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Barriers and facilitators for early and exclusive breastfeeding in health facilities in Sub-Saharan Africa:a systematic review

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Global Health Research and Policy 2021年第1期6卷 283-293页

作者： Mai-Lei Woo Kinshella Sarina Prasad Tamanda Hiwa marianne vidler Alinane Linda Nyondo-Mipando Queen Dube David Goldfarb Kondwani Kawaza Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology BC Children’s and Women’s Hospital and University of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada Department of Pediatrics and Child Health College of MedicineUniversity of MalawiBlantyreMalawi School of Public Health and Family Medicine Department of Health Systems and PolicyCollege of MedicineUniversity of MalawiBlantyreMalawi Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital PediatricsBlantyreMalawi Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine BC Children’s and Women’s Hospital and University of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada

Background:Sub-Saharan Africa carries a disproportionate burden of under-five child deaths in the world and appropriate breastfeeding practices can support efforts to reduce child mortality *** facilities are important in the promotion of early and exclusive *** purpose of this review was to examine facility-based barriers and facilitators to early and exclusive breastfeeding in Sub-Saharan ***:A systematic search was conducted on Medline,Web of Science,CINAHL,African Journals Online and African Index Medicus from database inception to April 29,2021 and primary research studies on breastfeeding practices in health facilities in Sub-Saharan Africa were included in the *** assessed qualitative studies with the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Checklist and quantitative studies using the National Heart,Lung,and Blood Institute *** review protocol was registered to Prospero prior to conducting the review(CRD42020167414).Results:Of the 56 included studies,relatively few described health facility infrastructure and supplies-related issues(5,11%)while caregiver factors were frequently described(35,74%).Facility-based breastfeeding policies and guidelines were frequently available but challenged by implementation gaps,especially at lower health service *** included positive caregiver and health worker attitudes,knowledge and support during the postpartum *** studies have focused on caregiver factors,particularly around their knowledge and attitudes,while health facility infrastructure and supplies factors appear to be growing concerns,such as overcrowding and lack of privacy during breastfeeding counselling that lowers the openness and comfort of mothers especially those ***:There has been a dramatic rise in rates of facility births in Sub-Saharan Africa,which must be taken into account when considering the capacities of health facilities to support breastfeeding pract

关键词： Breastfeeding Breastfeeding support Barriers Facilitators Health facilities Africa south of the Sahara

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Management of Preeclampsia in Low-and Middle-Income Countries:Lessons to Date,and Questions Arising,from the PRE-EMPT and Related Initiatives

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2021年第2期3卷 136-150页

作者： Peter von Dadelszen marianne vidler Eleni Tsigas Laura A.Magee Department of Women and Children’s Health School of Life Course SciencesKing’s College LondonLondon SE17EUUK Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of British ColumbiaVancouver BC V5Z 4H4Canada Preeclampsia Foundation MelbourneFL 32934USA

Preeclampsia remains associated with an increased risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality,and the burden of that excess risk is largely borne by pregnant women and their families in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs).Therefore,the Bill&Melinda Gates Foundation funded the PREeclampsia–Eclampsia Monitoring,Prevention,and Treatment(PRE-EMPT)initiative to accelerate *** PRE-EMPT,and related activity,have come a number of impactful ***,there is increasing global support for broadening the definition of preeclampsia to include women with hypertension and either significant proteinuria or evidence of target organ damage or fetoplacental compromise(including evidence angiogenic imbalance).Second,using blood pressure(BP)data from the Community-Level Interventions for Preeclampsia trials in India,Mozambique,and Pakistan,acquired on validated-for-pregnancy,semi-automated,low-cost BP devices,there are now population-level,rather than facility-based,estimates for the burden of pregnancy hypertension(sub-categorized into preeclampsia(4%–6%),gestational hypertension(7%–12%),and chronic hypertension(0.3%–0.6%)).Third,there is an identified need to understand biological pathways that underlie the causation of preeclampsia in ***,the Community-Level Interventions for Preeclampsia trials have shown that providing at least eight antenatal contacts,in this case using digital health-supported community health workers,cost-effectively reduces the burden of maternal(by 60%),fetal(60%),and neonatal(40%)***,what is the utility and cost-effectiveness of routine proteinuria screening of normotensive pregnant women?Sixth,clinical risk factor-based prediction of preeclampsia remains most relevant for most women in LMICs;calcium replacement(≥1 g/day)and low-dose aspirin(100–175 mg/day)are the most useful directly preventative ***,achieving sustainable development goals(SDGs)not directly related to health are more likel

关键词： Pre-eclampsia Global health Low-and middle-income countries

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Crosstalk between androgen signaling and the chemokine receptor CXCR4:a novel strategy to promote myelin regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2581-2582页

作者： marianne Bardy-Lagarde Narimène Asbelaoui Abdel Mouman Ghoumari UMR1195 “Diseases and Hormones of the Nervous System”Inserm and University Paris-SaclayKremlin-BicêtreFrance

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is the most common chronic disease of the central nervous system(CNS)in young adults and represents the first cause of severe handicap,originally non-traumatic(Oh et al.,2018).MS is chara cterized by the infiltration of auto reactive lymphocytes specific to myelin through the blood-brain barrier,which results in the appearance of inflammatory demyelinating lesions caused by the death of the central nervous system myelinating cells,oligodendrocytes(Oh et al.,2018).There is a prevalence sexual with a ratio of three times more affected women than men.

关键词： myelin CXCR4

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Pro-resolving lipid mediator reduces amyloid-β42–induced gene expression in human monocyte–derived microglia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 873-886页

作者： Ying Wang Xiang Zhang Henrik Biverstål Nicolas GBazan Shuai Tan Nailin Li Makiko Ohshima marianne Schultzberg Xiaofei Li Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences&SocietyDivision of NeurogeriatricsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Department of Neurology Neuroscience CenterThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden Neuroscience Center of Excellence Louisiana State UniversityNew OrleansLAUSA Department of Medicine SolnaClinical Pharmacology GroupKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden

Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators including maresin 1 mediate resolution but the levels of these are reduced in Alzheimer's disease brain, suggesting that they constitute a novel target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease to prevent/stop inflammation and combat disease pathology. Therefore, it is important to clarify whether they counteract the expression of genes and proteins induced by amyloid-β. With this objective, we analyzed the relevance of human monocyte–derived microglia for in vitro modeling of neuroinflammation and its resolution in the context of Alzheimer's disease and investigated the pro-resolving bioactivity of maresin 1 on amyloid-β42–induced Alzheimer's disease–like inflammation. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data and secreted proteins in supernatants from the monocyte-derived microglia showed that the monocyte-derived microglia resembled Alzheimer's disease–like neuroinflammation in human brain microglia after incubation with amyloid-β42. Maresin 1 restored homeostasis by down-regulating inflammatory pathway related gene expression induced by amyloid-β42 in monocyte-derived microglia, protection of maresin 1 against the effects of amyloid-β42 is mediated by a re-balancing of inflammatory transcriptional networks in which modulation of gene transcription in the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway plays a major part. We pinpointed molecular targets that are associated with both neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and therapeutic targets by maresin 1. In conclusion, monocyte-derived microglia represent a relevant in vitro microglial model for studies on Alzheimer's disease-like inflammation and drug response for individual patients. Maresin 1 ameliorates amyloid-β42–induced changes in several genes of importance in Alzheimer's disease, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β maresin microglia monocyte neuroinflammation resolution RNA-sequencing specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator

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Ultra-resolution scalable microprinting

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第3期9卷 195-207页

作者： Callum vidler Kenneth Crozier David Collins Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia School of Physics University of MelbourneVictoria 3010Australia Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of MelbourneVictoria 3010Australia Australian Research Council(ARC)Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems University of MelbourneVictoria 3010Australia The Graeme Clark Institute The University of MelbourneParkville 3052 VICAustralia

Projection micro stereolithography(PµSL)is a digital light processing(DLP)based printing technique for producing structured *** this approach there is often a tradeoff between the largest object that can be printed and the minimum feature size,with higher resolution generally reducing the overall extent of the *** ability to produce structures with high spatial resolution and large overall volume,however,is immensely important for the creation of hierarchical materials,microfluidic devices and bioinspired *** this work,we report a low-cost system with 1µm optical resolution,representing the highest resolution system yet developed for the creation of micro-structured parts whose overall dimensions are nevertheless on the order of *** do so,we examine the limits at which PµSL can be applied at scale as a function of energy dosage,resin composition,cure depth and in-plane feature *** doing so we develop a unique exposure composition approach that allows us to greatly improve the resolution of printed *** ability to construct high-resolution scalable microstructures has the potential to accelerate advances in emerging areas,including 3D metamaterials,tissue engineering and bioinspired constructs.

关键词： lithography resolution printing

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Long-COVID-19: the persisting imprint of SARS-CoV-2 infections on the innate immune system

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 12-13页

作者： marianne Boes Pascal Falter-Braun Center for Translational Immunology and Department of Pediatric Immunology University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands Institute of Network Biology(INET) Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center(MTTC)Helmholtz MunichNeuherbergGermany Microbe-Host Interactions Faculty of BiologyLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenPlanegg-MartinsriedGermany

In a recent Cell publication,Cheong et *** how COVID-19 causes IL-6 induced epigenetic reprogramming of human immune stem cells,which causes lasting alterations in the composition and response characteristics of circulating immune cells.1 The study provides important insights into the mechanisms by which SARSCoV-2 infections impact the human immune system and is an important hook into unraveling the mechanisms of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19(PASC)commonly referred to as longCOVID.

关键词： system COV programming

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Therapeutic potential of intravitreal pharmacotherapy in retinal vein occlusion

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2012年第6期5卷 759-770页

作者： marianne L. Shahsuvaryan Yerevan State Medical University

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the most common visually disabling disease affecting the retina after diabetic retinopathy. Although the disease entity has long been known, its management is still controversial. Macular edema is the main reason for decreased visual acuity (VA) in this retinal vascular disorder. Recently the vitreous cavity has increasingly been used as a reservoir of drugs for the direct treatment of macular edema through intravitreal injection route. The most widely injected drugs so far have been triamcinolone acetonide (TA) and bevacizumab. The objective of this review is to evaluate the evidence and discuss the rationale behind the recent suggestions that intravitreal pharmacotherapy by corticosteroids and anti-vascular endothelial growth factors may be useful in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion.

关键词： retina retinal vein occlusion medical treatment intravitreal injections

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Female mate choice based on pheromone content may inhibit reproductive isolation between distinct populations of Iberian wall lizards

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Current Zoology 2013年第2期59卷 210-220页

作者： marianne GABIROT Pilar LOPEZ Jose MARTIN Departement Ecologie Comportementale (U.M.R. 5175) CEFE-CNRS 1919 Route de Mende F34293 Montpellier Cedex 5 France Departamento de Ecologia Evolutiva Museo Naeional de Ciencias Naturales C.S.I.C. Jos6 Guti6rrez Abascal 2 28006 Madrid Spain

The Iberian wall lizard Podarcis hispanica forms part of a species complex with several morphologically and geneti- cally distinct types and populations, which may or may not be reproductively isolated. We analyzed whether female mate choice based on males＇ chemical signals may contribute to a current pre-mating reproductive isolation between two distinct populations of P. hispanica from central Spain. We experimentally examined whether females choose to establish territories on areas scent-marked by males of their own population, versus areas marked by males of the other population. Results showed that fe- males did not prefer scent-marks of males from their own population. In contrast, females seemed to attend mostly to among-individual variation in males＇ pheromones that did not differ between populations. Finally, to test for strong premating re- productive isolation, we staged intersexual encounters between males and females. The population of origin of males and females did not affect the probability nor the duration of copulations. We suggest that the different environmental conditions in each population might be selecting for different morphologies and different chemical signals of males that maximize efficiency of communication in each environment. However, females in both populations based mate choice on a similar condition-dependent signal of males. Thus, male signals and female mate choice criteria could be precluding premating reproductive isolation between these phenotypically ＂distinct＂ populations [Current Zoology 59 （2）： 210-220, 2013].

关键词： Podarcis hispanica Chemical communication Mate preferences Mate recognition Species recognition Conflict

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Modeling Pain Using fMRI:From Regions to Biomarkers

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第1期34卷 208-215页

作者： marianne C.Reddan Tor D.Wager Department of Psychology and Neuroscience University of Colorado Boulder

Pain is a subjective and complex phenomenon. Its complexity is related to its heterogeneity： multiple component processes, including sensation, affect, and cognition, contribute to pain experience and reporting. These components are likely to be encoded in distributed brain networks that interact to create pain experience and pain-related decision-making. Therefore, to understand pain, we must identify these networks and build models of these interactions that yield testable predictions about pain-related outcomes. We have developed several such models or ＇signatures＇ of pain, by （1） integrating activity across multiple systems, and （2） using pattern-recognition to identify processes related to pain experience. One model, the Neurologic Pain Signature, is sensitive and specific to pain in individuals, involves brain regions that receive nociceptive afferents, and shows little effect of expectation or self-regulation in tests to date. Another, the ＇Stimulus Intensity-Independent Pain Signature＇, explains substantial additional variation in trial-to-trial pain reports. It involves many brain regions that do not show increased activity in proportion to noxious stimulus intensity, includ- ing medial and lateral prefrontal cortex, nucleus accum- bens, and hippocampus. Responses in this system mediate expectancy and perceived control effects in several studies. Overall, this approach provides a pathway to understanding pain by identifying multiple systems that track different aspects of pain. Such componential models can be combined in unique ways on a subject-by-subject basis to explain an individual＇s pain experience.

关键词： Pain Biomarkers - fMRI - Models - Machine learning

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The breast tumor microenvironment alters the phenotype and function of natural killer cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第5期13卷 628-639页

作者： Tamara Krnetal Amy Gillgrass marianne Chew Ali A. Ashkar Department of Pathology and Hamilton. ON. Canada. Molecular Medicine McMaster Immunology Research Center and Institute for Infectious Disease McMaster University

Natural killer （NK） ceils are innate immune cells with the ability to identify and eliminate transformed cells. However, within tumors, many studies have described NK cells as non-functional. The developmental stage of tumor-associated NK cells and how this may relate to functionality has not been explored. We examined the developmental state of NK cells from polyoma middle T antigen （pyMT） transgenic mouse （MMTV-pMT） breast tumors. In pyMT tumors, NK cells were immature as evidenced by their decreased expression of DX5 and their CD27~~WCD1 lbI^w phenotype. These immature NK cells also had increased expression of NKG2A and expressed low levels of NKp46, perforin, and granzyme B. In contrast, splenic NK cells isolated from the same mice maintained their maturity and their expression of activation markers. To delineate whether the tumor microenvironment directly alters NK cells, we adoptively transferred labeled NK cells and followed their activation status in both the spleen and the tumor. NK cells that arrived at the tumor had half the expression of NKp46 within three days of transfer in comparison to those which arrived at the spleen. In an effort to modify the tumor microenvironment and assess the plasticity of intratumoral NK cells, we treated pyMT tumors with IL-12 and anti-TGF-β. After one week of treatment, the maturity of tumor-associated NK cells was increased; thus, indicating that these cells possess the ability to mature and become activated. A better understanding of how NK cells are modified by the tumor microenvironment will held to develop strategies aimed at bolstering immune resoonses against tumors.

关键词： Tumor NK cells Innate immunity tumor immunology

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