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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2018年第4期2卷 123-136页

作者： marie Lavoie James L.Addis York University/Glendon College-Economics Department and Glendon School of Public and International Affairs 2275 Bayview AvenueTorontoOntarioM4N3M6Canada York University/Glendon College-Economics Department 2275 Bayview AvenueTorontoOntarioM4N3M6Canada

Additive manufacturing(AM),a revolutionary production technique that will make many previously inconceivable innovations a reality,is transforming the manufacturing *** technologies behind AM have a generic character and possess immense and transformative potential that will be felt across different sectors of the *** paper studies how entrepreneurs can access,exploit,and diffuse this new disruptive knowledge,as well as the potential challenges that lie ***,we examine the magnitude of the knowledge pool created by the Top 10 countries in AM research from 2011 to 2016;specifically,we determine the leading countries,the pattern of organizational and international collaborations,leading disciplines contributing to AM,and the pattern in authors'*** find that the US is clearly the dominant country,while China witnessed a notable acceleration in AM research between 2014 and 2016;we also show that universities are the predominant actor in codified AM knowledge *** this information,we paint a vivid picture of the technological and market opportunities for entrepreneurs and identify the gaps in the current knowledge production environment;we find that the challenges currently faced by entrepreneurs could be overcome through academic entrepreneurship,collective entrepreneurship,and the actions of an entrepreneurial state.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Knowledge pool Entrepreneurship Innovation systems Innovation policy Evolutionary economics

A database of modeled gridded dry deposition velocities for 45 gaseous species and three particle size ranges across North America

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 264-272页

作者： Leiming Zhang Zhuanshi He Zhiyong Wu Anne marie Macdonald Jeffrey R.Brook Shailesh Kharol Air Quality Research Division Science and Technology BranchEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaTorontoON M3H 5T4Canada Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 2E4Canada

The dry deposition process refers to the flux loss of an atmospheric pollutant due to uptake of the pollutant by the earth’s *** deposition flux of a chemical species is typically calculated as the product of its surface-layer concentration and its dry deposition velocity(V_(d)).Field measurement based V_(d) data are very scarce or do not exist for many chemical species considered in chemistry transport *** the present study,gaseous and particulate dry deposition schemes were applied to generate a database of hourly V_(d) for 45 gaseous species and three particle size ranges for two years(2016–2017)at a 15 kmby 15 km horizontal resolution across North *** V_(d) of the 45 gaseous species ranged from<0.001 to 4.6 cm/sec across the whole domain,with chemical species-dependentmedian(mean)values being in the range of 0.018–1.37 cm/sec(0.05–1.43 cm/sec).The spatial distributions of the two-year average V_(d) showed values higher than 1–3 cm/sec for those soluble and reactive species over certain land *** species have the highest V_(d) over water surfaces,while insoluble but reactive species have the highest V_(d) over *** V_(d) of PM_(2.5) across the whole domain ranged from 0.039 to 0.75 cm/sec with median(mean)value of 0.18(0.20)cm s^(−1),while the mean V_(d) for PM_(2.5)–10 is twice that of PM_(2.5).Uncertainties in the modeled V_(d) are typically on the order of a factor of 2.0 or larger,which needs to be considered when applying the dataset in other studies.

关键词： Air quality modeling Atmospheric pollutant Atmospheric deposition Dry deposition velocity Spatiotemporal distribution

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第2期22卷 490-500页

作者： Hussein Akil Aurélie Perraud marie-Odile Jauberteau Muriel Mathonnet Laboratoire Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies(LHCP-EA3842) Facultéde Médecine et de PharmacieFédération de Recherche GEIST87025 LimogesFrance Service de Chirurgie Digestive Générale et EndocrinienneCHU de Limoges87042 LimogesFrance Service d’Immunologie CHU de Limoges87042 LimogesFrance

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death in western countries. Approximately one-quarter of newly diagnosed patients for CRC have metastases, and a further 40%-50% experience disease recurrence or develop metastases after all standard therapies. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the progression of CRC and subsequently developing novel therapeutic targets is crucial to improve management of CRC and patients' long-term survival. Several tyrosine kinase receptors have been implicated in CRC development, progression and metastasis, including epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) and vascular EGFR. Recently, tropomyosin-related kinase B(Trk B), a tyrosine kinase receptor, has been reported in CRC and found to clearly exert several biological and clinical features, such as tumor cell growth and survival in vitro and in vivo, metastasis formation and poor prognosis. Here we review the significance of Trk B and its ligand brain derived-neurotrophic factor in CRC. We focus on their expression in CRC tumor samples, and their functional roles in CRC cell lines and in in vivo models. Finally we discuss therapeutic approaches that can lead to the development of novel therapeutic agents for treating Trk B-expressing CRC tumors.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Tyrosine kinase receptor B Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Therapeutic targets Cell survival

Endogenously increased n-3 PUFA levels in fat-1 transgenic mice do not protect from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第5期8卷 447-458页

作者： marie Liebig Dirk Dannenberger Brigitte Vollmar Kerstin Abshagen Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery University Medicine Rostock18057 RostockGermany Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology(FBN)18196 DummerstorfGermany

Background:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most common chronic liver diseaseworldwide,ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)and *** for the NAFLD epidemic in industrialized countries are the high intake of pro-inflammatory n-6polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-6 PUFAs)and low consumption of healthy n-3 *** to their antiinflammatoryproperties,n-3 PUFAs may have the potential to alleviate chronic liver ***,weexamined the therapeutic effect of increased n-3 PUFA tissue levels in fat-1 transgenic mice on ***:Disease was induced in mice by streptozotocin and high fat diet(STZ/HFD)resulting in *** in 6 and 8 weeks old wild type and fat-1 transgenic STZ/HFD treated mice was *** other mammals,fat-1 transgenic mice ubiquitously express an n-3 fatty acid desaturase,which converts n-6to n-3 PUFAs,leading to increased n-3 and decreased n-6 PUFA tissue ***:Liver damage,NAFLD activity score(NAS),hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation weresignificantly reduced in fat-1 transgenic STZ/HFD treated mice in the early(6 weeks)but not late(8 weeks)phase of ***,mRNA expression of genes involved in fatty acid uptake and storage(Cd36and Plin3,respectively)was significantly down-regulated in 6 week old but not 8 week old fat-1 transgenicSTZ/HFD treated ***:Endogenously elevated n-3 PUFA levels in fat-1 transgenic mice transiently delay the onsetof STZ/HFD induced NASH but failed to efficiently protect from NASH development.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) n-6/n-3 fat-1 steatosis

An adaptive microscope for the imaging of biological surfaces

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第11期10卷 2195-2206页

作者： Faris Abouakil Huicheng Meng marie-Anne Burcklen Herve Rigneault Frederic Galland Loïc LeGoff Aix Marseille Univ CNRSCentrale MarseilleInstitut FresnelTuring Center for Living SystemsMarseilleFrance

Scanning fluorescence microscopes are now able to image large biological samples at high spatial and temporal *** comes at the expense of an increased light dose which is detrimental to fluorophore stability and cell *** highly reduce the light dose,we designed an adaptive scanning fluorescence microscope with a scanning scheme optimized for the unsupervised imaging of cell sheets,which underly the shape of many embryos and *** surface of the tissue is first delineated from the acquisition of a very small subset(~0.1%)of sample space,using a robust estimation *** alternative scanning strategies are then proposed to image the tissue with an improved photon budget,without loss in *** first strategy consists in scanning only a thin shell around the estimated surface of interest,allowing high reduction of light dose when the tissue is *** second strategy applies when structures of interest lie at the cell periphery(*** junctions).An iterative approach is then used to propagate scanning along cell *** demonstrate the benefit of our approach imaging live epithelia from Drosophila *** the examples shown,both approaches yield more than a 20-fold reduction in light dose-and up to more than 80-fold-compared to a full scan of the *** smart-scanning strategies can be easily implemented on most scanning fluorescent imaging *** dramatic reduction in light exposure of the sample should allow prolonged imaging of the live processes under investigation.

关键词： image curved smart

Artificial intelligence in colonoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第29期27卷 4802-4817页

作者： Joel Joseph Ella marie LePage Catherine Phillips Cheney Rishi Pawa Department of Internal Medicine Wake Forest Baptist Medical CenterWinston SalemNC 27157United States Department of Internal Medicine Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston SalemNC 27157United States Department of Internal Medicine Section of Gastroenterology and HepatologyWake Forest Baptist Medical CenterWinston-SalemNC 27157United States

Colorectal cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United *** in artificial intelligence(AI),specifically computer aided detection and computer-aided diagnosis offer promising methods of increasing adenoma detection rates with the goal of removing more pre-cancerous ***,these methods also may allow for smaller non-cancerous lesions to be diagnosed in vivo and left in place,decreasing the risks that come with unnecessary *** review will provide an overview of current advances in the use of AI in colonoscopy to aid in polyp detection and characterization as well as areas of developing research.

关键词： Colonoscopy Artificial intelligence Computer-aided detection Detection Characterization Computer-aided diagnosis

ADAM12 is a costimulatory molecule that determines Th1 cell fate and mediates tissue inflammation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第8期18卷 1904-1919页

作者： Yawei Liu Robert Bockermann Mahdieh Hadi Iman Safari Belinda Carrion marie Kveiborg Shohreh Issazadeh-Navikas Neuroinflammation Unit Biotech Research&Innovation Centre(BRIC)Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenOle Maaløes Vej 5DK-2200Copenhagen NDenmark BRIC Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenOle Maaløes Vej 5DK-2200Copenhagen NDenmark

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase(ADAM)12 was previously found to be expressed in T cells in the inflamed ***,the function of ADAM12 in T-cell responses in general and in tissue inflammation has not been ***,we studied the role of ADAM12 in T-cell responses,fate determination on activation,and its functions in T cells to mediate tissue *** identified ADAM12 as a costimulatory molecule that is expressed on naive T cells and downregulated on ***12 mimics CD28 costimulatory signaling to activate and induce the proliferation of T-helper 1(Th1)*** ADAM12 Fab antibodies trigger T-cell activation by amplifying TCR signaling to stimulate T-bet-mediated IFNγ*** of genomic ADAM12 and its knockdown in T cells diminished T-bet and IFNγproduction in Th1 cells,whereas other T cells,including Th17 cells,were ***12 had similar functions in vivo on myelin antigen(MOG_(35-55))-induced T-cell *** found that genetic loss of ADAM12 profoundly alleviated Th1-mediated neuroinflammation and thus disease severity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,a model of multiple *** profiling of MOG_(35-55)-specific ADAM12^(−/−)T cells revealed differentially expressed genes that are important for T-cell activation,proliferation,and costimulatory signaling and Th1 pathogenicity,consistent with their inability to cause T-cell-mediated skin inflammation in a model of adoptive delayed-type *** conclude that ADAM12 is a T-cell costimulatory molecule that contributes to the pathogenesis of tissue inflammation and a potential target for the treatment of Th1-mediated diseases.

关键词： T cells T-bet Th17 EAE DTH GM-CSF

Acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in an adult female:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第22期11卷 5288-5295页

作者： Lucinda Dass Alexandra marie Malabanan Pacia Mahgol Hamidi Department of Clinical Studies St.George's UniversityTrue Blue 00000Grenada Department of Internal Medicine Jersey City Medical CenterJersey CityNew Jersey 07307United States

BACKGROUND Acute liver injury(ALI)refers to inflammation of the hepatic parenchyma without hepatic encephalopathy that lasts less than 6 *** the etiology is unknown,Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Origin(AHUO)can present as a diagnostic and treatment *** in the adult population is unusual and poorly *** has an incidence between 11%and 75%.Currently,no treatment guidelines *** no identified cause,treatment is often blind,and the wrong treatment plan may have unintended *** SUMMARY We present the case of a 58-year-old woman who presented to the emergency room for elevated liver function tests(LFTs).Her symptoms started 10 d prior to admission and included nausea,vomiting,jaundice,decreased appetite,weight loss of 10 lbs,and dark *** denied drinking alcohol or taking any hepatotoxic agents,including acetaminophen,statins,vitamins,or *** was admitted to the hospital,and an etiologic work-up was carried *** initial bloodwork revealed elevated liver enzymes(alanine aminotransferase 2500 U/L,aspartate aminotransferase 3159 U/L,and alkaline phosphatase 714 U/L)and elevated total bilirubin of 6.4 mg/*** tested negative for common infectious etiologies such as hepatotropic viruses A,B,C,and *** infective work-up revealed negative serology for cytomegalovirus,Epstein-Barr virus,herpes simplex virus 1&2,and human immunodeficiency *** autoanti-body test results were negative,including anti-smooth muscle antibody,anti-mitochondrial antibody,and anti-liver kidney microsome 1 *** resonance cholangiopancreatography ruled out biliary causes of elevated LFTs,and her core liver biopsy proved *** the course of her hospital stay,the patient's LFTs improved with supportive care and without *** Idiopathic hepatitis makes treatment *** can leave patients feeling confused and ***,educating the patient thoroughly for shared decision-making and manag

关键词： Acute hepatitis Acute liver injury Idiopathic hepatitis Acute hepatitis of unknown etiology Case report

Utility of current thrombophilia screening in young patients with stroke and TIA

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2018年第4期3卷 231-236页

作者： Vafa Alakbarzade Alice Taylor marie Scully Robert Simister Arvind Chandratheva Hyper-acute Stroke Unit University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Department of Haematology University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK

Introduction Approximately 40%of strokes in young adults are *** diagnostic yield of thrombophilia screening remains *** aimed to determine utility of current thrombophilia testing for young patients with stroke and transient ischaemic attack(TIA).Methods We present a retrospective review of all patients with stroke and TIA≤60 years presenting to University College London Hospital stroke unit and daily TIA clinic from 1 January 2015 to 1 August *** clinical records and thrombophilia tests,including factor V Leiden(FVL),prothrombin G20210A mutation(PGM),antiphospholipid antibody(APA),and protein S,C and antithrombin(AT)levels,were *** The mean age of 628 patients with stroke and TIA was 49.1 years(SD 9.2).Thrombophilia testing was performed in 360(57%)patients,including 171 with stroke and 189 with *** tests were found in 50(14%)patients,of whom 24 patients were<50 *** results were found in 36(10%)with acute ischaemic stroke,4(1%)with haemorrhagic stroke and 10(3%)with *** patients(4%)had homozygous/heterozygous FVL or PGM,and 27(7.5%)had positive APA(anticardiolipin antibody,anti-β2 glycoprotein antibody or lupus anticoagulant).Of 27(7.5%)patients with protein C,S or AT deficiency,10(2.8%)had primary deficiency,presumed hereditary with other secondary causes excluded.9%of patients with protein C,S or AT and 27%with APA were followed by confirmatory *** Thrombophilia testing was positive in only 14%of cases *** mutations and protein C,S or AT abnormalities were found rarely and were very uncommon in patients with ***-up of abnormal results was generally poor for all groups,which further limited the impact of the thrombophilia testing policy.

关键词： patients testing TIA

Core-shell particles of C-doped CdS and graphene: A noble metal-free approach for efficient photocatalytic H_(2) generation

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Green Energy & Environment 2020年第4期5卷 461-472页

作者： Muhammad Zubair Estelle marie M.Vanhaecke Ingeborg-Helene Svenum Magnus RФnning Jia Yang Department of Chemical Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)Sem Sælands vei 4TrondheimNO7491Norway SINTEF Industry P.O.Box 4760 TorgardenTrondheimNO7465Norway

To achieve efficient photocatalytic H_(2) generation from water using earth-abundant and cost-effective materials,a simple synthesis method for carbon-doped CdS particles wrapped with graphene(C-doped CdS@G)is *** doping effect and the application of graphene as cocatalyst for CdS is studied for photocatalytic H_(2) *** most active sample consists of CdS and graphene(CdS-0.15G)exhibits promising photocatalytic activity,producing 3.12 mmol g^-(1) h^-(1) of H_(2) under simulated solar light which is^4.6 times superior than pure CdS nanoparticles giving an apparent quantum efficiency(AQY)of 11.7%.The enhanced photocatalytic activity for H_(2) generation is associated to the narrowing of the bandgap,enhanced light absorption,fast interfacial charge transfer,and higher carrier density(N_(D))in C-doped CdS@G *** is achieved by C doping in CdS nanoparticles and the formation of a graphene shell over the C-doped CdS *** stability test,the spent catalysts sample was also characterized to investigate the nanostructure.

关键词： C-doped CdS@G Core-shell nanostructure Photocatalytic H2 generation Graphene Carbon doping in CdS Bandgap narrowing