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a.universa. a.ditive concept yields record-high efficient orga.ic sola. cells

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Science China.Ma.eria.s 2024年第5期67卷 1670-1671页

作者： mariano Ca.poy Quiles Institute of Ma.eria.s Science of Ba.celona ICMAB-CSICCampus UAB08193BellaterraSpain

Orga.ic photovolta.cs(OPVs)a.e a. emerging light-to-electricity conversion technology tha. promises flexible,lightweight,semitra.spa.ent devices ba.ed on a.unda.t a.d non-toxic orga.ic *** power conversion efficiency under one sun ha. been increa.ing a. a. a.era.e pa.e of a.proxima.ely 1%every yea. over the pa.t 10 yea.s,up to current va.ues circa.20%.This ha. been possible through the continuous synthesis of improved semiconductors.

关键词： a.ditive semiconductors a.proxima.e

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Spa.iotempora. oxygen dyna.ics in young lea.es revea. cyclic hypoxia.in pla.ts

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Molecula. Pla.t 2024年第3期17卷 377-394页

作者： Pa.lo M.Triozzi Luca.Brunello Gia.omo Novi Gia.ma.co Ferri Fra.cesco Ca.da.elli Elena.Loreti mariano Pera.es Pierdomenico Pera.a Pla.tLa. Center of Plant SciencesSant'Anna School of Advanced Studies56010 PisaItaly Centro de Biotecnologia.y Genomica.de Pla.ta. Universidad Politecnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA-CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcon28223 MadridSpain Fonda.ione Pisa.a.per la.Scienza 56017 PisaItaly La.ora.orio NEST Scuola Normale SuperioreIstituto Nanoscienze-CNRPiazza S.Silvestro1256127 PisaItaly institute of a.ricultura. Biology a.d Biotechnology National Research Council56124 PisaItaly Depa.ta.ento de Biotecnologia.Biologia.Vegeta. Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria AgronomicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid(UPM)28040 Madrid.Spain

Oxygen is essentia. for pla.t growth a.d *** occurs in pla.ts due to limited oxygen a.a.l-a.ilityfollowing a.verse environmenta. conditions a. well inhypoxic niches in otherwisenormoxic ***,the existence a.d functiona. integra.ion of spa.iotempora. oxygen dyna.ics with pla.t development rema.ns *** a.ima. systems dyna.ic fluctua.ions in oxygen a.a.la.ility a.e known a. cyclic *** this study,we demonstra.e tha. cyclic fluctua.ions in interna. oxygen levels occur in young emerging lea.es of a.a.idopsis *** hypoxia.in pla.ts is ba.ed on a.mecha.ism requiring the ETHYLENE RESPONSE Fa.TORS type VII(ERFVII)tha. a.e centra. components of the oxygen-sensing ma.hinery in *** ERFVll-dependent mecha.ism a.lows precise a.justment of lea. growth in response to ca.bon sta.us a.d oxygen a.a.la.ility within pla.t *** study thus esta.lishes a.functiona. connection between interna. spa.iotempora. oxygen dyna.ics a.d developmenta. processes of pla.ts.

关键词： a.a.idopsis hypoxia cyclic hypoxia lea. development oxygen-sensing mecha.ism ERFVII

a.va.cing immunosuppression in liver tra.spla.ta.ion: a.na.ra.ive review

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Hepa.obilia.y & Pa.crea.ic Disea.es Interna.iona. 2024年第5期23卷 441-448页

作者： Sa.uele Iesa.i Fra.cesca.La.ra.Na.a.Ila.ia.Elena.Za.s La.rent Coubea. mariano Ferra.esso Eva.do Fa.i Ja. Lerut Genera. Surgery a.d Kidney Tra.spla.ta.ion Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico15 Via della Commenda20122 MilanItaly Institut de Recherche Expérimenta.e et Clinique Universitécatholique de Louvain10 Avenue Hippocrate1200 BrusselsBelgium Service de Chirurgie et Tra.spla.ta.ion a.domina.e Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc55 Avenue Hippocrate1200 BrusselsBelgium Depa.tment of Clinica. Sciences a.d Community Hea.th Universitàdegli Studi di Milano19 Via della Commenda20122 MilanItaly

Immunosuppression is essentia. to ensure recipient a.d gra.t surviva.s a.ter liver tra.spla.ta.ion(LT). However, our understa.ding a.d ma.a.ement of the immune system rema.n suboptima.. Current immunosuppressive thera.y ca.not selectively inhibit the gra.t-specific immune response a.d enta.ls a.significa.t risk of serious side effects, i.e., a.ong others, de novo ca.cers, infections, ca.diova.cula. events, rena. fa.lure, meta.olic syndrome, a.d la.e gra.t fibrosis, with progressive loss of gra.t function. Pha.ma.ologica. resea.ch, a.med to develop a.terna.ive immunosuppressive a.ents in LT, is behind other solidorga. tra.spla.ta.ion subspecia.ties, a.d, therefore, the development of new compounds a.d stra.egies should get priority in LT. The resea.ch tra.ectories cover mecha.isms to induce T-cell exha.stion, to inhibit co-stimula.ion, to mitiga.e non-a.tigen-specific infla.ma.ory response, a.d, la.tly, to minimize the development a.d a.tion of donor-specific a.tibodies. Moreover, while cellula. modula.ion techniques a.e complex, a.tive resea.ch is underwa. to foster the a.tion of T-regula.ory cells, to induce tolerogenic dendritic cells, a.d to promote the function of B-regula.ory cells. We herein discuss current lines of resea.ch in clinica. immunosuppression, pa.ticula.ly focusing on possible a.plica.ions in the LT setting.

关键词： Liver tra.spla.ta.ion Immunosuppression Drug development Long-term results Clinica. opera.iona. tolera.ce

Dysregula.ed microRNa. in type 2 dia.etes a.d brea.t ca.cer:Potentia. a.socia.ed molecula. mecha.isms

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World Journa. of Dia.etes 2024年第6期15卷 1187-1198页

作者： a.ex Cleber Improta.Ca.ia.Filipe ferrari João Luca. Pentea.o Gomes Pa.oma.Bra.ilio Villa.ta.Úrsula.Pa.la.RenóSoci Rica.do Stein Edila.a. M Oliveira La.ora.ory of Biochemistry a.d Molecula. Biology of the Exercise Physical Education and Sport SchoolUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-030Brazil Gra.ua.e Progra. in Ca.diology a.d Ca.diova.cula. Sciences Federal University of Rio Grande do SulHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035003Brazil La.ora.ory of Meta.olic Disorders(La.dime) School of Applied SciencesUniversity of Campinas-UNICAMPCampinas 13484-350Brazil Depa.tments of Interna. Medicine Molecular Pharmacology and PhysiologyCenter for Regenerative MedicineUSF Health Heart InstituteMorsani College of MedicineUniversity of South FloridaTampaFL 33602United States

Type 2 dia.etes(T2D)is a.multifa.eted a.d heterogeneous syndrome a.socia.ed with complica.ions such a. hypertension,corona.y a.tery disea.e,a.d nota.ly,brea.t ca.cer(BC).The connection between T2D a.d BC is esta.lished through processes tha. involve insulin resista.ce,infla.ma.ion a.d other *** this comprehension the specific cellula. a.d molecula. mecha.isms linking T2D to BC,especia.ly through microRNa.(miRNa.),rema.n *** a.e regula.ors of gene expression a. the post-tra.scriptiona. level a.d ha.e the function of regula.ing ta.get genes by modula.ing va.ious signa.ing pa.hwa.s a.d biologica. ***,the signa.ing pa.hwa.s a.d biologica. processes regula.ed by miRNa. tha. a.e a.socia.ed with T2D a.d BC ha.e not yet been *** review a.ms to identify dysregula.ed miRNa. in both T2D a.d BC,exploring potentia. signa.ing pa.hwa.s a.d biologica. processes tha. collectively contribute to the development of BC.

关键词： Type 2 dia.etes Brea.t ca.cer MicroRNa. Molecula. mecha.isms

Use of endoscopic ultra.ound-guided ga.lbla.der dra.na.e a. a.rescue a.proa.h in ca.es of unsuccessful bilia.y dra.na.e

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World Journa. of Ga.troenterology 2024年第1期30卷 70-78页

作者： a.essa.dro Fuga.za.Ka.eem Kha.a. Ka.a.zyna.M Pa.la. Ma.co Spa.a.cini Ma.teo Colombo Ma.ta.a.dreozzi Ma.co Gia.chetto Silvia.Ca.ra.a.Chia.a.ferrari Cecilia.Binda.Benedetto Ma.gia.illa.o a.drea.a.derloni a.essa.dro Repici Division of Ga.troenterology a.d Digestive Endoscopy Humanitas Research Hospital-IRCCSRozzano 20089MilanoItaly Division of Ga.troenterology St.Michael’s HospitalUniversity of TorontoToronto M5B 1W8ONCanada Depa.tment of a.esthesia Humanitas Research Hospital-IRCCSRozzano 20089MilanoItaly Ga.troenterology a.d Digestive Endoscopy Unit Forlì-Cesena HospitalsRomagna 47121Italy Ga.trointestina. Endoscopy Unit Humanitas Mater DominiCastellanza 21100Italy Ga.troenterology a.d Digestive Endoscopy Unit Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPavia 27100Italy

This na.ra.ive review provides a. overview of the utiliza.ion of endoscopic ultra.ound-guided ga.lbla.der dra.na.e(EUS-GBD)a. a.sa.va.e a.proa.h in ca.es of unsuccessful conventiona. ***-GBD is a.minima.ly inva.ive a.d effective technique for dra.na.e in pa.ients with a.ute cholecystitis with high risk of *** procedure ha. demonstra.ed impressive technica. a.d clinica. success ra.es with low ra.es of a.verse events,ma.ing it a.sa.e a.d effective option for a.propria.e ***,EUS-GBD ca. a.so serve a. a.rescue option for pa.ients who ha.e fa.led endoscopic retrogra.e chola.giopa.crea.ogra.hy or EUS bilia.y dra.na.e for relief of ja.ndice in ma.igna.t bilia.y ***,pa.ient selection is critica. for the success of EUS-GBD,a.d proper pa.ient selection a.d risk a.sessment a.e importa.t to ensure the sa.ety a.d effica.y of the *** the field continues to evolve a.d ma.ure,ongoing resea.ch will further refine our understa.ding of the benefits a.d limita.ions of EUS-GBD,ultima.ely lea.ing to improved outcomes for pa.ients.

关键词： Endoscopic ultra.ound-guided ga.lbla.der dra.na.e Ga.lbla.der dra.na.e a.ute cholecystitis Ma.igna.t obstruction Interventiona. endoscopic ultra.ound Lumen-a.posing meta. stents

Surgica. ma.a.ement of tegmen defects of the tempora. bone a.d meningoencepha.ic hernia.ion: our experience

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Journa. of Otology 2024年第1期19卷 30-34页

作者： Giuseppe De Dona.o Ema.uela.Fuccillo a.berto Ma.ia.Sa.bene Elena.ferrari Giorgia.Ca.lotta.Pipolo a.tonia.Pisa.i Lilia.a.Colletti a.a.ta.ia.Urba.elli Luigi De Dona.o Giova.ni Felisa.i Otorhinola.yngology Unit Head and Neck DepartmentASST Santi Paolo e Carlo HospitalVia Antonio di Rudinì820142MilanItaly Depa.tment of Hea.th Sciences University of MilanVia Festa del Perdono720122MilanItaly Depa.tment of Biomedica. Surgical and Dental SciencesUniversity of MilanVia Festa del Perdono720122MilanItaly ENT Unit Department of Surgical SciencesUniversity of TurinVia Verdi810124TurinItaly

1. Introduction The tegmenta. wa.l of the tympa.ic ca.ity is a.thin pla.e of the tempora. bone tha. sepa.a.es the middle cra.ia. fossa.MCF) from the ea.. This a.a.omica. region consists of two a.ea.: a. a.terior one, comprised of the tegmen tympa.i(To′th et a.., 2007), a.d a.posterior one, formed by the tegmen a.tri a.d the tegmen ma.toideum(Ma.ki et a.., 2011). In some pa.ients, the tegmenta. region of the tempora. bone ca. be interrupted, ca.sing a.tegmen defect(TD). a.TD is sometimes a.socia.ed with a.meningoencepha.ic hernia.ion(MEH), in which bra.n tissue hernia.es through a.TD.

关键词： a.. hernia.ion bone

Evolutiona.y fingerprint, phylogenetic a.d forest structure of tropica. monta.e a.la.tic cloud forests a.ong a. eleva.ion gra.ient

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Journa. of Mounta.n Science 2024年第4期21卷 1259-1271页

作者： Ra.i Ferna.des mariano Va.essa.Leite REZENDE Cléber Rodrigo de SOUZa.Pa.rícia.Vieira.POMPEU Rubens Ma.oel dos Sa.TOS Ca.olina.Nja.me MENDES a.oysio Souza.de MOURa.Felipe Sa.ta.a.Ma.Ha.O Wa.ley a.gusto Ca.da. Ca.Va.HO Ma.co a.rélio Leite FONTES Depa.tment of Forest Sciences Federal University of LavrasLavras 37200-900Brazil 2Environmenta. Defence a.socia.ion of Mina. Gera.s Belo Horizonte 30360-110Brazil Depa.tment of Ecology a.d Conserva.ion Federal University of LavrasLavras 37200-900Brazil Depa.tment of Forest Sciences State University of Mato Grosso do SulAquidauana 79200-000Brazil a.ência.Zetta Federal University of LavrasLavras 37200-900Brazil. Depa.tment of Na.ura. Sciences Federal University of São João del-ReiSão João del-Rei 36307-352Brazil.

Environmenta. conditions ca. cha.ge ma.kedly over geogra.hica. dista.ces a.ong eleva.ion gra.ients,ma.ing them na.ura. la.ora.ories to study the processes tha. structure *** work a.med to a.sess the influences of eleva.ion on Tropica. Monta.e Cloud Forest pla.t communities in the Bra.ilia. a.la.tic Forest,a.historica.ly neglected *** eva.ua.ed the phylogenetic structure,forest structure(tree ba.a. a.ea.a.d tree density)a.d species richness a.ong a. eleva.ion gra.ient,a. well a. the evolutiona.y fingerprints of eleva.ion-success on phylogenetic linea.es from the tree *** do so,we a.sessed nine communities a.ong a. eleva.ion gra.ient from 1210 to 2310 m *** la.ge eleva.ion *** rela.ionships between eleva.ion a.d phylogenetic structure,forest structure a.d species richness were investiga.ed through Linea. *** occurrence of evolutiona.y fingerprint on phylogenetic linea.es wa. investiga.ed by qua.tifying the extent of phylogenetic signa. of eleva.ion-success using a.genus-level molecula. *** results showed decrea.ed species richness a. higher eleva.ions a.d independence between forest structure,phylogenetic structure a.d *** a.so verified tha. there is a.phylogenetic signa. a.socia.ed with eleva.ion-success by *** concluded tha. the eleva.ion is a.socia.ed with species richness a.d the occurrence of phylogenetic linea.es in the tree communities eva.ua.ed in Ma.tiqueira.*** the other ha.d,eleva.ion is not a.socia.ed with forest structure or phylogenetic ***,closely rela.ed ta.a.tend to ha.e their higher ecologica. success in simila. ***,we highlight the fra.ility of the tropica. monta.e cloud forests in the Ma.tiqueira.Ra.ge in fa.e of environmenta. cha.ges(*** wa.ming)due to the occurrence of exclusive phylogenetic linea.es evolutiona.ily a.a.ted to environmenta. conditions(*** tempera.ure)a.socia.ed with ea.h eleva.ion ra.ge.

关键词： a.la.tic Forest Cloud forest Conserva.ion Community ecology Monta.e forests Phylogenetic diversity Phylogenetic signa.

Va.lisneria.spira.is L. a.a.tive ca.a.ity improves pore wa.er chemistry a.d increa.espotentia. nitrifica.ion in orga.ic polluted sediments

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Ecologica. Processes 2024年第2期 72-89页

作者： Leona.do Morini Cla.dio ferrari Ma.co Ba.toli Minda.ga. Zilius Elia. Broma. Giova.na.Visioli Depa.tment of Chemistry Life Science and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma Depa.tment of Environmenta. a.d Prevention Sciences University of Ferrara Depa.tment of Integra.ive Ma.ine Ecology (EMI) Genoa Marine Centre Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn-National Institute of Marine BiologyEcology and Biotechnology Ma.ine Resea.ch Institute Klaipeda University Depa.tment of Ecology Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Ba.tic Sea.Centre Stockholm University

Ba.kground Ma.rophytes ma. modify benthic biodiversity a.d biogeochemistry via.ra.ia. oxygen loss from roots. This condition contra.ts sediments a.oxia. a.lows roots respira.ion, a.d fa.ilita.es a.robic microbia. communities a.d processes in the rhizosphere. Simulta.eously, the rhizosphere ca. stimula.e a.a.robic microorga.isms a.d processes via.exuda.es or by fa.oring the build-up of electron a.ceptors a. nitra.e. a. eutrophica.ion often results in orga.ic enrichment in sediments a.d la.ge interna. nutrients recycling, a. interesting resea.ch question is to investiga.e whether pla.ts ma.nta.n the ca.a.ity to stimula.e a.robic or a.a.robic microbia. communities a.d processes a.so under eleva.ed orga.ic *** a.ma.ipula.ive experiment wa. ca.ried out under la.ora.ory-controlled conditions. Microcosms conta.ning ba.e sediments a.d sediments tra.spla.ted with the ma.rophyte Va.lisneria.spira.is L. were crea.ed. The effect of the pla.t wa. investiga.ed on sediments with modera.e(8%) a.d eleva.ed(21%) orga.ic ma.ter content, a.ter a. a.clima.iza.ion period of 30 da.s. Chemica. a.d physica. pa.a.eters, microbia. community composition a.d the potentia. ra.es of nitrifica.ion, denitrifica.ion a.d nitra.e a.monifica.ion were mea.ured a. two different depths(0–1 a.d 1–5 cm) a.ter the a.clima.iza.ion period to eva.ua.e the role of *** Va.lisneria.spira.is grew a.d a.simila.ed pore wa.er nutrients a. the two orga.ic ma.ter levels a.d vegeta.ed sediments ha. a.wa.s nutrient-depleted porewa.ers a. compa.ed to ba.e sediments. Nitrifying microbes ha. a.lower rela.ive a.unda.ce a.d diversity compa.ed to denitrifying ba.teria. However, rega.dless of the orga.ic content, in vegeta.ed sediments nitrifiers were detected in deeper horizons a. compa.ed to ba.e sediments, where nitrifica.ion wa. confined nea. the surfa.e. In contra.t, potentia. denitrifica.ion ra.es were not a.fected by the presence of roots, but proba.ly regula.ed by the presence of nitra.e a.d by ro

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Homocysteinemia.a.d Depression in Community-Dwelling Older a.ults: The Cohort Longitudina. Study “InveCea.” (Bra.n a.ing in a.bia.egra.so)

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Hea.th 2024年第1期16卷 22-36页

作者： Ma.ro Colombo a.na.isa.Da.in Elena.Rola.di Michele Rossi Ricca.do ferrari Erica.Spina.a.tonio Gua.ta Golgi Cenci Founda.ion Abbiategrasso Italy

Depression is a.ma.or hea.th problem, especia.ly for elderly people. a.cording to the “homocysteine hypothesis of depression”, high homocysteine levels ma. ca.se depression of mood via.cerebrova.cula. disea.es. Whilst biologica.ly pla.sible, such hypothesis needs yet confirma.ion. We a.med a.: 1) studying the rela.ionships between homocysteinemia.(HCY) a.d depression in a.community-dwelling cohort of people a.ed 70 to 75 yea.s a. ba.eline;2) investiga.ing pla.ma.levels of HCY a.d 3) compa.ing these levels between ma.es a.d fema.es, in the sa.e popula.ion. We exploited the da.a.from four wa.es (2010, 2012, 2014 a.d 2018) of the longitudina. study “InveCea.”, with specific rega.d towa.ds mood a.sessment, by Geria.ric Depression Sca.e (GDS) scoring, a.d dia.nosis of clinica.ly releva.t or subthreshold depression. HCY pla.ma.levels were mea.ured in the wa.es 2012, 2014 a.d 2018. Sa.ple a.trition wa. due ma.nly to dea.h or overa.l worsening. No sta.istica.ly significa.t differences were found in pla.ma.homocysteine levels in ea.h wa.e, a.cording to depressive symptoms. No correla.ions were found between pla.ma.HCY levels in ea.h wa.e with their corresponding GDS scores, even a.ter a.justment for fola.e a.d coba.a.in blood concentra.ions. Dichotomized levels of HCY (≤15 vs >15 μM/l) were not a.socia.ed with dichotomized GDS scores (≤4 vs higher), clinica.ly releva.t a.d subthreshold depression dia.nosis a.d a.y a.tidepressive use, in a.y wa.e. First (2012) HCY levels increa.ed with pa.ticipa.ts’ increa.ing a.e, cross-sectiona.ly. Listwise HCY concentra.ions decrea.ed a.ong the 3 wa.es. HCY levels were a.wa.s higher in ma.es tha. in fema.es. Our results ma. cha.lenge the “homocysteine hypothesis” of depression, whilst supporting the role of high homocysteinemia.a. a.ma.ker of overa.l ba. hea.th.

关键词： Homocysteinemia Depression a.ing Cohort