rate of sensitivity to macrolides was 36.93%;aminoglyc

关键词： Streptococcus pneumoniae Sensitivity Antibiotics Central African Republic

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Risk Factors of Early Neonatal Deaths in Pediatric Teaching Hospital in Bangui, Central African Republic

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第4期11卷 840-853页

作者： Jean Chrysostome Gody Moyen Engoba Brice Olivier Bogning Mejiozem Lydie Verleine Danebera Evodie Pierrette Kakouguere marie Collette nganda bangue Carine Judith Kiteze Nguinzanemou Romuald Belly de Dieu Komangoya Kpembi Petula Waraka Dusie Lesly Ngoyoli Mbode Mireille Mande Djapou Ghislain Franck Houndjahoue George Moyen Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique de Bangui (CHUPB) Bangui République Centrafricaine Université marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo Médecins avec l’Afrique CUAMM International NGO Padova Italie

Background: The neonatal mortality rate in the Central African Republic (CAR) is 42.3 per 1000 live births in 2017, indicating that CAR is with the highest number of newborn deaths. Objective: The objective is to clarify the risk factors of neonatal deaths in this area. Methodology: A case-control study with retrospective data collection. Targets were newborns >7 days, hospitalized and dead (cases), and newborns admitted after the respective case during the study period and discharged before the 7th day of life. This study was carried out between 2016 and 2018 in the neonatal unit of the “Complexe Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique de Bangui” (CHUPB), the only national hospital for newborns care in the CAR. Results: We included 902 newborns, with 451 cases of early neonatal death and 451 controls. 4168 newborns were admitted to the neonatology unit with 621 early death cases;a lethality rate of 14.9%. Early neonatal deaths factors were: newborns with low birth weight (OR = 22.59;95% CI [15.93 - 32.04]; P 25 years (OR = 2.08;95% CI [1.58 - 2.73];P < 0.001);non-medical transport (O

关键词： Early Neonatal Mortality Risk Factors CHUPB CAR

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Epidermal Inclusion Cyst: A Rare Benign Breast Lesion

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Open Journal of Pathology 2022年第2期12卷 64-69页

作者： Abdou Magib Gaye Modukpè colette Nadine Odah Moussa Guira Fabrice Senghor Gabriel Nougnignon Comlan Deguenonvo Amadou Ndiade Ibou Thiam marie Joseph Dieme-Ahouidi Cherif Mouhamed Moustapha Dial Anatomy and Pathological Cytology Laboratory Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Public Care Center of Richard Toll Saint-Louis Senegal Anatomy and Pathological Cytology Laboratory Idrissa Pouye General Hospital Dakar Senegal Anatomy and Pathological Cytology Laboratory Fann Hospital Dakar Senegal

Epidermal inclusion cyst in the breast is an uncommon condition. It may be congenital, originating from hair follicles or occurring after trauma (breast reduction or breast cytology puncture) or consists of squamous metaplasia of the regular columnar epithelium within an ectatic ductus galactophorus. We report the case of a 22-year-old woman, with two pregnancies and with no particular pathological history, who presented with a 3 cm nodule of the right breast at the union of the upper quadrants, firm, mobile and painless. The skin, areola and nipple were unaffected. The axillary areas and the contralateral breast were unremarkable. The breast ultrasound showed a heterogeneous and well circumscribed hypoechoic mass classified as ACR3. Macroscopic examination revealed a unilocular cyst with a discretely thickened wall, abundant yellowish contents and measuring 2 cm on a long axis. Histologically, it was a cystic cavity whose wall was lined with a pseudo stratified keratinized squamous epithelium with a granular layer and whose lumen contained keratin lamellae. This cyst is surrounded by a more or less fibrous pallial tissue containing regular, sometimes dilated or even cystic milk ducts. The diagnosis of epidermal inclusion cyst of the breast on a background of fibrocystic mastopathy was thus concluded. The importance of this benign lesion lies in the differentiation between other non-neoplastic and neoplastic breast lesions.

关键词： Epidermal Inclusion Cyst Breast Fibrocystic Mastopathy Dakar Senegal

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国际博物馆协会教育与文化活动委员会“最佳做法”——教育与文化活动项目分析工具[1]

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湖南省博物馆馆刊 2013年第1期 630-636页

作者：玛丽·克莱特·奥尼尔科莱特·迪弗雷纳·泰斯黄磊(译) 李燕(译) 谢颖(校) 不详

博物馆的教育工作现已日益受到国际博物馆界的重视,如何策划、实施、评估和改进教育项目,何为教育与文化活动项目的标准与最佳做法成为国际博物馆教育界近年来讨论的一个热点。作为其研讨成果,国际博物馆协会教育与文化活动委员会最新... 详细信息

博物馆的教育工作现已日益受到国际博物馆界的重视,如何策划、实施、评估和改进教育项目,何为教育与文化活动项目的标准与最佳做法成为国际博物馆教育界近年来讨论的一个热点。作为其研讨成果,国际博物馆协会教育与文化活动委员会最新推出了一个针对教育及文化项目的分析工具——'最佳做法',并在国际博物馆界进行推广。

关键词：博物馆教育与文化活动分析工具最佳做法

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