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Sex dimorphism and metabolic profiles in management of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第6期11卷 1236-1244页

作者： maria martin-Grau Daniel Monleon Department of Pathology University of ValenciaValencia 46010Spain

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)refers to the build-up of fat in the liver associated with metabolic dysfunction and has been estimated to affect a quarter of the population *** metabolism is highly influenced by the effects of sex hormones,studies of sex differences in the incidence and progression of MAFLD are *** represents a powerful approach to studying these differences and identifying potential biomarkers and putative ***,metabolomics makes it possible to obtain the molecular phenotype of the individual at a given ***,metabolomics may be a helpful tool for classifying patients according to the severity of the disease and obtaining diagnostic *** studies demonstrate associations between circulating metabolites and early and established MAFLD,but little is known about how metabolites relate to and encompass sex differences in disease progression and risk *** this review,we will discuss the epidemiological metabolomic studies for sex differences in the development and progression of MAFLD,the role of metabolic profiles in understanding mechanisms and identifying sex-dependent biomarkers,and how this evidence may help in the future management of the disease.

关键词： MAFLD Sex differences Metabolic profiles Metabolism

Farm-scale evaluation of the impact of CrylAb Bt maize on canopy nontarget arthropods： a 3-year study

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Insect Science 2018年第1期25卷 87-98页

作者： maria Arias-martin Matias Garcia Pedro Castanera Felix Ortego Gema P. Farinos Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas CSIC Departamento de Biologia Medioambiental Grupo de Interaccion Planta-lnsecto Ramiro deMaeztu 9 28040 Madrid Spain

The cultivation of CrylAb-expressing genetically modified MON810 （Bt maize） has led to public concern in Europe, regarding its impact on nontarget arthro- pods （NTAs）. We have assessed the potential effects of DKC 6451 YG （MON810） maize on canopy NTAs in a farm-scale study performed in Central Spain during 3 years. The study focused on hemipteran herbivores （leafhoppers and planthoppers） and hymenopteran parasitic wasps （mymarids） collected by yellow sticky traps, which accounted for 72% of the total number of insects studied. The dynamics and abundance of these groups varied among years, but no significant differences were found between Bt and non-Bt maize, indicating that Bt maize had no negative effect on these taxa. Nonetheless, the CrylAb toxin was detected in 2 different arthropods collected from Bt maize foliage, the cicadellids Zyginidia scutellaris and Empoasca spp. A retrospective power analysis on the arthropod abundance data for our field trials has determined that Z. scutellaris and the family My- maridae have high capacity to detect differences between the Bt maize and its isogenic counterpart. The use of these canopy NTAs as surrogates for assessing environmental impacts of Bt maize is discussed.

关键词： Cicadellidae MON810 Mymaridae risk assessment surrogate species Zyginidia scutellaris

Rodent models and metabolomics in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: What can we learn?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第2期14卷 304-318页

作者： maria martin-Grau Vannina G Marrachelli Daniel Monleon Department of Pathology University of ValenciaValencia 46010Spain Department of Physiology University of ValenciaValencia 46010Spain Health Research Institute INCLIVA Valencia 46010Spain CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable(CIBERfes) Madrid 28029Spain

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)prevalence has increased drastically in recent decades,affecting up to 25%of the world’s *** is a spectrum of different diseases that starts with asymptomatic steatosis and continues with development of an inflammatory response called steatohepatitis,which can progress to *** molecular and metabolic changes are required for the hepatocyte to finally vary its function;hence a“multiple hit”hypothesis seems a more accurate *** studies and current knowledge suggest that in most cases,NAFLD initiates and progresses through most of nine hallmarks of the disease,although the triggers and mechanisms for these can vary *** use of animal models remains crucial for understanding the disease and for developing tools based on biological *** certain requirements to be met,a good model must imitate certain aspects of the human NAFLD disorder,be reliable and reproducible,have low mortality,and be compatible with a simple and feasible *** studies in these models provides a direct reflection of the workings of the cell and may be a useful approach to better understand the initiation and progression of the *** seems a valid tool for studying metabolic pathways and crosstalk between organs affected in animal models of NAFLD and for the discovery and validation of relevant biomarkers with biological *** this review,we provide a brief introduction to NAFLD hallmarks,the five groups of animal models available for studying NAFLD and the potential role of metabolomics in the study of experimental NAFLD.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Liver disease Rodent models Metabolic profiling Metabolomics Biomarkers

Potential of video games for the promotion of neuroadaptation to multifocal intraocular lenses: a narrative review

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第11期12卷 1782-1787页

作者： maria Begona Coco-martin Pedro LValenzuela Miguel JMaldonado-López Alejandro Santos-Lozano Ainhoa Molina-martin David P Pinero Research Unit Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid.ICSCYLValladolid 47003Spain Grupo de Cirugía Refractivay Rehabilitación Visual.Instituto Universitario de Oftalmobiología Aplicada(IOBA) Universidad de ValladolidValladolid 47011Spain Physiology Unit Systems Biology DepartmentUniversity of AlcaláMadrid 28801Spain Grupo de Investigación i+Health Departamento de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Europea Miguel de CervantesValladolid 47012Spain Department of Optics Pharmacology and AnatomyUniversity of AlicanteAlicante 03690Spain Department of Ophthalmology(IMQO-Oftalmar) Vithas Medimar International HospitalAlicante 03016Spain

Multifocal intraocular lenses(IOLs) are currently usually implanted for the treatment of cataracts because they have been proved to be superior to monofocal IOLs with respect to spectacle independence. In turn, they are associated with a higher prevalence of dysphotopsia symptoms that is one of the most common causes of patient dissatisfaction. Neuroadaptation seems to play a major role in the optimal adaptation to multifocal IOLs. In this context, the development of strategies that facilitate the neuroadaptation process to multifocality might be an effective strategy to reduce patients' dissatisfaction. Video games have been proved to be effective for the improvement of visual acuity and for the promotion of neuroplasticity in elderly subjects and other populations with cortical-related visual impairment. This narrative review highlights the physiological potential of video games as a perceptual strategy to improve visual acuity and promote neuroplasticity in patients using multifocalIOLs, although research is still needed to confirm these benefits in this specific population, with only one comparative study to this date providing evidence of them.

关键词： multifocal intraocular lens dysphotopsia photic phenomena halos video games neuroadaptation neuroplasticity

Thermal analysis of olive tree pruning and the by-products obtained by its gasification and pyrolysis: The effect of some heavy metals on their devolatilization behavior

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第5期28卷 105-117页

作者： Irene lanez-Rodriguez maria Angeles martin-Lara Gabriel Blazquez Oscar Osegueda Monica Calero Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GranadaAvda.Fuentenuevas/n 18071 GranadaSpain Department of Process Engineering and Environmental Sciences Jose Simeon Canas Central American UniversityBulevar Los ProceresSan SalvadorEl Salvador

In this work, the effect of the presence of nickel and lead in thermal decomposition of olive tree pruning (OTP), OTP-char and OTP-ashes was studied by thermogravimetry. Experiments were conducted in two kinds of atmosphere (nitrogen atmosphere and oxidizing atmosphere with 20% of O2) at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min. This investigation describes the chemical, physical and fuel properties of the OTP, which shows a similar composition to other lignocellulosic materials such as hazelnut husk and wood sawdust. In addition, SEM analysis indicated that OTP-char surface is higher than OTP surface with plenty of holes and channels. It makes the char an ideal support for metal retention specially for Pb metal (OTP retained 8.55 mg/g whereas OTP char retained 11.57 mg/g). On the other hand, metal retention occurred by adsorption or ion exchange, according to the IR spectrum of the samples. The results of thermogravimetric tests proved that the presence of lead did not have a strong effect on the decomposition of the samples, since TG and DTG curves were very similar. However, nickel increased the mass loss rate, accelerating the decomposition process, showing higher peaks in DTG curves. Additionally, for temperatures higher than 360 ℃, the volatilization of the samples was improved in the nickel-polluted sample, achieving a higher mass loss, getting more energy from the biomass and reducing the quantity of residues left after the process.

关键词： Biosorption Lead Metal-polluted biomass Nickel Thermal decomposition Thermogravimetric analysis

Energy Security in the European Union

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2012年第3期6卷 379-386页

作者： Laura Rodrlguez-Fernandez Rosa maria Fernandez-martin Department of Applied Economics Spanish Open University （UNED） Madrid 28040 Spain

According to the European Commission, the three challenges that Europe must face related to energy are sustainability, security of supply and reaching an effective competitiveness in the internal energy market. To meet these three challenges, the Commission deems necessary to implement a common energy policy. To this end, it proposed an action plan based on the effective creation of an internal energy market, the solidarity between Member States and security of supply for oil, gas and electricity, Therefore energy security is one of the main concerns, and so one of the priorities, of the new European energy policy proposed by the Commission. This paper tries to show that even though energy has been on the basis of what we call today European Union, it has been extremely complicated to get a common energy policy. Bearing this in mind, energy security has been one of the main areas of consensus that has led EU to the mentioned Commission proposal, and we can see now the first steps of the so much wanted common energy policy.

关键词： Energy energy policy European Union energy security security of supply.

Clinical Characterization and Frequency of Observation of Hereditary Retinal Diseases： Multicentric Study in Panama in 2012-2013

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2016年第11期4卷 618-630页

作者： Juan Manuel Mufioz Cuellar Rosa maria Coco martin Institute of Ofialmo-Biologia Aplicada (IOBA) University of Valladolid Valladolid 47011 Spain

Retinal dystrophies are genetically determined diseases, implying the loss of function of the retina with a wide phenotypic and genotypic variability. There are very few phenotypic, genotypic and epidemiological data on retinal dystrophies in Latin America. The Objective of this study is to describe the epidemioiogical and clinical characteristics of hereditary retinal and choroidal diseases, in retina practices in Panama. A descriptive study, from 2012 to 2013, was performed in the main retina practices in Panama. All detected patients were given a free appointment to gather their phenotypic characteristics and pedigrees. An incidence of five new cases per year, and an accumulated incidence of 5.35 patients per I0,000 was calculated for the public hospitals. A frequency of 2.7 cases per 1,000 patients was observed in the main retina practices, where 69% had rod-cone dystrophies, 14.3% cone-rod dystrophies, 7.1% Stargardt disease, 4.8% Stargardt-like macular dystrophy and two patients presented other dystrophies. Blindness was the main family antecedent （45.2%）. Retinal pigment was present in 59% and strabismus in 21.4% of the patients. Rod-cone and cone-rod dystrophies had similar geographic distribution and the autosomal recessive inheritance pattern was the most frequently observed. This study gives the first phenotypic data of retinal dystrophies in Panama to orient clinicians for a better diagnosis and phenotyping-genotyping correlation for retinal dystrophies in Central America.

关键词： Retinal dystrophies retinitis pigmentosa rod-cone dystrophy cone-rod dystrophy Stargardt disease phenotypiccharacterization.

Sustaining forest biodiversity:Exploring the effect of long-term natural disturbance dynamics on contemporary lichen communities in primary forest ecosystems

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 556-567页

作者： Rhiannon Gloor Marek Svitok martin Mikolas Jenyk Hofmeister Josef Halda Pavel Janda Francesco maria Sabatini Lucie Zemanova Arne Buechling Daniel Kozak Matej Ferencik Michal Frankovic martin Dusatko Miroslav Svoboda Department of Forest Ecology Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PragueKamycka 129Praha 6–Suchdol16500Czech Republic Faculty of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Technical University in ZvolenT.G.Masaryka 2496001ZvolenSlovakia Institute of Botany Plant Science and Biodiversity CenterSlovak Academy of SciencesDúbravska cesta 984523BratislavaSlovakia PRALES Odtrnovie 56301322RosinaSlovakia Faculty of Science University of Hradec KraloveHradecka 1285Hradec KraloveⅢ50003Czech Republic BIOME–Biogeography and Macroecology Department of BiologicalGeological and Environmental Sciences(BIGEA)Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bolognavia Irnerio 42BolognaItaly

In this era of biodiversity loss and climate change,quantifying the impacts of natural disturbance on forest communities is imperative to improve biodiversity conservation *** and epixylic lichens are effective forest quality bioindicators,as they are generally long-lived organisms supported by continuity of specific forest structures and their associated microclimatic ***,how lichen communities respond to the effects of fluctuating historical disturbances remains *** a dendrochronological approach,this study investigates how natural disturbance dynamics indirectly influence various lichen community metrics in some of Europe's best-preserved primary mixed-beech *** modelling revealed that natural historical disturbance processes have decades-long effects on forest structural attributes,which had both congruent and divergent impacts on lichen community richness and *** species richness indirectly benefited from both historical and recent higher-severity disturbances via increased standing dead tree basal area and canopy openness respectively-likely through the presence of both pioneer and late-successional species associated with these ***-listed species richness showed a dependence on habitat continuity(old trees),and increased with disturbance-related structures(standing dead trees)whilst simultaneously benefiting from periods without severe disturbance events(old trees and reduced deadwood volume).However,if the disturbance occurred over a century in the past,no substantial effect on forest structure was ***,while disturbance-mediated forest structures can promote overall richness,threatened species appear vulnerable to more severe disturbance events-a concern,as disturbances are predicted to intensify with climate ***,the high number of threatened species found reinforce the critical role of primary forest structural attributes for biodiversity ***

关键词： Mixed-beech forests Species richness Old-growth forests Carpathian mountains Biodiversity conservation Dendroecology Fagus sylvatica

Selection of Relevant Variables to the Enzyme Production on Red Grape Pomace by Solid-State Fermentation

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Journal of Life Sciences 2012年第6期6卷 608-614页

作者： Martha Dina Vallejo maria L. martin Pablo Monetta Silvia C. Gouiric Institute of Bioteehnology Engineering Faculty National University of San Juan San Juan 5400 Argentina Agricultural Experimental Station San Juan National Institute for Agricultural Technology San Juan 5427 Argentina

With the aim of to valorise red grape pomace and to reduce its environmental impact, the production of enzymatic preparations appear as an interesting choice. Statistical experimental Plackett-Burman designs were applied for the selection of relevant medium components and culture conditions for cellulase, xylanase, polygalacturonase and tannase production by Aspergillus awamori, in solid-state fermentation on red grape pomace. Ten variables were tested： initial moisture content （IMC）, particle size （PS）, temperature, initial pH, time of cultivation, mixing （Mx）, and additions of： fructose, tannic acid, sodium phosphate, and ammonium sulphate （ASA）. Results indicate that the production of each enzyme was affected in a distinct way by the different variables. Also, for each of the enzyme activities considered, IMC must be carefully controlled, and optimized above 65%; PS and Mx, must not be taken into account and ASA must be discarded. The other variables studied, must be selected according to the enzyme activity that will be favored.

关键词： Solid-state fermentation enzyme production Aspergillus awamori red grape pomace