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Hepatitis C eradication with sofosbuvir leads to significant metabolic changes

World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第35期8卷 1557-1563页

作者： Amilcar L Morales Zachary Junga Manish B Singla maria sjogren Dawn Torres Hepatology Service San Antonio Military Medical Center Gastroenterology Service Walter Reed National Military Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine Walter Reed National Military Medical Center

AIMTo assess the effect of sofosbuvir (SOF) based regimens on glycemic and lipid control. METHODSThis is a retrospective analysis of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients treated and cured with a SOF regimen [SOF/ribavirin/interferon, SOF/simeprevir, or SOF/ledipasvir (LDV) ± ribavirin] from January 2014 to March 2015. Patients with hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) and lipid panels within six months before and six months after therapy were identified and included in our study. Due to the known hemolytic effect of ribavirin, HbA1C was obtained a minimum of three months post-treatment for the patients treated with a ribavirin regimen. Medical history, demographics, HCV genotype, pre-therapy RNA, and liver biopsies were included in our analysis. The patients who started a new medication or had an adjustment of baseline medical management for hyperlipidemia or diabetes mellitus (DM) were excluded from our analysis. RESULTSTwo hundred and thirty-four patients were reviewed, of which 60 patients met inclusion criteria. Sixty-three point three percent were male, 26.7% were Caucasian, 41.7% were African American and 91.7% were infected with hepatitis C genotype 1. Mean age was 60.6 ± 6.7 years. Thirty-nine patients had HbA1C checked before and after treatment, of which 22 had the diagnosis of DM type 2. HbA1C significantly decreased with treatment of HCV (pretreatment 6.66% ± 0.95% vs post-treatment 6.14% ± 0.65%, P vs 0.71% ± 0.83%, P = 0.070). Fifty-two patients had pre- and post-treatment lipid panels; there was a significant increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol (TC) after treatment (LDL: 99.5 ± 28.9 mg/dL vs 128.3 ± 34.9 mg/dL, P vs 199.7 ± 40.0 mg/dL, P P = 0.684). CONCLUSIONEradication of HCV with a SOF regimen resulted in a significant drop in HbA1C and an increase in LDL and TC post therapy.

关键词： Hepatitis C Sofosbuvir Hyperlipidemia Hemoglobin A1c Low-density lipoprotein

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Effects of improved fallow with Sesbania sesban on maize productivity and Striga hermonthica infestation in Western Kenya

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Journal of Forestry Research 2010年第3期21卷 379-386,400页

作者： Hans sjogren Keith D Shepherd Anders Karlsson Department of Forest Ecology and Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF)

Striga hermonthica is a major constraint to smallholder sub-sistence agriculture production in the sub-Saharan African region. Low soil fertility and overall environmental degradation has contributed to the build-up of the parasitic weed infestation. Improved cropping systems have to be introduced to address the interrelated problems of S. her-monthica and soil fertility decline. Thus, the effects of improved fallow with leguminous shrub Sesbania sesban on maize yields and levels of S. hermonthica infestation on farm land in the bimodal highlands of western Kenya were investigated. The experimental treatments were arranged in a phased entry, and randomized complete block scheme were six months Sesbania fallow, 18 months Sesbania fallow, six months natural fallow consisting of regrowth of natural vegetation without cultivation, 18 months natural fallow, continuous maize cropping without fertilizer application, and continuous maize cropping with P and N fertilization. Results show that Sesbania fallows significantly （p0.05） increase maize yield relative to continuous unfertilized maize. S. hermonthica plant populations decrease in continuous maize between the first season （mean = 428 000 ± 63 000 ha-1） and second season （mean=51 000 ± 15 000 ha-1）, presumably in response to good weed management. S. hermonthica seed populations in the soil decrease throughout the duration of the experi-ment in the continuous maize treatments. Short-duration Sesbania fal-lows can provide modest yield improvements relative to continuous unfertilized maize, but short-duration weedy fallows are ineffective. Continuous maize cultivation with good weed control may provide more effective S. hermonthica control than fallowing.

关键词： agroforestry crop yield improved fallow residual effect root parasite soil fertility replenishment

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Influence of Road Wetness on Tire-Pavement Rolling Resistance

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2015年第11期9卷 1302-1310页

作者： Jerzy Ejsmont Leif sjogren Beata Swieczko-Zurek Grzegorz Ronowski Technical University of Gdansk (TUG) Mechanical Faculty Gdansk 80 233 Poland Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI) Linkoping 58195 Sweden

Rolling resistance of tires is one of the most important factors influencing energy consumption of road vehicles, especially on rural roads. For practical reasons, most of rolling resistance measurements are usually performed for dry road conditions. Based on the fact that roads are wet during a considerable time over the year and as part of the projects MIR/AM, ROLRES and ROSANNE, the TUG （Technical University of Gdafisk） in Poland and VTI （Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute） in Sweden carried out trailer rolling resistance measurements on wet road surfaces to investigate water film influence on rolling resistance on different pavements. A specially-designed trailer to measure rolling resistance has been used. The test sections were both rural roads and an abandoned airfield equipped with water film sensors mounted in the pavement. Results indicate strong influence of test speed and water film depth, as well as influence of surface texture. The increase of rolling resistance on wet surfaces is caused by both hydrodynamic phenomena and cooling effect of water that decreases tire temperature thus increasing rolling resistance.

关键词： Tires rolling resistance road wetness water film

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Validation of the Trail Making Test B for the Cognitive Assessment of Patients with Cancer in Palliative Care

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Open Journal of Statistics 2014年第6期4卷 435-445页

作者： Juliano dos Santos Cibele Andrucioli de Mattos Pimenta Geana Paula Kurita Patricia Emilia Braga Per sjogren National Cancer Institute-HC Ⅲ Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Medical Surgical Nursing School of NursingUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Rigshospitalet Section of Palliative MedicineMultidisciplinary Pain CentreCopenhagenDenmark

Introduction: Cognitive impairment is common in patients with cancer;however, studies examining the adaptation and validation of instruments for use in patients with cancer are scarce. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to validate the Trail Making Test B (TMT-B) for use in patients with cancer. Methods: Ninety-four outpatients receiving palliative treatment and 39 healthy companions were assessed. Patients were tested with the TMT-B and answered questions regarding the presence and intensity of pain, fatigue, quality of sleep, anxiety, and depression, at two time points with a 7-day inter-assessment interval. Results: The instrument discriminated between patients, who were slower, and healthy companions with respect to the time required to complete the test, but not in terms of the number of errors. The test was stable for the healthy companions across the two assessments in terms of time to complete the TMT-B and the number of errors;for patients, the instrument was stable only for the number of errors. Performance on the TMT-B did not correlate with pain, fatigue, depression, anxiety, or sensation of rest. Conclusions: TMT-B cannot be considered fully validated. Further studies incorporating and comparing other instruments evaluating executive function and mental flexibility are needed.

关键词： Cognition Executive Function Hospice Care Neoplasms Neuropsychological Tests Validation Studies

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板式换热器在炼油和石油化工工业中的应用

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石油化工设备 1985年第3期 56-60页

作者： S.sjogren W.Grueiro 兰州炼油厂

近来,炼油和石油化工工业中的工艺师们对使用板式换热器的兴趣正在逐渐增加。这种结构紧凑而又经济的设备,能够满足投资低、传热效率高、占地面积小、控制灵敏而准确的要求。到目前为止,虽然板式换热器在炼油工业中应用还没有,但是它... 详细信息

近来,炼油和石油化工工业中的工艺师们对使用板式换热器的兴趣正在逐渐增加。这种结构紧凑而又经济的设备,能够满足投资低、传热效率高、占地面积小、控制灵敏而准确的要求。到目前为止,虽然板式换热器在炼油工业中应用还没有,但是它在其它工业领域已经有了很长久的,经济而可靠的应用史。在压力和温度分别为2000千牛顿/米~2和150℃的条件下,这种换热器适用于任何液-液工艺流程之间的热交换。维修记录说明,结垢和腐蚀程度都很低。通常,工艺师宁愿使用板式换热器而不用传统的管壳式换热器,这是因为它首先是费用比较低,在同一负荷条件下,用板式换热器比管壳式换热器可降低40～60％的费用。

关键词：板式换热器炼油厂传热效率板式快速加热器加工厂板片管壳式换热器

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Increased Susceptibility to Pneumococcal Disease in sjogren Syndrome Patients

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World Journal of Vaccines 2014年第2期4卷 45-49页

作者： maria Ercibengoa Marta Alonso Jose M.Marimon Jose Ramon Saenz-Domínguez Emilio Perez-Trallero Biomedical Research Centre Network for Respiratory Diseases(CIBERES) San SebastianSpain Servicio de Microbiología-Instituto Biodonostia Hospital Universitario DonostiaSan SebastiánSpain Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Faculty of MedicineBasque Country UniversityUPV/EHUSan SebastiánSpain

Susceptibility to pneumococcal infections in Sj?gren syndrome (SS)―an autoimmune inflammatory disease―patients is not well known, although these patients frequently develop respiratory diseases. The relative risk of developing pneumococcal disease in SS patients versus diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM-2) patients, matched by age, gender, and length of enrolment was studied. From January 1998 to September 2013 the records of Donostia University Hospital were analyzed, which among other patient’s data includes: number and type of hospital admissions and number and type of laboratory determinations. Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates of the same serotype causing recurrent infections were characterized by PFGE. The study comprised 127 patients in the SS group (69 primary and 58 secondary) and 127 in the DM-2 group as control. In 12 SS patients, (9.4%) 22 pneumococcal disease episodes were detected. Two patients (1.6%) with a single episode each one were observed among DM-2 patients, p = 0.01, RR for SS patients 6 (95% CI 1.4 to 26.3). No differences could be demonstrated between the two groups of patients in infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus agalactiae. Most pneumococcal serotypes in SS patients belonged to the 13-valent (50%) and 23-valent (75%) anti-pneumococcal vaccine. SS patients are associated with and increased risk of suffering from pneumococcal disease. Vaccination should be considered in this group of patients.

关键词： sjogren Syndrome Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Pneumococcal Vaccine Streptococcus pneumoniae

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老年高总胆固醇水平与痴呆风险降低相关

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 52-53页

作者： Mielke M.M. Zandi P.P. sjogren M. 陈海 Johns Hopkins University Center on Aging and Health 2024 East Monument Street Baltimore MD 21205 United States Dr.

Objective: To examine the longitudinal association between plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride levels and incident dementia. Methods: Neuropsychiatric, anthropometric, laboratory, and other assessments were conducted for 392 partici pants of a 1901 to 1902 birth cohort first examined at age 70. Follow-up examin ations were at ages 75, 79, 81, 83, 85, and 88. Information on those lost to fol low-up was collected from case records, hospital linkage system, and death cert ificates. Cox proportional hazards regression examined lipid levels at ages 70, 75, and 79 and incident dementia between ages 70 and 88. Results: Increasing cho lesterol levels (per mmol/L) at ages 70 (hazard ratio [HR] 0.77, 95%CI: 0.61 to 0.96, p=0.02), 75 (HR 0.70, CI: 0.52 to 0.93, p=0.01), and 79 (HR 0.73, CI: 0.55 to 0.98, p=0.04) were associated with a reduced risk of dementia between ages 79 and 88. Examination of cholesterol levels in quartiles showed that the risk reduction was apparent only among the highest quartile at ages 70 (8.03 to 11.44 mmol/L [311 to 442 mg/dL]; HR 0.31, CI: 0.11 to 0.85, p=0.03), 75 (7.03 to 9. 29 mmol/L [272 to 359 mg/dL]; HR 0.20, CI: 0.05 to 0.75, p=0.02), and 79 (6.82 t o 9.10 mmol/L [264 to 352 mg/dL];HR 0.45, CI: 0.17 to 1.23, p=0.12). Triglycerid e levels were not associated with dementia. Conclusions: High cholesterol in lat e life was associated with decreased dementia risk, which is in contrast to prev ious studies suggesting high cholesterol in mid-life is a risk factor for later dementia. The conflicting results may be explained by the timing of the cholest erol measurements in relationship to age and the clinical onset of dementia.

关键词：总胆固醇水平风险降低甘油三酯水平神经精神病学纵向联系检查和死亡证明临床发病四分位数人体测量

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灰口铸铁中石墨分布的优化

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铸造设备与工艺 2010年第5期 42-45页

作者： T.sjogren P.E.Persson A.Udroiu P.Vomacka 王晓靖 SP瑞典技术研究学院瑞典铸造解决方案公司 Ronneby软件中心

为了获得优秀的灰口铸铁性能,控制石墨的形态和分布是关键,而石墨的形成取决于凝固过程中经过共晶区间时的冷却条件,适当的金属液处理和有效的成分控制,能获得分散的、均匀分布的A型石墨。

关键词：石墨分布 A型石墨共晶凝固热分析孕育

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