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Colorful facial markings are associated with foraging rates and affiliative relationships in a wild group-living cichlid fish

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 70-78页

作者： Brett M.Culbert James B.Barnett Isaac y.ligocki Matthew G.Salena marian y.l.wong Ian M.Hamilton Sigal Balshine Department of Integrative Biology University of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada Department of Psychology Neuroscience&BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Department of Evolution Ecologyand Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Biology Millersville UniversityMillersvillePAUSA School of Earth Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

Many animals use color to signal their quality and/or behavioral *** signals have been well studied in the contexts of competi-tion and mate choice;however,the role of these signals in nonsexual,affiliative relationships is not as well ***,we used wild social groups of the cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher to investigate whether the size of a brightly colored facial patch was related to 1)individual quality,2)social dominance,and/or 3)affiliative *** with larger patches spent more time foraging and tended to perform more aggressive acts against conspecific territory *** did not find any evidence that the size of these yellow patches was related to social rank or body size,but dominant males tended to have larger patches than dominant ***,patch size had a rank-specific relationship with the number of affiliative interactions that individuals engaged *** males with large patches received fewer affiliative acts from their groupmates compared to dominant males with small ***,subordinates with large patches tended to receive more affiliative acts from their groupmates while performing fewer affiliative acts *** together,our results suggest that patch size reflects interindividual variation in foraging effort in this cichlid fish and offer some of the first evidence that colorful signals may shape affiliative relationships withinwildsocialgroups.

关键词： affiliation foraging lake Tanganyika Neolamprologus pulcher visual signals

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Diffusion of ions in an electrostatic stochastic field and a space-dependent unperturbed magnetic field

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第1期22卷 1-14页

作者： marian NEGREA Department of Physics Association Euratom-MEd C Romania University of CraiovaA.I.Cuzastr.13200585 CraiovaRomania

We calculate the diffusion coefficients for ions moving in a prescribed electromagnetic *** field is considered to he a superposition of an electrostatic stochastic field and a space-dependent and sheared magnetic *** have considered as parameters involved in the calculation of the diffusion coefficients the shear ion Kubo number the electrostatic Kubo number *** parallel shear ion Kubo number and the parallel thermal ion Kubo number A geometrical parameter which is the measure of the product of the stochastic perpendicular correlation length and the gradient in the magnetic field strength(see definitions in the text)is found not to he important in our *** results concerning the diffusion coefficients obtained in our model are in agreement with experimental data and with those corresponding to other models,and the neoclassical and anomalous values for the diffusion coefficients arc obtained.

关键词： magnetic field turbulence diffusion

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Analysis of the periodic solutions of a smooth and discontinuous oscillator

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2013年第4期29卷 575-582页

作者： Zhi-Xin li Qing-Jie Cao marian Wiercigroch Alain léger Centre for Nonlinear Dynamics Research Harbin Institute of Technology School of Astronautics Centre for Applied Dynamics Research School of Engineering University of Aberdeen King's College laboratoire de Mécanique et d' Acoustique CNRS 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier 13402 Marseille Cedex 20 France

In this paper, the periodic solutions of the smooth and discontinuous （SD） oscillator, which is a strongly irra- tional nonlinear system are discussed for the system having a viscous damping and an external harmonic excitation. A four dimensional averaging method is employed by using the complete Jacobian elliptic integrals directly to obtain the perturbed primary responses which bifurcate from both the hyperbolic saddle and the non-hyperbolic centres of the un- perturbed system. The stability of these periodic solutions is analysed by examining the four dimensional averaged equa- tion using lyapunov method. The results presented herein this paper are valid for both smooth （e 〉 0） and discontin- uous （ce = 0） stages providing the answer to the question why the averaging theorem spectacularly fails for the case of medium strength of external forcing in the Duffing system analysed by Holmes. Numerical calculations show a good agreement with the theoretical predictions and an excellent efficiency of the analysis for this particular system, which also suggests the analysis is applicable to strongly nonlinear systems.

关键词： SD oscillator ~ Averaging method. Periodic so-lution ~ Irrational nonlinearity ~ Elliptic integral

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Solar flares: radio and X-ray signatures of magnetic reconnection processes

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2014年第7期14卷 753-772页

作者： marian Karlicky Astronomical Institute Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic251 65 OndrejovCzech Republic

This review summarizes new trends in studies of magnetic reconnection in solar flares. It is shown that plasmoids play a very important role in this primary flare process. Using the results of magnetohydrodynamic and particle-in-cell simulations, we describe how the plasmoids are formed, how they move and interact, and how a flare current sheet is fragmented into a cascade of plasmoids. Furthermore, it is shown that during the interactions of these plasmoids electrons are not only very efficiently accelerated and heated, but electromagnetic（radio） emission is also *** also describe possible mechanisms for the triggering of magnetic *** relevant X-ray and radio signatures of these processes（such as radio drifting pulsation structures, narrowband dm-spikes, and the loop-top and above-the-loop-top X-ray sources） are then described. It is shown that plasmoids can also be formed in kinked magnetic ropes. A mapping of X-points of the magnetic reconnection on the chromosphere（as e.g. a splitting of flare ribbons） is mentioned. Supporting EUV and white-light observations of plasmoids are added. The significance of all these processes for the fast magnetic reconnection and electron acceleration is outlined. Their role in fusion experiments is briefly mentioned.

关键词： Sun: flares -- Sun: radio radiation -- Sun: X-rays

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Structure of Zhou Nil-clean Rings

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Algebra Colloquium 2018年第3期25卷 361-368页

作者： Huanyin Chen marian Sheibani Department of Mathematics Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China Women's University of Semnan (Farzanegan) Semnan Iran

A ring R is Zhou nil-clean if every element in R is the sum of two tripotents and a nilpotent that commute. Homomorphic images of Zhou nil-clean rings are explored. We prove that a ring R is Zhou nil-clean if and only if 30 ∈ R is nilpotent and R/30R is Zhou nil-clean, if and only if R/BM（R） is 5-potent and BM（R） is nil, if and only if J（R） is nil and R/J（R） is isomorphic to a Boolean ring, a yaqub ring, a Bell ring or a direct product of such rings. By means of homomorphic images, we completely determine when the generalized matrix ring is Zhou nil-clean. We prove that the generalized matrix ring Mn（R; s） is Zhou nil-clean if and only if R is Zhou nil-clean and s ∈ J（R）.

关键词： tripotent nilpotent homomorphic images generalized matrix rings Zhou nil-clean rings

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Directions of changes of hard coal output technologies in Poland

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Mining Science and Technology 2011年第1期21卷 1-5页

作者： Turek marian Central Mining Institute 40-166 KatowicePoland

The author presents the results being the effect of the analysis of innovative rate of individual technologies applied in opening up,development and extraction works which was carried out within the project:"scenarios of technological development of hard coal extractive industry".After presentation of opening up,development and extraction technologies that are applied in Polish hard coal industry and their classification with regard to innovation degree the author describes those technologies in a detailed *** brings attention to the most effective systems for hard coal deposits’ opening up,development and their extraction,including the extraction of the residual *** attention is also paid to the safety level of the applied technologies.

关键词： Development Technologies Mechanisation Manridng Materials transport

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BIOMIMETIC ARCHITECTURE AS A NEW APROACH FOR ENERGy EFFICIENT BUIlDINGS THROUGH SMART BUIlDING MATERIAlS

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Journal of Green Building 2015年第4期10卷 73-86页

作者： marian Azmy Nessim Housing and Building Research Center 87 Tahrir St.GizaEgypt-***

INTRODCTION As skin wraps our body,building envelopes wraps buildings and therefore acts and performs the functions that the skin performs,especially in thermoregulating the building which results in decreasing the energy *** objective of this paper is to establish a building envelope as a living envelope able to control the heat in buildings the same way that nature does with our skin,without the use of electricity or mechanical elements,and hence decrease energy consumption and its devastating effect on the *** objective can be reached by using suitable smart building material and integrating it into the architectural design of the *** methodology and objectives of this paper are as follows:*** the global warming problem,its consequences,and the role of the building sector in this *** Biomimicry in architecture and its potential to decrease the share of the building sector’s role in global *** a smart building material that would allow the building envelope to perform the same as human skin and review the reasons for its *** of the selected building material in a case study and perform a thermal analysis simulation.

关键词： global warming greenhouse gases biomimicry biomimetic smart building materials shape memory polymers

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Soil Stabilizing Capability of Three Plant Species Growing on the Three Gorges Reservoir Riverside

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Journal of Earth Science 2010年第6期21卷 888-896页

作者： Norbert Tenten 曾波 marian Kazda Key laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region Ministry of Education School of Life Sciences Southwest China University Institute of Systematic Botany and Ecology Ulm University

Plant regrowth capacity and soil protection were investigated using three flooding-tolerant yangtze River riverside species （Arundinella anomala, Hemartria compressa and Cynodon dactylon）. The root and leaf surface growth, the plant regrowth capacity and the mitigation of soil runoff were analyzed using potted plants that were covered with 5, 10 and 18 cm new sediments, respectively. A. anomala reacted most slowly to the recovery from new sediments, while H. compressa had the highest recovery rates. The latter could produce 24 times the initial root length and 41 times its original leaf surface during the growth period of 12 weeks. C. dactyion showed no significant change in growth in relation to the rising sediment thickness, which means that even 18 cm of new sediments were tolerated by C. dactylon. Erosion tests showed that all three plant species can reduce the soil runoff by more than 63%. Compared to other species, A. anomala was less capable of stabilizing new sediments. The soil protecting abilities of H. compressa decreased after more than 10 cm of new sediments. C. dactyion showed the best soil retention compared to the other species examined, since it could reduce the soil runoff up to 87%. Consequently, C. dactylon was found to be significantly better for soil-protection plant species than A. anomala and H. compressa given the conditions at the Three Gorges Reservoir.

关键词： Three Gorges Reservoir plant regrowth capacity soil runoff soil stabilizing plantgrowth.

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Structural analysis of flagellar axonemes from inner arm dynein knockdown strains of Trypanosoma brucei

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BIOCEll 2012年第3期36卷 133-141页

作者： RANDI ZUKAS AlEX J.CHANG marian RICE AMy l.SPRINGER Department of Biology Amherst CollegeAmherstMAUSA Department of Biological Sciences Mount Holyoke CollegeSouth HadleyMAUSA

Trypanosoma brucei is a protozoan flagellate that causes African sleeping *** function in this organism is critical for life cycle progression and pathogenesis,however the regulation of flagellar motility is not well *** flagellar axoneme produces a complex beat through the pre-cisely coordinated firing of many proteins,including multiple dynein *** motors are found in the inner arm and outer arm *** are studying one of the inner arm dynein motors in the *** flagellum:*** knockdown of genes for two components of dynein-f:DNAH10,theαheavy chain,and IC138,an intermediate chain,cause severe motility defects including *** determine if motility defects result from structural disruption of the axoneme,we used two different flagellar preparations to carefully examine axoneme structure in these strains using transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Our analysis showed that inner arm dynein size,axoneme structural integrity and fixed central pair orientation are not significantly different in either knockdown culture when compared to control *** results support the idea that immotility in knockdowns affecting DNAH10 or IC138 results from loss of dynein-f function rather than from obvious structural defects in the axoneme.

关键词： Flagellar motility transmission electron microscopy central pair

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Synthesis and stability evaluation of hierarchical silicoaluminophosphates with different structural frameworks in the methanol to olefins process

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Particuology 2018年第2期16卷 43-53页

作者： Seyed Hesam Mousavi Shohreh Fatemi marian Razavian School of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran P.O. Box 11365 4563 TehranIran

Silicoaluminophosphates （SAPOs） with different pore structures were synthesized through the implementation of polyethylene glycol （PEG） as a mesopores impregnation agent. Using PEGs with different molecular weights （MWs） and concentrations in the synthesis precursor, several samples were synthesized and characterized. Applying a PEG capping agent to the precursors led to the formation of tuned mesopores within the microporous matrix of the SAPO. The effects of the PEG molecular weight and PEG/Al molar ratio were investigated to maximize the efficiency of the catalyst in the methanol-to-olefin （MTO） process. Using PEG with a MW of 6000 resulted in the formation of both Zeolite Rho and chabazite structural frameworks （i.e., DNl-6 and SAPO-34）. Pure SAPO-34 samples were successfully prepared using PEG with a MW of 4000. Our results showed that the PEG concentrations affect the porosity and acidity of the synthesized materials. Furthermore, the SAPO-34 sample synthesized with PEG （MW of 4000） and a PEG/Al molar ratio of 0.0125 showed a superior catalytic stability in the MTO reaction owing to the tuned bi-modal porosity and tailored acidity pattern. Finally, through reactivation experiments, it was found that the catalyst is stable even after several regeneration cycles.

关键词： Hierarchical SAPO-34 PEG Mesoporosity DNl-6 zeolite MTO process Catalytic stability

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