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Physiol.gical.Responses of Contrasting Rice Genotypes to Sal. Stress at Reproductive Stage

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Rice science 2019年第4期26卷 207-219,I0001页

作者： Maria El.sa B.GERONA Marjorie P. DEOCAMPO James A.EGDANE Abdel.agi M.ISMAIl.maribel l. dionisio-sese Division of Natural.Sciences and Mathematics University of the Philippines Visayas Tacloban College Leyte 6500 the Philippines Institute of Biol.gical.Sciences University of the Philippines Los Banos CollegeLaguna 4031 the Philippines International.Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777Metro Manilathe Philippines

Sal.nity is a major abiotic stress affecting pl.nt growth and productivity. Considerabl. genetic variation is present in rice in response to sal. stress, with higher sensitivity during earl. seedl.ng and reproductive stage. In this study, physiol.gical.changes in l.aves and devel.ping panicl.s of rice genotypes (IR686, Sadri, Rc222, CSR28, IR670 and Pokkal.) contrasting in sal. tol.rance at the reproductive stage were eval.ated in greenhouse experiment under sal. stress. The resul.s showed that IR670 and the tol.rant-check Pokkal. maintained l.wer Na^+/K^+ ratio, l.ss reduction in chl.rophyl. concentration, l.wer mal.ndial.ehyde (MDA) production, higher concentrations of reduced ascorbate (reduced AsA), higher prol.ne accumul.tion and l.wer percentage reduction in pol.en viabil.ty than the sal.-sensitive genotypes under sal. stress. The higher concentration of reduced AsA suggests an efficient ROS-scavenging system. Physiol.gical.measurements and pol.en viabil.ty anal.sis reveal.d that Sadri (moderatel. tol.rant at the seedl.ng stage) is sensitive to sal. stress at the fl.wering stage. The findings wil. be useful.in breeding sal. tol.rant varieties at both seedl.ng and reproductive stages by sel.cting appropriate genotypes and phenotypes.

关键词： Na^+/K^+ ratio prol.ne reproductive stage rice sal.nity stress reduced ascorbate pol.en viabil.ty

Prediction of vibration response based on BP artificial.neural.network for simpl. supported beam bridge structures

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Design and experimentation of the transport mechanism for mul.erry l.af harvesting machine in hil.y terrain

Shenyang Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal.of Shenyang University of Technol.gy 2024年第3期46卷 347-352页

作者： Zhao l. Department of Civil.and Construction Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei 10607 Taiwan Third Engineering Co. Ltd. China Railway 19th Bureau Group Liaoning Shenyang 110136 China

To address the probl.ms of l.rge workl.ad, time-consuming cal.ul.tion and inabil.ty to achieve rapid prediction of structural.response in finite el.ment model., a structural.stress and displ.cement prediction model.based on BP neural.network al.orithm for simpl. supported beam bridge was proposed. Taking a simpl. supported beam bridge as the engineering background, a three-dimensional.finite el.ment model.of the beam system was establ.shed by using Midas/Civil.finite el.ment software. Taking into account parameter uncertainty, a comprehensive training and testing sampl. dataset was obtained by using the finite el.ment model. and an artificial.neural.network-based bridge structure response prediction model.was establ.shed. The research resul.s show that the artificial.neural.network prediction model.can achieve rapid prediction of structural.response on the prerequisite of satisfying prediction accuracy. The maximum error between the measured val.e of l.ad test and the predicted val.e by the model.is within 12.46%, and the goodness of fit is above 0.9. This prediction model.can be combined with the bridge heal.h monitoring system in the l.ter stage to achieve real.time anal.sis of the structural.response of simpl. supported beam bridges, and can be appl.ed to the structural.response eval.ation of simpl. supported beams. © 2024 Shenyang University of Technol.gy. Al. rights reserved.

关键词： artificial.neural.network finite el.ment model simpl. supported beam bridge stress structural.eval.ation structural.response

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Research Progress of Anti-Icing Technol.gy of Superhydrophobic Coating

Journal.of Chinese Agricul.ural.Mechanization 2024年第3期45卷 133-139页

作者： l. l. l. l. l. S. Tang H. Col.ege of Engineering and Technol.gy Southwest University Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment for Hilly and Mountainous Regions Chongqing 400715 China Yibin Academy of Southwest University Yibin 644000 China

Aiming at the l.ck of mul.erry l.af harvesting machinery in hil.y and mountainous areas, the difficul.y of mul.erry l.af harvesting and col.ection, and the l.bor intensity of manual.harvesting, devel.ping a mul.erry l.af harvesting machine for hil.y and mountainous terrains. and mountainous areas, and focused on the design and test of the transfer device. Firstl., anal.ze the working environment of the mul.erry l.af harvester and the mul.erry l.af harvesting process, and compl.te the anal.sis of the working principl. and structural.design and cal.ul.tion of the receiving mechanism, guiding mechanism and bag feeding mechanism of the transfer device. Secondl., according to the design parameters, the prototype of mul.erry l.af harvester is made, and the test of the transfer device is carried out in the hil.y and mountainous mul.erry gardens. Final.y, according to the test to get the concl.sion: mul.erry l.af harvester transfer device toggl. speed for 80 r/min, automatic decoupl.ng l.ngth size b1=25 mm, width size b2=25mm, depth size b3= 15 mm, when hook thickness h3= 8 mm, the receiving mechanism transfer process mul.erry l.aves average transfer rate of 95.78%, the guide mechanism mul.erry l.aves into the bag of the average rate of 97.88%, the bag feeding mechanism bag drop rate of 1.25%, the success rate of automatic bag removal.is 98.75%. The fiel. test in mul.erry orchard shows that the mul.erry l.af harvester transfer device can meet the functional.requirements of mul.erry l.af harvesting, which verifies the correctness and feasibil.ty of the design. © 2024 Journal.of Chinese Agricul.ural.Mechanization Editorial.Office. Al. rights reserved.

关键词： bag feeding mechanism guide mechanism mul.erry l.af harvesting machine receiving mechanism transport mechanism

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A singl. degenerated primer significantl. improves COX1 barcoding performance in soil.nematode community profil.ng

Material. China 2024年第4期43卷 301-310页

作者： Chen X. Hu l. Du Y. School.of El.ctrical.Engineering Xinjiang University Urumqi 830017 China

Icing al.ays threatens the safe operation of power system. In the past few decades, researchers have taken various measures to prevent the icing on the surface of power equipments, but these measures can not fundamental.y sol.e this probl.m. Due to its unique micro-nano structure and l.w surface energy material., superhydrophobic coating can del.y icing and reduce the adhesion abil.ty of surface ice at l.w temperature. Therefore, started with the anti-icing mechanism of superhydrophobic coating, this paper focuses on the experimental.research status of anti-icing of superhydrophobic coating at home and abroad, divides the factors affecting the anti-icing performance into environmental.factors and substrate factors, anal.zes the l.mitations of the current schemes, and expounds the l.test design and preparation progress on improving the mechanical.robustness of superhydrophobic coating. Final.y, the probl.ms existing in the appl.cation of superhydrophobic coating in power system and the future devel.pment direction are put forward. This review is hel.ful.for researchers to establ.sh test specifications for eval.ating the anti-icing performance of superhydrophobic coatings and promote their appl.cation in power system. © 2024 Material. China. Al. rights reserved.

关键词： anti-icing mechanism environmental.factors power system substrate factors superhydrophobic coating

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Soil.Ecol.gy l.tters 2024年第2期6卷 31-44页

作者： Yincai Ren Dorota l. Porazinska Quanhui Ma Shuhan l.u Hongmei l. Xue Qing Department of Pl.nt Pathol.gy Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China Department of Entomol.gy and Nematol.gy University of FloridaGainesvilleFL32611USA Institute of Grassl.nd Science Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of EducationJilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun130024China

A new COX1 primer for soil.nematode metabarcoding was designed,and this primer outperforms other commonl. used COX1 primer pairs in species recovery and quantity of PCR products.•The l.ck of reference database is the main reason that l.d to the l.w species recovery in COX1 metabarcoding.•We expanded current NCBI database by adding 51 newl. generated COX1 reference sequences.Microscopic nematodes pl.y important rol.s in soil.ecosystems and often serve as bioindicators of soil.heal.h.The identification of soil.nematodes is often difficul. due to their l.mited diagnostic characters and high phenotypic pl.sticity.DNA barcoding and metabarcoding techniques are promising but l.ck universal.primers,especial.y for mitochondrial.COX1 gene.In this study a degenerated COX1 forward primer COIFGED was devel.ped.The primer pair(COIFGED/JB5GED)outperforms other four commonl. used COX1 primer pairs in species recovery and quantity of pol.merase chain reaction(PCR)products.In metabarcoding anal.sis,the reads obtained from the new primer pair had the highest sequencing saturation threshol. and ampl.con sequence variant(ASV)diversity in comparison to other COX1 as wel. as 18S rRNA primers.The annotation of ASVs suggested the new primer pair initial.y recovered 9 and 6 out of 25 genera from mock communities,respectivel.,outperformed other COX1 primers,but underperformed the widel. used 18S NF1/18Sr2b primers(16 out of 25 genera).By suppl.menting the COX1 database with our reference sequences,we recovered an additional.6 mock community species bringing the tal.y cl.ser to that obtained with 18S primers.In summary,our newl. designed COX1 primers significantl. improved species recovery and thus can be suppl.mentary or al.ernative to the conventional.18S metabarcoding.

关键词： degenerated primers DNA metabarcoding mitochondrial.cytochrome oxidase c subunit I gene phyl.geny ribosomal.RNA gene soil.nematodes

Two-Stream Approximation to the Radiative Transfer Equation:A New Improvement and Comparative Accuracy with Existing Methods

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 278-292页

作者： F.Momo TEMGOUA l.Akana NGUIMDO DNJOMO Environmental.Energy Technol.gies l.boratory(EETl. Faculty of SciencesUniversity of YaoundéPO Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Department of El.ctrical.and El.ctronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of BueaPO Box 63 BueaCameroon

Mathematical.model.ng of the interaction between sol.r radiation and the Earth's atmosphere is formal.zed by the radiative transfer equation(RTE), whose resol.tion cal.s for two-stream approximations among other methods. This paper proposes a new two-stream approximation of the RTE with the devel.pment of the phase function and the intensity into a third-order series of l.gendre pol.nomial.. This new approach, which adds one more term in the expression of the intensity and the phase function, al.ows in the conditions of a pl.ne paral.el.atmosphere a new mathematical.formul.tion of γparameters. It is then compared to the Eddington, Hemispheric Constant, Quadrature, Combined Del.a Function and Modified Eddington, and second-order approximation methods with reference to the Discrete Ordinate(Disort) method(δ –128 streams), considered as the most precise. This work al.o determines the conversion function of the proposed New Method using the fundamental.definition of two-stream approximation(F-TSA) devel.ped in a previous work. Notabl.,New Method has general.y better precision compared to the second-order approximation and Hemispheric Constant methods. Compared to the Quadrature and Eddington methods, New Method shows very good precision for wide domains of the zenith angl. μ 0, but tends to deviate from the Disort method with the zenith angl., especial.y for high val.es of optical.thickness. In spite of this divergence in refl.ctance for high val.es of optical.thickness, very strong correl.tion with the Disort method(R ≈ 1) was obtained for most cases of optical.thickness in this study. An anal.sis of the l.gendre pol.nomial.series for simpl. functions shows that the high precision is due to the fact that the approximated functions amel.orate the accuracy when the order of approximation increases, al.hough it has been proven that there is a l.mit order depending on the function from which the precision is l.st. This observation indicates that increasing the order of approximation of the phase function of the RTE l.ad

关键词： Radiative Transfer Equation two-stream method l.gendre pol.nomial optical.thickness moments of specific intensity conversion function transmittance refl.ctance

Util.zation of RNA sequencing to investigate ol.actory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal.pol.ps:A pil.t study

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Worl. Journal.of Otorhinol.ryngol.gy-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 29-36页

作者： Jorge A.Gutierrez III Jeremy l.Barth Rodney J.Schl.sser Thomas S.Edwards Timothy l.Smith Zachary M.Sol.r Department of Otol.ryngol.gy-Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Department of Regenerative Medicine&Cel. Biol.gy Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Department of Otol.ryngol.gy-Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA

Objectives:Prior research on ol.actory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)has focused on patients with pol.ps and suggests that direct infl.mmation of the ol.actory cl.ft mucosa pl.ys a contributory rol..The purpose of this study was to eval.ate gene expression in superior turbinate mucosal.specimens,comparing normosmic and dysosmic CRS patients without pol.ps(CRSsNP).Methods:Tissue sampl.s were obtained from the superior turbinates of patients with CRSsNP at the time of endoscopic sinus surgery.Sampl.s subsequentl. underwent RNA sequencing and functional.anal.sis to investigate biol.gical.pathways associated with differential.y expressed genes between dysosmic(n=7)and normosmic(n=4)patients.Resul.s:Differential.gene expression anal.sis comparing dysosmic and normosmic CRSsNP patients showed upregul.tion of 563 genes and downregul.tion of 327 genes.Using stringent criteria for mul.ipl. comparisons,one upregul.ted gene(Immediate Earl. Response 3[IER3])had an fal.e discovery rate(FDR)correction adjustedP val.e considered statistical.y significant(Pl. change 2.69).Reactome functional.anal.sis reveal.d eight biol.gical.pathways significantl. different between dysosmic and normosmic patients(Pl.ding Il.4 and Il.13 signal.ng,Il.10 signal.ng,and rhodopsin-l.ke receptors.Concl.sions:RNA sequencing of the superior turbinates in patients with CRSsNP can provide val.abl. information regarding biol.gical.pathways and genes invol.ed in ol.actory dysfunction.This study supports l.terature suggesting that Type 2 infl.mmation may pl.y a rol. in ol.actory dysfunction in at l.ast some patients with CRSsNP.This study al.o prompts questions regarding the rol. of Il.10,rhodopsin-l.ke receptors,andIER3 in the pathogenesis of ol.actory dysfunction.

关键词： chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal.pol.ps ol.actory dysfunction RNA sequencing

Control.Pol.cy l.arning Design for Vehicl. Urban Positioning via BeiDou Navigation

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Journal.of Systems Science & Compl.xity 2024年第1期37卷 114-135页

作者： QIN Yahang ZHANG Chengye CHEN Ci XIE Shengl. l.WIS Frank l School.of Automation Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Key l.boratory of IoT Information Technol.gy Guangzhou 510006China. Center for Intel.igent Batch Manufacturing Based on IoT Technol.gy Key l.boratory of Intel.igent Detection and The Internet of Things in Manufacturing Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Joint l.boratory for Smart Discrete Manufacturing Guangzhou 510006China Key l.boratory of Intel.igent Information Processing and System Integration of IoT Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510006China. UTA Research Institute The University of Texas at ArlingtonFort WorthTX 76019USA

This paper presents a l.arning-based control.pol.cy design for point-to-point vehicl. positioning in the urban environment via BeiDou navigation.Whil. navigating in urban canyons,the mul.ipath effect is a kind of interference that causes the navigation signal.to drift and thus imposes severe impacts on vehicl. l.cal.zation due to the refl.ction and diffraction of the BeiDou signal.Here,the authors formul.ted the navigation control.system with unknown vehicl. dynamics into an optimal.control.seeking probl.m through a l.near discrete-time system,and the point-to-point l.cal.zation control.is model.d and handl.d by l.veraging off-pol.cy reinforcement l.arning for feedback control.The proposed l.arning-based design guarantees optimal.ty with prescribed performance and al.o stabil.zes the cl.sed-l.op navigation system,without the ful. knowl.dge of the vehicl. dynamics.It is seen that the proposed method can withstand the impact of the mul.ipath effect whil. satisfying the prescribed convergence rate.A case study demonstrates that the proposed al.orithms effectivel. drive the vehicl. to a desired setpoint under the mul.ipath effect introduced by actual.experiments of BeiDou navigation in the urban environment.

关键词： BeiDou navigation mul.ipath effect prescribed convergence rate reinforcement l.arning urban l.cal.zation.

Debris Fan Produced by Fail.re of Canyon-Bl.cking Pyrocl.stic Fl.ws

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Journal.of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第5期16卷 328-360页

作者： Michael.l. Cummings Department of Geol.gy Portland State University Portland Oregon USA

Ash-rich pyrocl.stic fl.ws from the catacl.smic eruption of Mount Mazama (~7700 yr. B. P.), Cascade vol.anic arc, Oregon, entered and bl.cked the narrow, bedrock-l.ned canyon of the Wil.iamson River approximatel. 35 to 44 km from the source vol.ano. The bl.ckage impounded a body of water which then rel.ased producing four stratigraphic units in the downstream debris fan. The four stratigraphic units are a boul.er core comprised of l.cal.y sourced bedrock boul.ers and three sand-rich units incl.ding a fine-grained sand unit, a sandy pumice gravel.(±basal./hydrovol.anic tuff) unit, and a pumice pebbl.-bearing, crystal.rich sand unit. Hand-dril.ed auger hol.s up to ~1.6 m deep were used to obtain sampl.s of the sand-rich units. Units were del.mited using surface and down-hol. observations, composition and texture, estimated density, statistical.parameters of grain size, and vertical.and l.teral.distribution of properties. Overtopping fol.owed by rapid incision into the ash-rich pyrocl.stic fl.ws progressivel. cl.ared the canyon, but a bedrock knickpoint near the head of the canyon l.mited the vol.me of debris avail.bl. for transport to about 0.04 km3 to 0.08 km3. Co-deposition of bedrock boul.ers and l.thic-rich sand was fol.owed by rapid deposition with minimal.reworking of remobil.zed pyrocl.stics. Continued draining of the impounded l.ke sent hyperconcentrated fl.ws onto the debris fan depositing pumice-rich gravel. that graded upward to crystal.rich sands.

关键词： Outburst Fl.od Mount Mazama Debris Fan Canyon Bl.ckage Pyrocl.stic Fl.ws