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Cra.ks Propa.a.ion a. a.Function of Gra.n Size Va.ia.ts on Na.ocrysta.line Ma.eria.s’ Yield Stress Produced by a.cumula.ive Roll-Bonding

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a.va.ces in Ma.eria.s Physics a.d Chemistry 2017年第2期7卷 58-69页

作者： P. B. Sob a. a. a.ugongo T. B. Tengen Depa.tmentof Mecha.ica. Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Vaal University of Technology Vanderbijlpark South Africa Depa.tment of Industria. Engineering a.d Opera.ions Ma.a.ement Faculty of Engineering and Technology Vaal University of Technology Vanderbijlpark South Africa

Cra.ks a.e usua.ly observed a. the edge of ma.eria.s deformed by a.cumula.ive roll bonding from conventiona. ma.eria.s to na.ostructure ma.eria.s. The observed cra.ks then propa.a.e in the ma.eria.s during gra.n refinement. The cra.ks propa.a.ion a.fects the yield stress a.d the effective fra.ture energy of na.ocrysta.line ma.eria.s. In this study, the impa.ts of cra.k propa.a.ion when mea.ured a. a.function of gra.n size va.ia.ts on na.ocrysta.line ma.eria.s’ yield stress a.e investiga.ed for a.ma.eria. deformed by a.cumula.ive roll-bonding. The study employs experimenta. da.a.a.d theoretica. concepts of severe pla.tic deforma.ion a.d cra.ks processes in na.ocrysta.line ma.eria.s. The current studies a.so focus on na.o-cra.ks tha. will not lea. to ra.id ma.eria.s fa.lure during gra.n refinement. The study revea.ed tha. cra.k propa.a.ion va.ied a. a.function of gra.n size va.ia.ts during gra.n refinement. The study a.so revea.ed tha. na.o-cra.k increa.ed during the deforma.ion of na.ostructured ma.eria.s. The study a.so revea.ed tha. the effective fra.ture energy decrea.ed a. gra.n refinement took pla.e. The study revea.ed tha. na.oma.eria.s yield stress decrea.ed with the increa.e in effective fra.ture energy. The current study suggests a.theoretica. model tha. shows the genera.ion of na.oma.eria.s cra.ks during gra.n refinement a. a.function of gra.n size va.ia.ts. In the model, the cra.ks propa.a.e on na.ocrysta.line ma.eria.s due to the compressive loa. a.plied to a.ma.eria.. The model predicts tha. the genera.ion of cra.ks a. functions of gra.n size va.ia.ts impa.ts the energy level in na.ocrysta.line ma.eria.s.

关键词： Na.ostructure Gra.n Size Va.ia.ts Stress Cra.k Energy

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Dyna.ic Cha.ges in Lipid Peroxida.ion a.d a.tioxida.t Level in Ra.’s Tissues with Ma.rovipera.lt;/i>lebetina.lt;/i>obtusa.lt;/i>a.d Montivipera.lt;/i>ra.deiVenom Intoxica.ion

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Journa. of Biophysica. Chemistry 2014年第4期5卷 152-160页

作者： N. a. Za.a.ya. N. a. Gha.a.ya. N. M. a.va.ya. Institute of Physiology Yerevan Armenia

We investiga.ed the ba.a.ce of free ra.ica.s in different tissues (liver, hea.t, bra.n a.d muscle) of ra.s in course of in vivo a.d in vitro processing by Ma.rovipera.lebetina.obtusa.(MLO) a.d Montivipera.ra.dei (MR) sna.e venoms. Chemiluminescence (ChL) levels were exa.ined in tissue a.sa.s a.ter incuba.ion (a. 37 °C for a.period of 10 min) with venom for in vitro experiments a.d in tissue a.sa.s isola.ed of 10 min a.ter venom injection for in vivo experiments. The TBa.test wa. a.so performed to confirm the free ra.ica. expression. The a.tivities of a.tioxida.t enzymes (such a. superoxide dismuta.e a.d gluta.hione peroxida.e) in isola.ed tissues were detected by spectro-photometry. During the in vitro processing chemiluminescence levels of tissue homogena.es significa.tly decrea.ed, while in course of in vivo intoxica.ion the level of ChL wa. eleva.ed in bra.n a.d liver;lipid peroxida.ion a.so increa.ed in bra.n tissue, but there wa. no significa.t ba.a.ce cha.ge in other tissues;the a.tivity of superoxide dismuta.e ma.nly correla.ed with cha.ges of free ra.ica. ba.a.ce during intoxica.ion. On the contra.y, the a.tivity of gluta.hione peroxida.e showed the reverse tendencies to cha.ge. We suggest tha. free ra.ica.s a.d their oxida.ive stresses ma. pla. a.role in the ea.ly sta.e of intoxica.ion ca.sing the so-na.ed “sprea.ing-effect”, which is very cha.a.teristic for the venom of vipers.

关键词： hemiluminescence Lipid Peroxida.ion Superoxide Dismuta.e Gluta.hione Peroxida.e Ma.rovipera lebetina obtusa Montivipera ra.dei

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Investiga.ion of Some Possible Mecha.isms Involved in the a.ticonvulsa.t a.tivity of Tulba.hia.viola.ea.Ha.v

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Journa. of Pha.ma.y a.d Pha.ma.ology 2017年第9期5卷 616-627页

作者： K. a. a. Ma.oud Okobi E Ekpo G. J. a.a.eoku Depa.tment of Medica. Biosciences University of the Western Cape Bellville 7535 South Africa School of Pha.ma.y Faculty of Natural Science University of the Western Cape Bellville 7535 South Africa

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Threshold Pa.a.eter for the Control of Unemployment in the Society: Ma.hema.ica. Model a.d a.a.ysis

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Journa. of a.plied Ma.hema.ics a.d Physics 2018年第12期6卷 2563-2578页

作者： a. B. Ka.eem S. a. a.imi M. O. Ibra.im Depa.tment of Science a.d Resea.ch IQRA College Ilorin Nigeria Depa.tment of Ma.hema.ics University of Ilorin Ilorin Nigeria

Unemployment is one of the ma.or vices in our contempora. society, which weigh grea.ly on the economy of such na.ion. It is a.so, a.fa.t tha. knowing ones enemy before ba.tle gives 50 per cent cha.ce of victory;thus, this resea.ch a.med a. providing understa.ding a.out dyna.ics of unemployment with considera.ion for retirement a.d possible control criterion. a.d the objectives a.e;formula.ion of ma.hema.ica. model using the concept of deterministic model a.d ma.hema.ica. epidemiology;then, model a.a.ysis. The model a.a.ysis includes, a.numerica. semi-a.a.ytica. scheme for investiga.ing va.idity of a.a.ytica. solutions. The result of the a.a.ysis were tha.: 1) the model wa. ma.hema.ica.ly well-pose a.d biologica.ly mea.ingful 2) two equilibria.points exist, a.d 3) a.threshold for recruitment from the pool of unemployment, a.suring victory in the fight a.a.nst unemployment wa. a.so, obta.ned. The threshold is required to be well ma.a.ed in order to win the ba.tle a.a.nst the socio-vice (unemployment) in the contempora.y society. In a.dition, va.ia.iona. itera.ive method (VIM) is the numerica. semi-a.a.ytic scheme employed to solve the model;thus, the a.proxima.e solution ga.e a.pra.tica. mea.ingful interpreta.ion supporting the a.a.ytica. results a.d proof of verdict of a.sumptions of the model. The a.ticle concluded with three points;everyone ha. roles to pla. to curta.l the socio-mena.e, beseech government a.d policy ma.ers to look kindly, a.d crea.e policy(ies) to susta.n popula.ion growth, a.d the retiree should a.so, pla. live a.ter service, beca.se over dependence on pension scheme could be died before dea.h beca.se of corruption in the scheme.

关键词： Unemployment a.tive Pa.sive Recruitment Threshold a.d Semi-a.a.ytic Scheme

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Signed (b,k)-Edge Covers in Gra.hs

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Intelligent Informa.ion Ma.a.ement 2010年第2期2卷 143-148页

作者： a. N. Gha.eshlou a. Khodka. R. Sa.i S.M. Sheikholesla.i 不详

Let be a.simple gra.h with vertex set a.d edge set . Let ha.e a. lea.t vertices of degree a. lea.t , where a.d a.e positive integers. a.function is sa.d to be a.signed -edge cover of if for a. lea.t vertices of , where . The va.ue , ta.ing over a.l signed -edge covers of is ca.led the signed -edge cover number of a.d denoted by . In this pa.er we give some bounds on the signed -edge cover number of gra.hs.

关键词： Signed Sta. Domina.ing Function Signed Sta. Domina.ion Number Signed -edge Cover Signed -edge Cover Number

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Initia.ion of Isonia.id Prophyla.tic Thera.y a.ong Newly Dia.nosed HIV-Positive Persons in Three High HIV-Burden Districts of South a.rica

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World Journa. of a.DS 2020年第2期10卷 107-118页

作者： H. N. Fomunda. a. R. Tesfa. S. a. Mushipe H. T. Nya.bi a. La.sen M. Cheyip G. a.na.em a. K. Wutoh Howa.d University Globa. Initia.ive Johannesburg South Africa US Centers for Disea.e Control a.d Prevention Johannesburg South Africa

Ba.kground: South a.rica.is experiencing the worst HIV-driven tuberculosis (TB) epidemic in the world. More tha. 300,000 new ca.es of a.tive TB a.e reported in the country ea.h yea. with 60% co-infected with HIV. Isonia.id preventive thera.y (IPT) is a.key public hea.th intervention for the prevention of TB a.ong people living with HIV (PLHIV) a.d is recommended a. pa.t of a.comprehensive HIV a.d a.DS ca.e stra.egy. However, progra. da.a.suggests tha. covera.e of IPT service to be very low. This study a.ms to a.sess IPT initia.ion ra.e a.ong newly dia.nosed HIV-positive persons in three high HIV-burden districts of South a.rica. Methods: a.cross-sectiona. study wa. conducted using routine da.a.genera.ed from pre-a.T a.d a.T progra.s in 35 purposively selected prima.y hea.th ca.e (PHC) clinics in South a.rica. The fa.ilities were selected from three high HIV-burden districts with a.mix of urba. a.d rura. settings. TB screening a.d IPT initia.ion sta.us wa. a.sessed within a.window period of one-yea. post HIV dia.nosis. Initia.ion ra.e of IPT services a.ong newly dia.nosed HIV-positive persons wa. a.sessed. The chi-squa.ed test wa. used to determine whether there wa. a.significa.t difference in the proportion of newly dia.nosed HIV-positive persons who were initia.ed on IPT by sex, a.e group, pregna.cy sta.us, hea.th fa.ility, district a.d loca.ion of fa.ility. Results: We identified 12,413 newly dia.nosed HIV pa.ients a.ed 12-yea.s-old a.d a.ove between June 1, 2014 a.d Ma.ch 31, 2015. TB screening wa. not conducted a.ong 33% of newly dia.nosed HIV-positive persons to rule out or confirm the presence of a.tive TB. IPT wa. initia.ed in 42.2% of known IPT-eligible HIV-positive persons. Initia.ion of IPT services wa. lower in younger pa.ients a.ed 12 to 20-yea.s-old compa.ed to older pa.ients. The proportion of pregna.t women who were initia.ed on IPT wa. higher compa.ed to the proportion in non-pregna.t women (51.0% a.d 40.1% respectively;P < 0.05)

关键词： Isonia.id Prophyla.is Thera.y TB HIV

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The Effect of Pa.ka.ing Sha.e on the Distribution of Electric a.d Ma.netic Fields a.d Sa. Induced in 3D Models of Wa.er Conta.ners

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Journa. of Electroma.netic a.a.ysis a.d a.plica.ions 2014年第9期6卷 213-232页

作者： Ma.er a. a. a.delsa.ie Russly B. a.dul Ra.ma. Shuha.mi Musta.a.Dzulkifly Ha.him 1Ha.a. Products Resea.ch Institute Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia 2Department of Process & Food Engineering Faculty of Engineering (UPM) Serdang Malaysia 3Faculty of Food Science & Technology University Putra Malaysia (UPM) Serdang Malaysia Ha.a. Products Resea.ch Institute Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia

In this study, two softwa.e pa.ka.es using different numerica. techniques—FEKO 6.3 with Finite-Element Method (FEM) a.d XFDTD 7 with Finite Difference Time Doma.n Method (FDTD)—were used to a.sess exposure of 3D models of squa.e-, recta.gula.-, spherica.- a.d pyra.ida.-sha.ed wa.er conta.ners to electroma.netic wa.es a. 300, 900, a.d 2400 MHz frequencies. Using the FEM simula.ion technique, the pea. electric field of 25, 4.5, 3, a.d 2 V/m a. 300 MHz a.d 15.75, 1.5, 1.8 a.d 1.75 V/m a. 900 MHz were observed in pyra.ida.-, recta.gula.-, spherica.-, a.d squa.esha.ed 3D conta.ner models, respectively. The FDTD simula.ion method confirmed a.pea. electric field of 12.782, 10.907, 0.81867 a.d 10.625 V/m a. 2400 MHz in the pyra.ida.-, squa.e-, spherica.-, a.d recta.gula.-sha.ed 3D models, respectively. The study demonstra.ed a. exceptiona.ly high level of electric field in the wa.er in the two identica. pyra.id-sha.ed 3D models a.a.yzed using the two different simula.ion techniques. Both FEM a.d FDTD simula.ion techniques indica.ed va.ia.ions in the distribution of electric, ma.netic fields, a.d specific a.sorption ra.e of wa.er stored inside the 3D conta.ner models. The study successfully demonstra.ed tha. sha.e a.d dimensions of 3D models significa.tly influence the electric a.d ma.netic fields inside pa.ka.ed ma.eria.s;thus, specific a.sorption ra.es in the stored wa.er va.y a.cording to the sha.e a.d dimensions of the pa.ka.ing ma.eria.s.

关键词： Sa. EM Simula.ion Sha.e Effect FDTD FEM

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a.Discrete Model of the Eva.escent Light Emission from Ultra.Thin La.ers

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Journa. of Ma.eria.s Science a.d Chemica. Engineering 2015年第5期3卷 30-36页

作者： N. Mirchin E. Ta.nous I. La.sker a. La.htma. a. Peled Electronic Engineering Depa.tment Holon Institute of Technology Holon Israel Science Depa.tment Holon Institute of Technology Holon Israel

a.discrete model of the Differentia. Eva.escent Light Intensity (DELI) technique wa. developed to ca.cula.e a.d ma. 3D na.ola.ers thicknesses from the eva.escent light intensity ca.tured from optica. wa.eguides. The model wa. used for ultra.thin Pd na.ometric la.ers sputtered on gla.s substra.es. The la.ers thickness profiles were displa.ed in 3D a.d 1D profiles plots. The tota. thickness profiles of the ultra.thin Pd films obta.ned in the ra.ge of 1-10 nm were va.ida.ed using a.M mea.urements. Ba.ed on the model developed the eva.escent photon extra.tion pa.a.eter of the ma.eria. wa. estima.ed.

关键词： Eva.escent Wa.es Light Sca.tering Thin Na.ofilms Thickness Profiles Optica. Na.oscopy

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Va.ida.ion of TRMM a.d FEWS Sa.ellite Ra.nfa.l Estima.es with Ra.n Ga.ge Mea.urement over a.ha.ti Region, Gha.a

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a.mospheric a.d Clima.e Sciences 2016年第4期6卷 500-518页

作者： Leona.d K. a.ekudzi Ma.ia. a. Osei Winifred a. a.ia. Jeffrey N. a. a.yee Ma.reen a. a.ia.a.u Emma.uel Qua.sa. Kwa.i Preko Sylvester K. Da.uor a.drea. H. Fink Meteorology a.d Clima.e Science Unit Department of Physics Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Gha.a.Meteorologica. a.ency Accra Ghana Ka.lsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research Karlsruhe Germany

Sa.ellite ra.nfa.l estima.es ha.e predomina.tly been used for clima.e impa.t studies due to poor ra.n ga.ge network in sub-Sa.a.a. a.rica. However, there a.e limited microsca.e studies within the sub-region tha. ha.e a.sessed the performa.ce of these sa.ellite products, which is the focus of the present study. This pa.er therefore considers va.ida.ion of Tropica. Ra.nfa.l Mea.uring Mission (TRMM) a.d Fa.ine Ea.ly Wa.ning System (FEWS) sa.ellite estima.es with ra.n ga.ge mea.urements over a.ha.ti region of Gha.a. First, a.consistency a.sessment of the two ga.ge da.a.products, the a.toma.ic Ra.n Ga.ge (a.G) a.d Gha.a.Meteorologica. a.ency (GMet) Sta.da.d Ra.n Ga.ge (SRG) mea.urements, wa. performed. This showed a.very good a.reement with correla.ion coefficient of 0.99. Secondly, sa.ellite ra.nfa.l products from TRMM a.d FEWS were va.ida.ed with the two ga.ge mea.urements. Va.ida.ion results showed good a.reement with correla.ion coefficients of 0.6 a.d 0.7 for TRMM a.d FEWS with SRG, a.d 0.87 a.d 0.86 for TRMM a.d FEWS with a.G respectively. Proba.ility Of Detection (POD) a.d Volumetric Hit Index (VHI) were found to be grea.er tha. 0.9. Volumetric Critica. Success Index (VCSI) wa. 0.9 a.d 0.8 for TRMM a.d FEWS respectively with low Fa.se a.a.m Ra.io (Fa.) a.d insignifica.t Volumetric Miss Index (VMI). In genera., rela.ively low bia.es a.d RMSE va.ues were observed. The bia.es were less tha. 1.3 a.d 0.8 for TRMM a.d FEWS-RFE respectively. These indica.e high ra.nfa.l detection ca.a.ilities of both sa.ellite products. In a.dition, both TRMM a.d FEWS were a.le to ca.ture the onset, pea. a.d cessa.ion of the ra.ny sea.on, a. well a. the dry spells. a.though TRMM a.d FEWS sometimes under/overestima.ed ra.nfa.l, they ha.e the potentia. to be used for a.ricultura. a.d other hydro-clima.ic impa.t studies over the region. The Dyna.ic-a.rosol-Cloud-Chemistry Intera.tions in West a.rica.(Da.CIWa. project will provide a. improved spa.ia. ga.ge network da.a.a.e over the study a.e

关键词： Ra.n Ga.ge Va.ida.ion TRMM a.d FEWS-RFE Da.CIWa.Project a.ha.ti Region

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Geologic-Geophysica. Indica.ors of the Deep Structure of Zones of Geotherma. a.oma.ies for a.loca.ion of Cha.nels of the Deep Hea. a.d Ma.s Tra.sfer

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Open Journa. of Geology 2017年第9期7卷 1452-1463页

作者： R. a. Umurza.ov H. a. a.idov G. Yu. Yulda.hev Ta.hkent Sta.e Technica. University Tashkent Uzbekistan FE “Surhon Ga. Chemica. Opera.ing Compa.y” Ltd. Tashkent Uzbekistan SC “Uzbekgeophysics” Tashkent Uzbekistan

On the ba.is of the a.a.ysis of field thermogeochemica. da.a.a.ong a.norma. zones of a.therma. strea. in the Bukha.a.Khiva. oil-a.d-ga. region of the Tura. (Tegermen, Cha.a.ul, Shimoly a.a., Beshtepa. wa. succeeded to obta.n importa.t da.a.on a.deep structure of sites. Da.a.of ga.-chemica. a.d geotherma. observa.ions show a.out confinedness of a.norma. concentra.ion of metha.e to zones of the increa.ed va.ues of the tempera.ure field the mea.ured va.ues of tempera.ures (Tegermen Squa.e a.d others). On geoelectric section mines 2-D of inversion of the MT-field depth of 4000 m a.e lower, a.ong very high-resista.ce the chemogenic a.d ca.bona.e deposits of the Pa.eozoic is tra.ed the subvertica. ca.rying-out a.norma. zone. This zone is identified a. the cha.nel of a.deep hea. a.d ma.s tra.sfer with which hydroca.bon (HC) deposits a.e connected. It is shown tha. electro-investiga.ion when using a.geophysica. complex ca. a.d ha. to become “a.va.cing” a. explora.ion by oil a.d ga..

关键词： a.oma.y of the Therma. Field Thermogeochemica. Da.a Juvenile Ga.es Cha.nel Hea. a.d Ma.s Tra.sfer Deep Structure Geoelectric Section Deposits of Oil a.d Ga.

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