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Neuromyelitis Optica Revealed by Headache in a Child: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第3期13卷 432-436页

作者： Amal Hamami maria rkain Madiha Benhachem Ayyad Ghannam Aziza Elouali Abdeladim Babakhoua Department of Pediatrics Mohamed VI University Hospital Center Mohamed 1 University Oujda Oujda Morocco

Devic’s neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a rare inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that results in optic neuropathy and myelitis. Optic neuritis represents the mode of entry into the disease in more than two thirds of cases. It is a rare entity in children. There is no effective treatment at present, but some molecules can be used, such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants and plasma exchange. The prognosis in children is generally favorable. Devic’s neuromyelitis is a condition of unknown etiopathogeny which is functionally critical and requires early and appropriate treatment. We report the case of a 12-year-old girl who presented to emergency with a headache and decreased visual acuity, whose investigations led to the diagnosis of Devic’s neuromyelitis optica.

关键词： Neuromyelitis Optica Devic Syndrome Child

Macrophage Activation Syndrome as the Primary Presentation of Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期14卷 132-138页

作者： Hanane Hajaj Hanae Bahari Aziza El Ouali Ayyad Ghanam maria rkain Abdeladim Babakhouya Department of Pediatrics Mohammed VI University Hospital Oujda Morocco Mohammed VI University Hospital Medical School University Mohammed First Oujda Morocco

Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), in its secondary form, often complicates rheumatic diseases but rarely constitutes a mode of revelation. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that primarily affects women in adulthood. MAS is a serious condition that may be the first presentation of SLE. Here, we report the case of a 4-year-old female with MAS as the primary manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). In this case, we outline the characteristics of a complex case of SLE that was initially accompanied with MAS, and also review the literature to discuss the clinical, biological, and therapeutic aspects of this condition.

关键词： Macrophage Activation Syndrome Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Child

Attitudes and Practices of Lumbar Puncture among Students, Interns, and Residents of the Pediatric Department of the Mohammed VI University Hospital Center of Oujda, Morocco

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 598-608页

作者： Hasnae Elhaddadi Ayyad Ghanam Hind Zahiri Amal Hamami Aziza Elouali Abdeladim Babakhouya maria rkain Department of Pediatrics University Hospital Center Mohammed VI Oujda Morocco Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco

Introduction: Even though lumbar puncture (LP) represents an important tool in the diagnosis of certain neurological diseases, this procedure is little practiced by our students. We aimed to evaluate the attitudes and practices of students, interns, and residents about LP, and to assess their feelings about how this procedure is taught. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 160 participants, using an anonymous questionnaire, to evaluate the attitudes and practices of students, interns and residents in the pediatrics department concerning lumbar puncture. Results: Half of the participants had never performed LP, usually because of the risk involved or lack of confidence, while 20% had performed it more than 4 times. None of the participants had learned to perform the procedure through simulation sessions, while (42%) had learned it under the supervision of a senior physician and had not been able to perform it successfully the first time. Most participants inform the patient about the procedure before performing it. Only 44% of participants acknowledged that LP can be performed under local anesthetic. The sitting position (60%) was by far the most commonly used. Most LPs were performed for diagnostic purposes. Most participants stated that the pediatric ward and the pediatric emergency department are among the departments that perform LP most frequently, and that they would be interested in taking part in simulated lumbar puncture sessions in children in the future. Conclusion: The results of our study show that LP is perceived by students as a risky procedure that is difficult to perform. Teachers should reconsider how this technical procedure is taught, by integrating simulation on mannequins into student training.

关键词： Lumbar Puncture Learning Healthcare Simulation Stress Clinical Competency

Pediatric Hepatoblastoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 266-271页

作者： Hanae Bahari Hanane Hajaj Hind Zahiri Ayyad Ghanam Abdeladim Babakhouya maria rkain Department of Pediatrics Mohammed VI University Hospital Oujda Morocco Medical School Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco

Introduction and Objective: Hepatoblastoma is the most frequent malignant embryonal liver tumor, and its incidence is increasing. Children under 3 years of age are particularly affected. The etiology is largely unknown, but a genetic predisposition exists. This case highlights the clinical and imaging characteristics and management strategies. Case Report: We report the case of an 18 months old male admitted for exploration of an abdominal mass and was diagnosed with hepatoblastoma. Conclusion: Hepatoblastoma is an aggressive tumor that begins locally and eventually metastasizes to the brain, lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs. Tumor stage at presentation and resectability are the most significant prognostic factors.

关键词： Hepatoblastoma Liver Children Alpha-Fetoprotein

Ecthyma Gangrenosum in Patient with Bone Marrow Aplasia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 272-278页

作者： Hanane Hajaj Hanae Bahari Hind Zahiri Ayyad Ghanam Aziza El Ouali Abdeladim Babakhouya maria rkain Department of Pediatrics Mohammed VI University Hospital Oujda Morocco Mohammed VI University Hospital Medical School Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco

Background: Ecthyma gangrenosum (EG) is an infrequent and discernible cutaneous disease caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In situations where it is associated with septicemia in debilitated patients, the prognosis is usually unfavorable. Objective: In this case, we aim to verify risk factors, clinical, bacteriological and therapeutic characteristics of ecthyma gangrenosum and we review the literature to highlight the features of this rare condition and discuss the role of early diagnosis and treatment. Case Report: We describe the clinical case of a 4-year-old male with bone marrow aplasia who was presented with characteristic skin lesions of EG and developed sepsis later. Conclusion: EG is a cutaneous disease characterized by its aggressive nature. The presence of delayed diagnosis and therapy, along with sepsis, is closely linked to a high mortality rate. Treatment is empirically founded on an aggressive initial approach.

关键词： Ecthyma Gangrenosum Child Bone Marrow Aplasia

Sacrococcygeal Teratoma a Rare Tumor in Children: Case Report

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期14卷 78-83页

作者： Hanae Bahari Hanane Hajaj Hind Zahiri Ayyad Ghanam Aziza El Ouali Abdeladim Babakhouya maria rkain Department of Pediatrics Mohammed VI University Hospital Oujda Morocco Medical School University Mohammed First Oujda Morocco

Sacrococcygeal teratomas (SCTs) are uncommon congenital tumors that typically develop in newborns, they are rarely associated with chromosomal abnormalities or other congenital anomalies. The majority of pediatric teratomas are benign in the neonatal age group, but the risk of malignancy increases with age. Diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical, radiological, and hormonal findings, but confirmed by anatomopathological study. Treatment is primarily surgical, with the aim of achieving complete resection to prevent recurrence. We present the case of a 22-month-old child who was admitted for management of a sacrococcygeal mass and was diagnosed with an immature teratoma.

关键词： Sacrococcygeal Mass Alpha-Fetoprotein Surgery

Extra Dural Hematoma of the Dorso-Lumbar Region in a Hemophiliac: A Rare Entity

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期14卷 84-88页

作者： Hanane Hajaj Hanae Bahari Ayyad Ghanam Aziza El Ouali Abdeladim Babakhouya maria rkain Department of Pediatrics Mohammed VI University Hospital Oujda Morocco Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed Ist University Oujda Morocco

Introduction and objective: Hemophilia is a genetic bleeding disorder inherited as a recessive train linked to the male gender. Bleeding into the central nervous system in patients with hemophilia is an extremely dangerous condition that can be directly life-threatening, if left untreated. Extradural hematoma of the dorso-lumbar region is rare but potentially deadly disease in children. This condition can result in severe neurological deficits. We aim to discuss the clinical, radiological and progressive clinical aspects of this illness. Case report: We report the case of a 5-year-old child with severe hemophilia A treated for extradural hematoma of the dorso-lumbar region resulting from trauma. A spinal magnetic resonance imaging revealed an extradural hematoma. The patient was successfully treated with intensive replacement therapy and did not require surgical intervention. Conclusion: Extradural hematoma is a rare complication of hemophilia, that needs to be looked for in children who have bleeding disorders. For the best neurological outcome, early diagnosis is crucial.

关键词： Extradural Hematoma Children Hemophilia

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma: A Case Report with Literature Review

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 531-535页

作者： Ayad Ghanam Manal Azizi Hind Zahiri Aziza El Ouali Abdeladim Babakhouya maria rkain Department of Pediatrics Mohammed VI University Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (XGJ) is the most common form of non-Langerhansian histiocytosis. We report a pediatric case of multiple XGJ without visceral involvement in a 6-month-old female infant who was hospitalized with disseminated congenital skin nodules, of firm consistency, of variable diameter ranging from a few millimetres to 1 cm, involving the face, scalp, trunk and limbs. There was no mucosal localization. The remainder of the somatic examination was unremarkable. The diagnosis of disseminated XGJ was confirmed by skin biopsy without visceral or systemic involvement. Therapeutic abstention was recommended. This observation underlines the fact that XGJ is a rare clinical entity that should not be overlooked when faced with congenital skin nodules.

关键词： Cutaneous Nodules Juvenile Xanthogranuloma Child

Unexplained Crying Episodes Reveling a Cystic Nephromas

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第3期13卷 424-427页

作者： Amal Hamami Ayad Ghannam Madiha Benhachem Aziza El Ouali Abdeladim Babakhouya maria rkain Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco

Cystic nephromas (CNs) are uncommon, benign renal neoplasms reported in infants/young children of both genders and in adult females, concerning the pediatric population few studies have been conducted. The diagnosis of cystic nephroma is based on clinical signs, imaging tests, and anatomo-pathological study. In children, CNs can appear as a palpable abdominal mass in most of cases, hematuria or recurrent urinary infections. They are characterized by multycystic architecture and the exclusive presence of mature nephrogenic elements. Treatment is surgical with a very good prognosis in most of cases. We are going to report a case of a 13-month-old girl child diagnosed with Cystic nephromas who presented to pediatric emergency with unexplained crying episodes in order to increase clinicians awareness about this rare tumor.

关键词： Cystic Nephroma Benign Renal Tumor Child Good Prognosis