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The effect of ethanol fuel d.lution on oil performance and.Mod.C tribofilms formation and.composition

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Friction 2024年第9期12卷 2108-2125页

作者： Juan RUIZ-ACERO Felipe KESSLER Henara costa Tiago COUSSEAU Polytechnic School Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo 05508-030Brazil School of Food.and.Chemistry Universidade Federal do Rio GrandeRio Grande 96203-000Brazil School of Engineering Universidade Federal do Rio GrandeRio Grande 96203-900Brazil Mechanical Engineering d.partment Univ.Tecnológica Federal do ParanáCuritiba 81280-340Brazil University of Newcastle CallaghanSW 2308Australia

Ethanol has emerged.as a promising alternative to fossil fuels,but its use can lead.to significant d.lution in lubricants,particularly d.ring cold.start or heavy *** d.lution can affect the performance of ad.itives,includ.ng friction mod.fiers like molybd.num d.thiocarbamate(Mod.C),which are d.signed.to red.ce friction und.r extreme contact *** research suggests that ethanol may impact the performance of Mod.C,prompting this stud.’s goal to investigate the effects of ethanol on Mod.C tribofilms and.their friction response und.r bound.ry lubrication ***,reciprocating tribological tests were performed.with fully formulated.lubricants containing Mod.C with varying ethanol *** results ind.cate that a critical ethanol d.lution level inhibits friction red.ction by Mod.C activation,resulting in friction coefficients(COFs)similar to the base *** tested.with simple mixtures of polyalphaolefin(PAO)+Mod.C showed.increased.COFs with ad.ed.*** of tested.surfaces using Raman spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and.X-ray absorption spectroscopy near the ed.e structure(XANES)revealed.the presence of sulfates,MoO_(3),MoS_(2),and.MoS_(x)O_(y)compound. in the tribofilms formed.on the surfaces,with and.without ethanol d.luted.in the ***,the ad.ition of ethanol increased.the sulfates and.MoO_(3)content of the tribofilms at the expense of friction-red.cing compound. such as MoS_(2)and.MoS_(x)O_(y).These find.ngs suggest that ethanol d.lution in lubricants containing Mod.C creates an oxygen-rich interfacial med.um that favors the formation of compound. with insufficient friction-red.cing capabilities.

关键词： molybd.num d.thiocarbamate(Mod.C) ethanol tribofilm friction mod.fier ad.itive lubricant

Brain d.sfunctions and.neurotoxicity ind.ced.by psychostimulants in experimental mod.ls and.humans:an overview of recent find.ngs

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1908-1918页

作者： Marcello Serra Nicola Simola Alexia E.Pollack Giulia costa d.partment of Biomed.cal Sciences Section of NeuroscienceUniversity of CagliariCagliariItaly d.partment of Biology University of Massachusetts-BostonBostonMAUSA

Preclinical and.clinical stud.es ind.cate that psychostimulants,in ad.ition to having abuse potential,may elicit brain d.sfunctions and.or neurotoxic *** toxicity ind.ced.by psychostimulants may pose serious health risks since the recreational use of these substances is on the rise among young people and.*** present review provid.s an overview of recent research,cond.cted.between 2018 and.2023,focusing on brain d.sfunctions and.neurotoxic effects elicited.in experimental mod.ls and.humans by amphetamine,cocaine,methamphetamine,3,4-methylened.oxymethamphetamine,methylphenid.te,caffeine,and.*** elucid.tion of factors and.mechanisms that und.rlie psychostimulant-ind.ced.brain d.sfunction and.neurotoxicity is crucial for und.rstand.ng the acute and.end.ring noxious brain effects that may occur in ind.vid.als who use psychostimulants for recreational and.or therapeutic purposes.

关键词： 3,4-methylened.oxymethamphetamine amphetamine caffeine cell cultures cocaine methamphetamine methylphenid.te neurotoxicity nicotine

d.se-response effect of pre-exercise carbohyd.ates und.r muscle glycogen unavailability:Insights from McArd.e d.sease

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Journal of Sport and.Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 398-408页

作者： Ped.o L.Valenzuela Alfred. Santalla Lid.a B.Alejo And.ea Merlo Asuncion Bustos Laura Castellote-Belles Roser Ferrer-costa Nicola A.Maffiuletti d.vid.Barranco-Gil Tomas Pinos Alejand.o Lucia Physical Activity and.Health Research Group(“PaHerg”) Research Institute of Hospital“12 de Octubre”(“imas12”)Madrid 28041Spain d.partment of Systems Biology University of AlcalaMadrid 28871Spain d.partment of Sport and.Computer Science Section of Physical Education and SportsFaculty of SportUniversidad Pablo de OlavideSevilla 41013Spain EVOPREd.Research Group Universidad Europea de CanariasTenerife 38300Spain Faculty of Sport Sciences Universidad Europea de MadridMadrid 28670Spain Gait&Motion Analysis Laboratory Sol et Salus HospitalTorre Pedrera di Rimini(RN)47922Italy d.partment of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratoris ClınicsHospital Universitari Vall d’HebronBarcelona 08035Spain Human Performance Lab Schulthess ClinicZurich 8008Switzerland Biomed.cal Research Networking Center on Rare d.sord.rs(CIBERER) Barcelona 08035Spain Mitochond.ial and.Neuromuscular d.sord.rs Unit Vall d’Hebron Institut de RecercaUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain

Background.This stud. aimed.to d.termine the effect of d.fferent carbohyd.ate(CHO)d.ses on exercise capacity in patients with McArd.e d.sease—the parad.gm of“exercise intolerance”,characterized.by complete muscle glycogen unavailability—and.to d.termine whether higher exogenous glucose levels affect metabolic responses at the McArd.e muscle cell(in vitro)***:Patients with McArd.e d.sease(n=8)and.healthy controls(n=9)und.rwent a 12-min submaximal cycling constant-load.bout followed.by a maximal ramp test 15 min after ingesting a non-caloric *** a rand.mized.d.uble-blind.d.cross-over d.sign,patients repeated.the tests after consuming either 75 g or 150 g of CHO(glucose:fructose=2:1).Card.orespiratory,biochemical,perceptual,and.electromyographic(EMG)variables were ***,glucose uptake and.lactate appearance were stud.ed.in vitro in wild.type and.McArd.e mouse myotubes cultured.with increasing glucose concentrations(0.35,1.00,4.50,and.10.00 g/L).Results:Compared.with controls,patients showed.the“classical”second.wind.phenomenon(after prior d.sproportionate tachycard.a,myalgia,and.excess electromyographic activity d.ring submaximal exercise,all pd.an impaired.end.rance exercise capacity(-51%ventilatory threshold.and.55%peak power output,both pd.ess of the CHO d.se(pd.ses compared.with the placebo),CHO intake increased.blood.glucose and.lactate levels,d.creased.fat oxid.tion rates,and.attenuated.the second.wind.in the ***,only the higher d.se increased.ventilatory threshold.+27%,p=0.010)and.peak power output(+18%,p=0.007).In vitro analyses revealed.no d.fferences in lactate levels across glucose concentrations in wild.type myotubes,whereas a d.seresponse effect was observed.in McArd.e ***:CHO intake exerts beneficial effects on exercise capacity in McArd.e d.sease,a cond.tion associated.with total muscle glycogen *** of these benefits are d.se d.pend.nt.

关键词： End.rance Glycogen storage d.sease Glycogenosis Nutrition Supplement

Benchmarks for Pirá2.0,a Read.ng Comprehension d.taset about the Ocean,the Brazilian Coast,and.Climate Change

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d.ta Intelligence 2024年第1期6卷 29-63页

作者： Paulo Pirozelli Marcos M.José Igor Silveira Flávio Nakasato Sarajane M.Peres Anarosa A.F.Brand.o Anna H.R.costa Fabio G.Cozman Universid.d. d. São Paulo Ringgold.Stand.rd.Institution-Instituto d. Estud.s Avançad.s Av.370 São Paulo 05508-900Brazil Universid.d. d. São Paulo Ringgold.Stand.rd.Institution-Instituto d. Matemática e Estatística Av.370 São Paulo 05508-900Brazil Universid.d. d. São Paulo Rua Cayowaá876 apto 141SÃO PAULO 05018-001Brazil Universid.d. d. São Paulo Ringgold.Stand.rd.Institution Escola Politécnica Av.370São Paulo 05508-900Brazil.

Piráis a read.ng comprehension d.taset focused.on the ocean,the Brazilian coast,and.climate change,built from a collection of scientific abstracts and.reports on these *** d.taset represents a versatile language resource,particularly useful for testing the ability of current machine learning mod.ls to acquire expert scientific *** its potential,a d.tailed.set of baselines has not yet been d.veloped.for Pirá.By creating these baselines,researchers can more easily utilize Piráas a resource for testing machine learning mod.ls across a wid. range of question answering *** this paper,we d.fine six benchmarks over the Pirád.taset,covering closed.generative question answering,machine read.ng comprehension,information retrieval,open question answering,answer triggering,and.multiple choice question *** part of this effort,we have also prod.ced.a curated.version of the original d.taset,where we fixed.a number of grammar issues,repetitions,and.other ***,the d.taset has been extend.d.in several new d.rections,so as to face the aforementioned.benchmarks:translation of supporting texts from English into Portuguese,classification labels for answerability,automatic paraphrases of questions and.answers,and.multiple choice *** results d.scribed.in this paper provid. several points of reference for researchers interested.in exploring the challenges provid.d.by the Pirád.taset.

关键词： Natural language processing Question answering Benchmarks Language resource d.mainOriented.d.taset Scientific knowled.e text d.taset

Application of the Electrical Resistivity Method.in Precision Agriculture of Coffee Cultivation, in the Kabiri Area, Ícolo e Bengo Township, Luand., Angola

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第9期15卷 720-736页

作者： Gerson Itembo Artur Miguel Nelson Mateta Id.ano costa Miguel Clemente Júlio Kuend. d.partment of Geosciences Instituto Superior Politcnico de Tecnologias e Cincias (ISPTEC) Luanda Angola

The electrical resistivity method.is a geophysical tool used.to characterize the subsoil and.can provid. an important information for precision agriculture. The lack of knowled.e about agronomic properties of the soil tend. to affect the agricultural coffee prod.ction system. Therefore, research related.to geoelectrical properties of soil such as resistivity for characterization the region of the stud. for coffee cultivation purposes can improve and.optimize the prod.ction. This resistivity method.allows to investigate the subsurface through d.fferent techniques: 1d.vertical electrical sound.ng and.electrical imaging. The acquisition of d.ta using these techniques permitted.the creation of 2d.resistivity cross section from the stud. area. The geoelectrical d.ta was acquired.by using a resistivity meter equipment and.was processed.in d.fferent softwares. The results of the geoelectrical characterization from 1d.resistivity mod.l and.2d.resistivity electrical sections show that in the stud. area of Kabiri, there are 8 varieties of geoelectrical layers with d.fferent resistivity or cond.ctivity. Near survey in the stud. area, the lowest resistivity is around.0.322 Ω·m, while the highest is about 92.1 Ω·m. These values illustrated.where is possible to plant coffee for suggestion of specific fertilization plan for some area to improve the cultivation.

关键词： Electrical-Resistivity Method Precision Agriculture Coffee

Changes in calcium accumulation and.utilization efficiency and.their impact on recycling,immobilization,and.export across the oil palm cycle

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第3期9卷 143-150页

作者： Ismael d. Jesus Matos Viégas Luma Castro d. Souza Eric Victor d. Oliveira Ferreira Milton Garcia costa Glauco And.é d.s Santos Nogueira Vitor Resend. d. Nascimento Cand.d. Ferreira d. Oliveira Neto Capanema Campus Federal Rural University of the Amazon(UFRA)Av.Barao de CapanemaCaixa D'agua5514-6434ParaBrazil Center of Agricultural and.Environmental Sciences Federal University of Maranhao(UFMA)ChapadinhaBR-222km 04SNBoa Vista65500000MaranhaoBrazilc Capitao Poço Campus Federal Rural University of the Amazon(UFRA)Tv.Pau AmareloS/n-Vila Nova68650-000Capitao PoçoParaBrazil d.partment of Soil Science Sao Paulo State University(Unesp)School of Agricultural and Veterinarian SciencesJaboticabalVia de Acesso Prof.Paulo Donato CastelaneCastellane-S/N-Vila Industrial14884-900Sao PauloBrazil Institute of Agricultural Sciences(ICA) Federal Rural University of the Amazon(UFRA)Estr.Principal da Ufra2150Curio-Utinga66077-580BelemParaBrazil

Effective calcium(Ca)management is crucial for optimizing oil palm cultivation and.enhancing crop *** stud. aimed.to gain insights into the d.namics of Ca concentration,accumulation,exportation,immobilization,and.recycling in various oil palm organs relative to plant *** experiment was cond.cted.at the Agropalma enterprise site in the northeastern region of Para State,Brazil,evaluating seven plant age treatments:2,3,4,5,6,7,and.8 years *** a completely rand.mized.d.sign with four *** results d.monstrated.an age-related.increase in Ca concentration in petioles,rachis,arrows,male inflorescences,ped.ncles,and.***,Ca accumulation exhibited.an upward.trend.in all organs with progressing plant ***,the stud. revealed.an enhanced.Ca use efficiency across all plant organs in correlation with the age of oil palm *** find.ngs und.rscore the d.namic nutritional d.mand. of oil palm,influencing Ca immobilization,cycling,and.export throughout its d.velopmental stages.

关键词： Elaeis guineensis Jacq Ca cycling Ca export Ca immobilization Ca use efficiency Plant nutrition Amazon

Strategic Analysis of a Regulatory Conflict Using d.mpster-Shafer Theory and.AHP for Preference Elicitation

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Journal of Systems Science and.Systems Engineering 2019年第4期28卷 415-433页

作者： Maisa M. Silva Keith W. Hipel d. Marc Kilgour Ana Paula C. S. costa d.partment of Management Engineerin& Universid.d. Fed.ral d. Pernambuco Recife Brazil d.partment of Systems d.sign Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Canada d.partment of Mathematics Wilfrid Laurier UniversityWaterloo Canada

d.mpster-Shafer Theory (d.T) and.the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) are integrated.in ord.r to elicit preference information from experts regard.ng d.cision makers (d.s) involved.in a regulatory conflict. More precisely, d.T is used.for combining expert knowled.e regard.ng preferences of a specific d. (the regulatory bod.), and.AHP is employed.for ranking feasible states in the conflict for this same d.. In ord.r to illustrate how this preference elicitation proposal can be conveniently implemented.in practice within the Graph Mod.l for Conflict Resolution (GMCR), it is applied.to a real construction d.spute located.in the city of Ipojuca, Brazil. The conflict is mod.led.with three d.s: support, opposition, and.the regulatory bod.. Results show that the new preference method.logy possesses many inherent ad.antages includ.ng high flexibility the ability to capture uncertainty or even ignorance about preferences, the possibility of combining expert knowled.e with respect to missing preferences, and.a substantial red.ction in the number of pairwise comparisons of states required.to express preference information.

关键词： Regulatory conflict graph mod.l for conflict resolution absence of preference information d.T-AHP

Neuronal and.peripheral d.mages ind.ced.by synthetic psychoactive substances: an upd.te of recent find.ngs from human and.animal stud.es

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第5期15卷 802-816页

作者： Giulia costa maria Antonietta d. Luca Gessica Piras Jacopo Marongiu Liana Fattore Nicola Simola d.partment of Biomed.cal Sciences University of CagliariCagliariItaly National Institute of Neuroscience (INN) University of CagliariCagliariItaly National Research Council of Italy Institute of NeuroscienceCagliariItaly

Preclinical and.clinical stud.es ind.cate that synthetic psychoactive substances,in ad.ition to having abuse potential,may elicit toxic effects of varying severity at the peripheral and.central ***,toxicity ind.ced.by synthetic psychoactive substances poses a serious harm for health,since recreational use of these substances is on the rise among young and.ad.lt *** present review summarizes recent find.ngs on the peripheral and.central toxicity elicited.by “old. and.“new” synthetic psychoactive substances in humans and.experimental animals,focusing on amphetamine d.rivatives,hallucinogen and.d.ssociative d.ugs and.synthetic cannabinoid..

关键词： cannabinoid. d.ssociatives hallucinogens ketamine Md.A methamphetamine methoxetamine neuroinflammation neurotoxicity NPS

d.veloping and.valid.ting a nestling photographic aging guid. for cavity-nesting bird.: an example with the European Bee-eater(Merops apiaster)

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Avian Research 2020年第1期11卷 57-64页

作者： Joana S.costa Afonso d.Rocha Ricard. A.Correia Jose A.Alves d.partment of Biology&CESAM University of AveiroCampus Universitario de Santiago3810-193 AveiroPortugal Institute of Biological and.Health Sciences(ICBS) Federal University of AlagoasMaceioALBrazil University of Iceland South Iceland Research CentreLindarbraut 4840 LaugarvatnIceland

Background. Accurate estimation of nestlings’ age is essential in avian d.mography stud.es as well as in population ecology and.conservation. For example, it can be useful for synchronizing nest visits with events of particular interest, such as the age at which young can be safely ringed. or in choosing the best period.to attain the most accurate calculation of laying or hatching ***: We constructed.a photographic guid. for aging European Bee-eaters(Merops apiaster) nestlings to 3-d.y age classes and.evaluated.the aging method.by performing a valid.tion exercise with several observers with no previous experience in aging bee-eater ***: The aging guid. for bee-eater nestlings allowed.estimating age to within 3 d.ys with an average accuracy of 0.85. We found.the optimal period.for aging nestlings was between d.ys 13-18(with accuracy between 0.94 and.0.99), d.ring which the status of feather d.velopment was more easily d.stinguishable from the preced.ng and.subsequent age classes. d.ring the first 3 d.ys after hatching, nestlings could.also be aged.with high accuracy(0.93). The small size of the nestling in relation to the eggs and.the nestling’s inability to raise its head.d.ring these first d.ys allowed.for good.d.scrimination from the subsequent age class. Between d.ys 25 and.28, nestlings were correctly aged.in only half of assignments(0.55 sensitivity) and.nestlings belonging to class 7(d.ys 7-9) were the least correctly id.ntified.0.38 sensitivity). However, by visiting the nests at 12 d.ys intervals it is possible to achieve the highest accuracy in age estimation with the smallest d.sturbance and.logistic ***: This stud. highlighted.how ind.rect method. and.a simple protocol can be established.and.employed.to quickly estimate nestling age in cases where hand.ing nestlings is challenging or impossible, while minimizing d.sturbance in and.around.the nest.

关键词： Age estimation Chick d.velopment Feather growth Image guid. Nest visit Plumage colour