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Involvement of CD40 (rs1883832) and MAP3K14 (rs2074292) Genes Polymorphisms in Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Burkina Faso, West Africa

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第12期11卷 343-361页

作者： Lassina traore Nouhoun Nignan Sanata Kiemde Abdoul Rasmané Koumbem Sidnooma Véronique Zongo Minane Nafissa Triande Abdoul Karim Ouattara marie simone traore Tegwindé Rébéca Compaore Tani Sagna Ina marie traore Albert Théophane Yonli Bolni Marius Nagalo Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma Jacques Simpore Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Biomolecular Research Center Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université Norbert Zongo Centre Universitaire Manga Koudougou Burkina Faso Biomedical Research Laboratory (LaReBio) Biomedical and Public Health Department Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSS/CNRST) Ouaga Burkina Faso Division of Hematology and Oncology Mayo Clinic Scottsdale USA

Introduction: Hepatic diseases comprise inflammations of the liver, which can originate from drug-induced, toxic, autoimmune sources and particularly hepatitis B and C virus infection. The outcome of the disease is linked to interactions between the immune system and the virus, and also depends on the age and immune status of the patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of a MAP3K14 (rs2074292), CD40 (rs1883832) polymorphism and chronic hepatitis B virus carriage in a population from Burkina Faso. Methods: In this case-control analysis, 223 and 173 samples, consisting of 90 and 53 controls and 133 and 120 cases, were examined for MAP3K14 and CD40 respectively. The cases included patients with Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB), cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Genomic DNA extraction was executed using INVITROGEN and FAVORGEN kits. Genotyping of MAP3K14 (rs2074292) and CD40 (rs1883832) gene polymorphisms was accomplished via real-time PCR on the QuantStudioTM 5 Real-Time instrument, followed by allelic discrimination using TaqMan Genotyper Software. Data was interpreted using SPSS version 20 and Epi info version 7.***.2.0. Odds ratios (OR), confidence intervals (CI), and p-values were derived for risk and significance evaluation. Results: This study showed that the heterozygous CT genotype and the mutated T allele of the CD40 (rs1883832) gene are involved in the progression of chronic hepatitis to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in HBV-infected patients. However, no association was found between polymorphisms in the MAP3K14 gene (rs2074292) and the progression of HBV infection. By combining the two polymorphisms, we observed either high risk or protection, depending on the genotypes of the MAP3K14 and CD40 genes simultaneously carried by the patient. Conclusion: Polymorphisms of the MAP3K14 and CD40 genes are associated with the evolution of HBV infection.

关键词： Polymorphisms MAP3K14 CD40 HBV and Burkina Faso

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The Impact of Jams on the Vending Robot

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第9期14卷 2515-2518页

作者： Bourama Coulibaly Drissa traore Bakary Dit Dembo Sylla marie Bernard Sidibe Electrical Engineering Department Normal School of Technical and Vocational Education (ENETP) Bamako Mali National Engineering School Abderhamane Baba Tour (ENI-ABT) Bamako Mali

This study aims to identify the causes of sensor jams and its impact on the operation of vending machines. The vending machine is a machine that automatically dispenses products such as drinks, tickets, sandwiches and biscuits, by inserting change or credit card into the machine. This technological feat is due to the advent of sensors. A sensor is a part of the measurement chain, it receives the quantity to be measured and provides information directly linked to this quantity. However, these vending robots are faced with malfunctions linked to sensor jams. The identification of the jam phenomenon was possible thanks to the inspection and monitoring of the various sensors installed on the vending robot. And Cadence software was used to model, control and locate the jammed sensor(s). The various tests were carried out by setting the robot in motion to better understand the causes of the phenomenon. The jam is therefore the phenomenon which triggers the sensors permanently, which causes the automatic vending robot to stop functioning. And this jam was due to the presence of water droplets on the sensor or dirt. This presence of water droplets on the sensor is linked to an increase in temperature. Controlling the temperature and locating the jammed sensor has made it possible to considerably reduce jamming and its harmful effects on the vending machine robot.

关键词： Jam Sensor Dispenser Robot

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Relationship between the Polymorphism of the GSTP1 (rs1695) Gene and Chronic Hepatitis B Infection in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第11期11卷 94-107页

作者： Tilate Lare Lassina traore marie simone traore Sidnooma Véronique Zongo Pierre Zabre Mousso Savadogo Fortune D. Salah Herman Karim Sombie Pegdwendé Abel Sorgho Tégwindé Rebeca Compaore Tani Sagna Issoufou Tao Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah Damintoti Simplice Karou Rogomenoma Alice Ouedraogo Teega-Wende Clarisse Ouedraogo Prosper Bado Albert Théophane Yonli Jacques Simpore Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Normale Supérieure Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire-Virologie Institut National d’Hygiène Lomé Togo Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences et de Technologies/Ecole Normale Supérieure Koudougou Burkina Faso Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medical Sciences University of Cape Coast PMB Cape Coast Ghana école Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires Université de Lomé (ESTBA-UL) Lomé Togo Centre Universitaire de Gaoua Université Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Introduction: Genetic polymorphisms of some Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) which encode the enzyme responsible for the biotransformation of drugs and xenobiotics, have been associated with the risk of several pathologies that can progress to cancer such as Hepatitis B. This study aims to characterize the impact of the rs1695 polymorphism of GSTP1 gene among people with chronic Hepatitis B infection in Burkina Faso. Methods: rs1695 polymorphisms of GSTP1 gene genotyping was performed for 50 people infected with chronic Hepatitis B virus and 124 healthy people with the PCR-RFLP method. Conventional PCR was used for DNA amplification and Alw26I enzyme was used for enzymatic digestion. Results: The results show that the frequencies of AA, AG and GG genotypes are respectively 31.00%, 36.80% and 32.20% in general the study population with a mutation rate of 50.57%. However, the incidence of the AA, AG and GG genotypes are respectively 30.64%, 38.71% and 30.64% among people with chronic Hepatitis B virus infection and 32.00%, 32.00% and 36.00% among healthy people. In cases, the frequencies of the A and G alleles are 48.00% and 52.00% respectively, and in controls 50.00% each. No statistical difference was found by comparing genotypic and allelic frequencies between cases and controls (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Our study allowed us to determine the rate of GSTP1 rs1695 genotypes in the study population, cases and controls. From our analyses, GSTP1 rs1695 is not associated to chronic Hepatitis B virus infection in Ouagadougou.

关键词： Polymorphism GSTP1 Chronic Hepatitis B Healthy People Burkina Faso

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Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Heart Diseases within the Urban and Rural Communities of the Town of Bougouni and Its Surroundings (Southern Mali): A Comparative Study

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第9期14卷 603-611页

作者： Adama Sogodogo René marie Dakouo Hamidou Camara Ladji traore Amadou Coulibaly Hamidou Oumar Ba Noumou Sidibé Ibrahim Sangaré Boubacar Diarra Ichaka Menta Gabriel Toure University Hospital Bamako Mali Center Medical Clinic Bougouni Mali

In Mali, few studies have been conducted on the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases according to place of residence. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of risk factors and cardiovascular diseases according to residents in town of Bougouni and its rural area (southern Mali). Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study from February 2019 to March 2024. All patients who visited the “CENTRE MEDICAL DE BOUGOUNI” clinic with known or suspected heart disease during the study period were included. Data were collected from medical records. Incomplete or unusable records were excluded. Data were processed using SPS version 22 software. Results: we included 452 patients with an average age of 50 ± 19 years. High blood pression has been found in 42.70% of cases, with higher prevalence in urban areas (47.01%) than in rural areas (41.50%). Diabetes and smoking were found respectively 5.31% and 8.19% in our population. The prevalence of diabetes was higher in urban areas (5.97%) than rural area (5.35%). smoking prevalence was higher in rural areas (8.49%) than urban areas (6.72%). Alcoholism was found in 2.21% of cases with a little difference between rural area (2.24%) and urban area (2.20%). 31.63% of our patients had no cardiovascular factor. Dyspnea was the reason of consultation in 5.75% of cases and atypical precordialgia in 13.72%. Headaches and dizziness in 8.63% of cases and 21.90% of patients presented other non-specific symptoms. Diagnosis of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy was found in 23.45% of cases with higher prevalence in rural areas (28.30%) than urban areas (13.43%). Ischaemic heart disease accounted for 9.29% of cases with a higher prevalence in rural areas (10.38%) than in urban areas (6.71%). PPCMs accounted for 5.98% of cases, with a slight increase in urban areas (6.66%) compared with rural areas (5.68%). Rheumatic valvulopathy accounted for 2.21% of cases;2.84% in rural areas and 0.74% in urban areas. Other valv

关键词： Prevalence Cardiovascular Risk Factors Cardiovascular Diseases Rural and Urban Areas Bougouni-Mali

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Levant Drought Occurrence, Lebanon Case

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 118-127页

作者： Ihab Jomaa Mariam Choker Nisrine El Haj marie Therese Abi Saab Matteo Funaro simone Mereu Department of Irrigation and AgroMeteorology (DIAM) of the Lebanese Agriculture Research Institute (LARI) Tal Amara Lebanon Climate and Water Unit Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute Fanar Lebanon CMCC—Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici IAFES Division Sassari Italy

Rainfall data is probably one of the longest-recorded climatic parameters in Lebanon. On the central coast of Lebanon, the Beirut weather station started collecting rainfall data in 1876. However, the recorded data is not available at one data provider source. Published data is found in historical documents but it reaches the early 1970s and then appears a data gap till 1990. Still the data is available, but it might be found to be saved privately. This study investigated the SPI variability on annual time scale between the years 1876 and 2021. The SPI was computed using R-Stat software to compare every year between 1876 and 2021. The majority (about 70% of the years) of the years are near normal in the precipitation rate. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) demonstrated a normal distribution of years. Dry and wet years constitute about 15% of the total 146 years (1876-2021). Extremely dry years might appear in two consecutive years between 50 to 60 years count. After 1991, there were no wet years it was only near normal and few dry years. The last 30 years showed a trend of increasing drought years without any occurrence of wet years. This study demonstrated the importance of keeping records of at least rainfall data and it must be recorded on a daily basis or intensity on time. It is highly important on a managerial basis and for water security reasons to understand the drought event occurrence and investigate the changes in rainfall rates. Climate change scenarios always forecast a decrease in rainfall rates which will not appear without such studies.

关键词： Climate Change Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) Beirut Rainfall Gag-es

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Physiotherapy Management of Rheumatic Diseases

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 37-47页

作者： Aly Badra Kamissoko Abdoulaye Barry Mamadou Lamine Diallo Boutros Cosme Nato Abdel Amide Gbadamassi marie traore Abèni Faouzyath Yaya Facely traore Paul Eloundou Sory Diane Matènè Komara Halimatou Barry Moriba Toure Moriba Toure Kaba Conde Owonayo Oniankitan Department of Rheumatology Ignace Deen University Hospital Conakry Guinea Department of Rheumatology Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital Lome Togo Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Introduction: Physiotherapy is an integral part of the non-drug treatment strategy for rheumatological conditions. The evidence for its effects is not formal. The objective was to evaluate the impact of physiotherapy in the management of rheumatological disorders. Methods: 6-month case-control study (December 15, 2021 to June 20, 2022) at Ignace Deen University Hospital (Conakry). Patients with rheumatological disease who received drug therapy and physiotherapy were included in the case group. Age- and sex-matched controls had rheumatological conditions, treated without physiotherapy. The evaluation questionnaires were used: WOMAC (osteoarthritis), EIFEL (low back pain), NDI (neck pain), SPADI (shoulder). Patients with heart failure, respiratory failure and/or skin infection were not included. Results: We collected 773 patients (389 cases and 384 controls) with a mean age of 53.8 years ± 12.2 with female predominance (56.8%). Patients were mainly followed for osteoarthritis (65.2%). Rheumatological conditions managed were knee-based (119;30.6%), lumbar spine (220;56.6%), shoulders (27;6.9%) and cervical spine (23;5.9%). For an average duration of 53.4 ± 12.2 minutes per session, patients had benefited from a median of 19 physiotherapy sessions. After 3 months, the baseline mean VAS of 6/10 improved to 2.2 ± 1.6 for cases and 5.7 ± 1.2 for controls. Functional capacity was improved (WOMAC: 41.8 ± 22.7 vs. 18.3 ± 7.3). The satisfaction of patients treated with physiotherapy was 20 times higher than in controls. Conclusion: Physiotherapy performed in the management of rheumatological conditions significantly reduced pain and improved functional capacity.

关键词： Rheumatological Disease Physiotherapy WOMAC Guinea

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Ultrasound in Ti-Rads Classification of Thyroid Nodules at the marie Curie Medical Clinic

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2024年第3期14卷 114-122页

作者： traore Ousmane Diakité Siaka Sidibe Drissa Mansa N’Diaye Mamadou Diallo Aissata Bagayoko Ousmane Lansenou Camara Nagnoumague Coulibaly Modibo Cisse Issa Dembele Mamadou Sidibe Assan traore Keita Adama Diaman Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging The Marie Curie Medical Clinic Bamako Mali Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging The Point G University Hospital Center Bamako Mali Teaching Researcher at the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology The University of Sciences and Technologies of Bamako/USSTB Bamako Mali Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging The Health Center of the Military Camp Bamako Mali Medical Office Didinitata Bamako Mali

Introduction: A thyroid nodule is a localized hypertrophy within the thyroid parenchyma. The aim of our study was to study the benefit of ultrasound in the Ti-rads classification of thyroid nodules. Methodology: This was a prospective study with a descriptive aim, with prospective collection, which took place over a period of 17 months at the “marie Curie” medical clinic. The ultrasound machine used was a Voluson E8 from 2011 and the examinations were carried out by two radiologists and two experienced sonographers. The parameters studied were sociodemographic data;clinical data and ultrasound aspects of the Ti-rads classification in the management of nodules. Results: We collected 235 patients out of 738 patients referred to the service for a cervical ultrasound, i.e. a frequency of 31.84% of cases. There was a female predominance with 95.7% of cases and a sex ratio of 0.04. The average age of our patients was 50 years. We found on cervical ultrasound: Isthmo-lobar glandular hyperplasia in 99 patients, i.e. a frequency of 42.1%. The Ti-rads 3 classification was the most represented in 69.4% of cases. The benignity criterion represented 85.6% of cases in our patients and the malignancy criterion represented 14.4% of cases. Conclusion: The precise description of a thyroid nodule provided by ultrasound (Ti-rads) is essential in the management of nodules.

关键词： Ultrasound Thyroid Nodules Ti-Rads “marie Curie” Medical Clinic

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Mother-to-Child Transmission of Human Papillomavirus in Burkina Faso

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2024年第1期14卷 13-24页

作者： Koudpoko Madeleine Kabre Djénéba Ouermi Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon Fatié Porzé Wilfried traore Prosper Bado Abdoul Karim Ouattara Ouamini Pulchérie De Prisca Gnoumou Rogomenoma Alice Ouedraogo Albert Théophane Yonli Punya Akouélé Kuassi-Kpede Charlemagne marie Ragnag-Néwendé Ouedraogo Jacques Simpore Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Saint Thomas d’Aquin Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire H&#244pital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso University Joseph Ki-Zerbo UFR/SDS Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most widespread sexually transmitted infection in the world. Today, there is growing evidence that HPV can be transmitted early in life, and one potential route is mother-to-child transmission. Data on this route of HPV transmission are scarce in Africa and particularly in Burkina Faso, where no data on the subject are yet available. The aim of our study was to estimate the rate of mother-to-child transmission of HPV infection and to identify circulating genotypes. Methodology: Cervico-uterine samples were collected from 100 full-term pregnant women and, buccal samples were obtained from their newborns at Hopital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (HOSCO) by the specialist physician. HPV DNA amplification and genotyping were performed by PCR followed by hybridization using the HPV Direct Flow Chips kit, detecting 36 genotypes including 18 high-risk and 18 low-risk. Results: The prevalence of HPV in newborns was 8% (8/100). Six (6) HPV-positive neonates had HPV-positive mothers, while 2 HPV-positive neonates had HPV-negative mothers. The vertical transmission rate was 26.09% (6/23). Mother-newborn genotypes were concordant. However, the genotype profile of the newborns was more restricted than that of the mothers. Conclusion: HPV DNA was found in 8% of newborns in our study. The genotype profile of the mother-newborn pair was concordant. Asymptomatic HPV infection in a pregnant woman could constitute a risk factor for vertical transmission.

关键词： Mother-to-Child Transmission Human Papillomavirus PCR Genotypes Burkina Faso

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Hemangioblastoma Incidentally Discovered at CT Scan in Bamako: About a Case

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2024年第3期14卷 123-127页

作者： traore Ousmane N’Diaye Mamadou Dembélé Mamadou Dembélé Adama Diakité Siaka Sidibé Mansa Drissa Camara Nagnoumague Keita Adama Diaman Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging The Marie Curie Medical Clinic Bamako Mali Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology The University of Science Techniques and Technologies Bamako Mali Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging The University Hospital Center of Point G Bamako Mali

Hemangioblastomas are benign vascular tumors of the brain. These are rare tumors, usually located in the cerebellum and most often affecting young adults. The aim was to study the value of CT in the management of hemangioblastoma through observation. We report the case of a 38-year-old patient referred to the radiology and Medical Imaging Department of the marie Curie Medical Clinic in Bamako, Mali, for an orbito-cerebral CT scan in a context of bilateral eyelid edema. The examination was performed using multi-slice computed tomography (16 slices) with reconstruction in the 3 planes of space without and with the injection of an iodinated contrast agent. The CT scan was crucial in making the diagnosis of hemangioblastoma incidentally, which allowed for adequate management. The patient was operated on, and the radiological outcome was favorable, without significant cystic formation, after postoperative control and clinical signs were resolved. CT can be an interesting alternative in countries like ours despite MRI being the examination of choice in hemangioblastomas.

关键词： Hemangioblastoma CT Scan Incidental Discovery and Bamako

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Antibacterial, Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of an ACAZY Herbal Formula Used in Traditional Medicine to Treat Respiratory Infections

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Natural Science 2024年第9期16卷 131-145页

作者： Mohamed Bonewendé Belemlilga Bagora Bayala Abdoul Gilchrist Laurent Boly Madinatou Annick Ouédraogo Alida Raissa Boina Boubacar Yaro Florentina Badea Camélia Diguti Moumouni Koala Denise P. Ilboudo Charles Bavouma Sombié Pascal Nadembega Jean-marie Compaoré Paul Darga Mahoukèdè Théodora Zohoncon Moussa Ouédraogo Aristide traore Noufou Ouédraogo Florentina Matei Rasmane Semdé Sylvin Ouédraogo Jacques Simporé Innocent Pierre Guissou Laboratoire de Recherche-Dveloppement de Phytomdicaments et Mdicaments (LR-D/PM) Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant (IRSS) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre de Recherche Biomolculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie Molculaire et de Gntique (LABIOGENE) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Normale Suprieure Koudougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Dveloppement du Mdicament (LADME) Centre de Formation de Recherche et dExpertises en Sciences du Mdicament (CEA-CFOREM) cole Doctorale Sciences de la Sant (ED2S) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Microbiologie Applique Universit des Sciences Agronomiques et de Mdecine Vtrinaire (UASMV) de Bucarest en Roumanie Bucharest Romania Dpartement de la mdecine traditionnelle Ministre de la Sant et de lHygine Publique Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Universit Saint Thomas dAquin (USTA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

ACAZY is a plant formula used in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso to treat respiratory infections. After phytochemical analysis, this study evaluated extracts’ anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antibacterial properties from the ACAZY recipe. Three extractions, an aqueous macerate (AM), an aqueous decoction (AD) and an hydroethanolic macerate (HEM) of the ACAZY recipe powder were carried out. Phytochemical screening of the extracts was carried out using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and the determination of phenolic compounds. The anti-inflammatory potential was assessed in vitro using pro-inflammatory enzyme inhibition tests. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) antioxidant properties were also determined. The antibacterial activity was evaluated on Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae strains. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, anthracenosids, sterols and triterpenes in the extracts. The extracts inhibited pro-inflammatory enzymes by more than 40% at only 100 µg/mL. The extracts also showed potent antibacterial activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration 1 mg/mL on Staphylococcus aureus and 2 mg/mL on Streptococcus pneumoniae. The extracts in the ACAZY formula have shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in vitro. The AD also showed an antibacterial activity. This justifies its use in traditional medicine to treat acute respiratory infections.

关键词： ACAZY Anti-Inflammatory Antioxidant Antibacterial In Vitro

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