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Effect of thermal and chemical modifications on the mechanical and release properties of paracetamol tablet formulations containing corn, cassava and sweet potato starches as filler-binders

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第7期5卷 576-580页

作者： mariam vbamiunomhene lawal Michael Ayodele Odeniyi Oludele Adelanwa Itiola Department of Pharmaceutics & Industrial Pharmacy University of Ibadan

Objective: To investigate the effects of acetylation and pregelatinization of cassava and sweet potato starches on the mechanical and release properties of directly compressed paracetamol tablet formulations in comparison with official corn ***: The native starches were modified by acetylation and pregelatinization. The tablets were assessed using friability(Fr), crushing strength(Cs), disintegration time(Dt) and dissolution parameters. Results: Starch acetylation produced paracetamol tablets that were stronger and had the best balance of mechanical and disintegration properties, while pregelatinization produced tablets that were more friable but had a better overall strength in relation to disintegration than formulations made from natural starches. Correlations mainly existed between Dt and the dissolution parameters t80, t2 and k1 in the formulations. Conclusions: Modification of the experimental starches improved the mechanical and release properties of directly compressed paracetamol tablet formulations. Thus, they can be developed for use as pharmaceutical excipients in specific formulations.

关键词： Starch modification Direct compression Filler-binders Mechanical and release properties

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Diminazene aceturate modified nanocomposite for improved efficacy in acute trypanosome infection

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Journal of Acute Disease 2018年第1期7卷 36-42页

作者： Oluwatosin Kudirat Shittu Shaba Yisa Aaron mariam Damilola Oladuntoye Bashir lawal Department of Biochemistry Tropical Disease/Nanotechnology Research UnitFederal University of TechnologyP.M.B.65MinnaNigeria

Objective: To investigate the improved antitrypanocidal activity and toxicity of diminazene aceturate modified Nano drug in experimental rats. Methods: Aqueous leaf extract of Hyptis suaveolens was used to reduce gold tetrachloride to its nanoparticle size and this was characterized and formulates with naturally synthesized polyhydroxybutyrateas a Nano carrier. A total of thirty (30) albino rats were group into 6 (A-F) of 5 rats each & infected intraperitoneally with 0.2 mL of the inoculum containing about 1×103 Trypanosoma brucei brucei parasites per 0.2 mL of blood. Groups A and B were treated with 3 and 6 minutes released orange PHB, Groups C and D were treated with 15 and 30 minutes released mango PHB formulated tablet while Groups E and F were negative (untreated) and standard drug (Dininazene aceturare) respectively. Results: The free drug and modified orange synthesized polyhydroxy butyrate shows antitrypanocidal activities by reducing the replicating rate of the parasite as compared to infect untreated. While the modified- mango synthesized shows increasing order of replication. There were significant increases in all the haematological parameter evaluated in the infected treated groups compared to infect untreated. But no significant difference (P<0.05) observed in the Catalase activity in the serum and liver of all the groups whereas, the modified orange synthesized shows significant decrease in other enzymes activities evaluated when compared with the free drug, mango synthesized and the infected untreated groups. Conclusion: Orange synthesized modified diminazene aceturate show efficacy as free drug with limited toxicity that can enhance the therapeutic.

关键词： Nano carrier Hyptissuaveolens Polyhydroxybutyrate Diminazeneaceturate Trypanosomiasis Toxicity

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Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of African medicinal plants

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2017年第1期5卷 16-21页

作者： Ademola Zaid Aderolu Muyideen Owonire lawal Olufemi Olukolajo Soyinka Adekunle Taofeek Adeleke mariam Damilola Bello Department of Marine Sciences University of LagosAkokaLagosNigeria

Objective:To study antioxidant and antimicrobial properties ofTerminalia catappa,Psidium guajava,Alstonia boonei,Morinda lucida (M. lucida) andSpondias mombin leave extracts using ethanol, petroleum-ether and aqueous media. Methods: The free radical 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydroazyl was used to measure scavenging activities of extracts, while phenolic and flavonoid content were estimated by spectrophotometry. Antibacterial screening of extracts was done by determining zone of inhibition using disc diffusion method. Plant extracts were tested against five strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. After sterilization, the discs were loaded with concentrations of broad spectrum ciprofloxacin, and prepared extract solutions of different concentrations were refrigerated for 24 h. Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration of extracts in the screening assay was according to micro-broth dilution, while determination of minimum bactericidal concentration was carried out by agar diffusion. Results: The highest radical scavenging effect was found in petroleum ether extracts of all the plants withM. lucida andPsidium guajava having the highest and lowest values respectively. Aqueous solvent recorded highest phenolic content in all extracts with the exception ofM. lucida. Flavonoid content was extracted better fromAlstonia boonei andM. lucida with ethanol, while aqueous solvent extracted more from the other plants. With exception of extracts from petroleum ether, all others exhibited varying levels of antibacterial activities againstE. coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Salmonella typhi,Vibrio cholera andStaphylococcus aureus. Conclusions:This study proved that all crude extracts showed strong antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials, which qualified them as nutraceuticals in fish feed production.

关键词： Total flavonoid content Total phenolic content Antioxidant activity Antimicrobial activity African medicinal plants

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