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Oleuropein-Specific-β-Glucosidase Activity Marks the Early Response of Olive Fruits (Olea europaea) to Mimed Insect Attack

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第6期7卷 703-712页

作者： Antonia Spadafora Silvia Mazzuca francesca Fiorella Chiappetta Attilio Parise Enzo Perri Anna maria Innocenti Laboratorio di Citofisiologia Vegetale Dipartimento di Ecologia Cubo 6b Ponte Bucci Università della Calabria 87030 Rende (CS) Italy C.R.A. Centro di Ricerca per l'Olivicoltura e l'Industria Olearia Contrada Li Rocchi 87030 Rende Italy

Olive fruits are seriously deteriorated by pre and postharvest damage due to the attack of insects, such as Bactrocera olaea, which strongly alters the quality of olives. Defence response in olive fruits injured both by pathogens and by mechanical damages has been associated with the enzyme β-glucosidase, which specifically hydrolyses oleuropein, producing highly reactive aldehyde molecules. In situ detection of ^-glucosidase activity in olive fruit tissues following injury, which simulates Bactrocera oleae punctures, is reported. The assay was performed in two cultivars showing different degrees of susceptibilities to fly infestation. In both cultivars, the histochemical assay for β-glucosidase showed that within 20 min after the injury, a strong ^-glucosidase activity could be observed in the damaged tissues. Thereafter a progressive enzyme inactivation occurred starting from tissues around the boundary of the injury with decrease of the enzyme activity and stopped after 3 h. Whereas the mass of active cells reached a distance of （300±50） μm from the edge of the injury. Biochemical analyses showed that in extracts of the injured fruit, β-glucosidase activity rapidly increased within 20 min from injury, thereafter decreasing and reaching values comparable with those in intact fruits. Following puncture, the oleuropein contents did not change significantly in the high susceptibility cultivar, whereas it rapidly decreased in the cultivar showing low susceptibility. The results strongly suggest that olive fruits susceptible towards fly infestation could be related to the ability of the oleuropein-degrading-β-glucosidase to produce the highly reactive molecules in the damaged tissues. As a consequence of puncture, high level of peroxidase activity was detected. This feature also suggested that this enzyme could play a key role in the defence response against insect injuries.

关键词： β-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21) oleuropein Olea europaea Bactrocera oleae infestation cultivar resistance

Endometritis associated with Enterococcus casseliflavus in a mare:A case report

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第8期7卷 760-762页

作者： francesca Paola Nocera Chiara Papulino Chiara Del Prete Veronica Palumbo maria Pia Pasolini Luisa De Martino Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples'FedericoⅡ'NaplesItaly

Infectious endometritis is one of the main causes of subfertility/infertility in the mare. In this report, we present the first case of endometritis in mare associated with a strain of Enterococcus casseliflavus, an unusual gram-positive bacterium which can also be a zoonotic agent. Furthermore, the isolated strain showed a worrying multidrug-resistant profile. The accurate finding of a successful antimicrobial treatment and consequently,the pregnancy diagnosis indicate the importance to isolate, identify and define the antibiotic resistance profile of bacteria associated with endometritis.

关键词： Endometritis Enterococcus casseliflavus Mares Subfertility

Analysis of hepatitis B virus preS1 variability and prevalence of the rs2296651 polymorphism in a Spanish population

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第6期24卷 680-692页

作者： Rosario Casillas David Tabernero Josep Gregori Irene Belmonte maria francesca Cortese Carolina González Mar Riveiro-Barciela Rosa maria López Josep Quer Rafael Esteban maria Buti Francisco Rodríguez-Frías Liver Pathology Unit Departments of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyHospital Universitari Vall d’HebronUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain Liver Unit Liver Disease Laboratory-Viral HepatitisVall d’Hebron Institut Recerca-Hospital Universitari Vall d’HebronUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas(CIBERehd) Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid 28029Spain Roche Diagnostics SL Sant Cugat del Vallès 08174Spain Liver Unit Department of Internal MedicineHospital Universitari Vall d'HebronUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain

AIM To determine the variability/conservation of the domain of hepatitis B virus(HBV) pre S1 region that interacts with sodium-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide(hereafter, NTCP-interacting domain) and the prevalence of the rs2296651 polymorphism(S267 F, NTCP variant) in a Spanish population. METHODS Serum samples from 246 individuals were included and divided into 3 groups: patients with chronic HBV infection(CHB)(n = 41, 73% Caucasians), patients with resolved HBV infection(n = 100, 100% Caucasians) and an HBV-uninfected control group(n = 105, 100% Caucasians). Variability/conservation of the amino acid(aa) sequences of the NTCPinteracting domain,(aa 2-48 in viral genotype D) and a highly conserved pre S1 domain associated with virion morphogenesis(aa 92-103 in viral genotype D) were analyzed by next-generation sequencing and compared in 18 CHB patients with viremia > 4 log IU/mL. The rs2296651 polymorphism was determined in all individuals in all 3 groups using an in-house real-time PCR melting curve *** The HBV pre S1 NTCP-interacting domain showed a high degree of conservation among the examined viral genomes especially between aa 9 and 21(in the genotype D consensus sequence). As compared with the virion morphogenesis domain, the NTCPinteracting domain had a smaller proportion of HBV genotype-unrelated changes comprising > 1% of the quasispecies(25.5% vs 31.8%), but a larger proportion of genotype-associated viral polymorphisms(34% vs 27.3%), according to consensus sequences from Gen Bank patterns of HBV genotypes A to H. Variation/conservation in both domains depended on viral genotype, with genotype C being the most highly conserved and genotype E the most variable(limited finding, only 2 genotype E included). Of note, proline residues were highly conserved in both domains, and serine residues showed changes only to threonine or tyrosine in the virion morphogenesis domain. The rs2296651 polymorphism was not detected in any ***

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis B virus preS1 region sodium-taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide NTCP-interacting domain virion morphogenesis domain SNP rs2296651 next-generation sequencing real-time PCR melting curves

Multivalent interacting glycodendrimer to prevent amyloid-peptide fibril formation induced by Cu（II）： A multidisciplinary approach

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Nano Research 2018年第3期11卷 1204-1226页

作者： Anna Janaszewska Barbara Klajnert-Maculewicz Monika MarcinkowskaI Piotr Duchnowicz Dietmar Appelhans Gianvito Grasso Marco A. Deriu Andrea Danani Michela Cangiotti maria francesca Ottaviani Department of General Biophysics Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection University of Lodz 90-236 Lodz Poland Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution Faculty of Biology and Environ mental Protection University of Lodz 90-236 Lodz Poland Department Bioactive and Responsive Polymers Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research 01069 Dresden Germany SUPSI-DTI IDSIA- Dalle Molle Institute forArtificial Intelligence CH-6928 Manno Switzerland Department of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Urbino 61029 Urbino Italy

Amyloid peptide fibrillogenesis induced by Cu（II） ions is a key event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer＇s disease. Dendrimers have been found to be active in preventing fibril formation. Therefore, they hold promise for the treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease. In this study, the fibrillation mechanism of amyloid peptide Aβ 1-40 was studied by adding Cu（II） in the absence and presence of 4th generation poly（propyleneimine） glycodendrimer functionalized with sulfate groups, using dynamic light scattering （DLS）, circular dichroism （CD）, fluorescence, electron paramagnetic resonance （EPR） and molecular modeling （MD）. The glycodendrimer was non-toxic to mHippoE-18 embryonic mouse hippocampal cells, selected as a nerve cell model and decreased the toxicity of peptide aggregates formed after the addition of Cu（II）. The binary systems of Cu（II）-glycodendrimer, Cu（II）-peptide, and glycodendrimer-peptide were first characterized. At the lowest Cu（II）/glycodendrimer molar ratios, Cu（II） was complexed by the internal-dendrimer nitrogen sites. After saturation of these sites, Cu（II） binding with sulfate groups occurred. Stable Cu（II）-peptide complexes formed within 5 min and were responsible for a transition from an α helix to a β-sheet conformation of Aβ 1-40. Glycodendrimer-peptide interactions provoked the stabilization of the a-helix, as demonstrated in the absence of Cu（II） by the Thioflavin T assay, and in the presence of Cu（II） by CD, EPR, and MD. Formation of fibrils is differentially modulated by glycodendrimer and Cu（II） concentrations for a fixed amount of Aβ 1-40. Therefore, this multidisciplinary study facilitated the recognition of optimal experimental conditions that allow the glycodendrimer to avoid the fibril formation induced by Cu（II）.

关键词： glycodendrimers amyloid peptide Cu(II) circular dichroism (CD) electron paramagneticresonance (EPR) molecular modeling

Broadband Optical Active Waveguides Written by Femtosecond Laser Pulses in Lithium Fluoride

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Chinese Physics Letters 2014年第1期31卷 72-75页

作者： Ismael Chiamenti francesca Bonfigli Anderson S. L. Gomes Rosa maria Montereali Larissa N. da Costa Hypolito J. Kalinowski Federal University of Technology- Parang 80230-901 Curitiba Brazil ENEA C. R. Frascati Photonics Micro and Nanostructures Laboratory UTAPRAD-MNF V. E. Fermi 45 00044 Frascati (Rome) Italy Department of Physics Universidade Federai de Pernambuco necife Brazil

Broadband waveguiding through light-emitting strips directly written in a blank lithium fluoride crystal with a femtosecond laser is reported. Light guiding was observed at several optical wavelengths, from blue, 458 nm, to near-infrared, at 155nm. Visible photoluminescence spectra of the optically active F2 and F33 color centers produced by the fs laser writing process were measured. The wavelength-dependent refractive index increase was estimated to be in the order of 10-3-10-4 in the visible and near-infrared spectral intervals, which is consistent with the stable formation of point defects in LiF.

关键词： Fluorine compounds

Obese zebrafish: A small fish for a major human health condition

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2018年第4期1卷 255-265页

作者： francesca Faillaci Fabiola Milosa Rosina maria Critelli Elena Turola Filippo Schepis Erica Villa Department of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology Unit University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Women in Hepatology Group National Institute of Gastroenterology "S.de Bellis" Research Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Endocrinology UnitAOU of Parma

Obesity is becoming a silent worldwide epidemic, with a steady increase in both adults and children. To date, even though several drugs have been licensed for long-term obesity treatment, none of them are yet used in routine clinical practice. So far the only successful intervention has been behavioral therapy. A suitable and economic experimental model mimicking the human condition would therefore be extremely useful to evaluate preventive measures and novel treatments. Zebrafish are emerging as an important model system to study obesity and related metabolic disease. Remarkable similarities have been reported in lipid metabolism and the adipogenic pathway between zebrafish and mammals. Moreover, the zebrafish possesses a number of features—the relative inexpensiveness of animal husbandry, its optical transparency and the ability to produce a large number of offspring at low cost—that make it ideal for large-scale screening and for testing drugs and intervention. In this review, we summarize recent progress in using zebrafish as a model system to study obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders. We describe several zebrafish models(in both larvae and adult animals) that develop obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) using different approaches, including gene manipulation, diet manipulation and modification of microbiota composition. For these models, we have outlined the specific aspects related to obesity and its development and we have summarized their advantages and limitations.

关键词： inflammation metabolic diseases NAFLD obesity zebrafish

Future of liver disease in the era of direct acting antivirals for the treatment of hepatitis C

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第7期9卷 352-367页

作者： francesca Romana Ponziani francesca Mangiola Cecilia Binda maria Assunta Zocco Massimo Siciliano Antonio Grieco Gian Lodovico Rapaccini Maurizio Pompili Antonio Gasbarrini Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and HepatologyCatholic University Sacred Heart of RomeAgostino Gemelli Hospital Gastroenterology Catholic University Sacred Heart of RomeComplesso Integrato Columbus

Hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection has been a global health problem for decades, due to the high number of infected people and to the lack of effective and welltolerated therapies. In the last 3 years, the approval of new direct acting antivirals characterized by high rates of virological clearance and excellent tolerability has dramatically improved HCV infection curability, especially for patients with advanced liver disease and for liver transplant recipients. Long-term data about the impact of the new direct acting antivirals on liver fibrosis and liver disease-related outcomes are not yet available, due to their recent introduction. However, previously published data deriving from the use of pegylatedinterferon and ribavirin lead to hypothesizing that we are going to observe, in the future, a reduction in mortality and in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as a regression of fibrosis for people previously affected by hepatitis C. In the liver transplant setting, clinical improvement has already been described after treatment with the new direct acting antivirals, which has often led to patients delisting. In the future, this may hopefully reduce the gap between liver organ request and availability, probably expanding liver transplant indications to other clinical conditions. Therefore, these new drugs are going to change the natural history of HCV-related liver disease and the epidemiology of HCV infection worldwide. However, the global consequences will depend on treatment accessibility and on the number of countries that could afford the use of the new direct acting antivirals.

关键词： Direct acting antivirals Hepatitis C Liver transplantation Liver fibrosis Cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma

Viral blips during long-term treatment with standard or double dose lamivudine in HBe antigen negative chronic hepatitis B

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第42期13卷 5642-5647页

作者： Gianfranca Stornaiuolo maria Stanzione Giuseppina Brancaccio Gianluca Cuomo Vincenza Precone Sebastiano Di Biase francesca M Felaco Felice Piccinino Giovanni B Gaeta Viral Hepatitis Unit Department of Infectious Diseases Second University Naples Italy Infectious Disease Unit Department of Infectious Diseases Second University Naples Italy Merigen Laboratory of Molecular Biology Naples Italy

AIM:To evaluate safety and effect on hepatitis B virus(HBV)suppression of a long-term treatment with lamivudine(LAM)at standard(100 mg/d)or double(200 mg/d)dose in chronic hepatitis ***:This was a case study with matched controls(1:3)in patients with chronic hepatitis B with anti-HBe ***:Twelve patients received LAM 200 mg/d and 35 LAM 100 mg/d,for a median of 28 mo.A primary response(PR;*** HBV-DNA with Amplicor assay)was achieved in 100% of LAM-200 patients and 83% of LAM-100 patients.A virological breakthrough occurred in 16.7 and 24.7%,respectively,of the PR-patients,with the appearance of typical LAM resistance mutations in all but one *** blips(*** HBV-DNA below 80 IU/mL in patients who tested negative at Amplicor assay)were detected using a real time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and occurred in seven out of nine patients with subsequent BT and in four out of 32 patients with end-of-study response(77.7% vs 12.5%;P = 0.001)at chi-square test).At the end of the study,51.4% of LAM-100 patients and 83.3% of LAM-200 patients had remained stably HBV-DNA ***-dose LAM was well ***:Long-term treatment of anti-HBe positive chronic hepatitis B with double dose lamivudine causes a more profound and stable viral suppression ascompared to conventional treatment.

关键词： Lamivudine Hepatitis B Chronic Hepatitis Polymerase chain reaction

Evidences on adaptive mechanisms for cardiorespiratory diseases regarding extreme temperatures and air pollution:A comparative systematic review

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Geography and Sustainability 2021年第3期2卷 182-194页

作者： Helena Madureira maria Pacheco Carlos Sousa Ana Monteiro francesca De’-Donato Manuela De-Sario Department of Geography University of PortoCEGOTPorto 4150-564Portugal Faculty of Arts and Humanities University of PortoPorto 4150-564Portugal Department of Geography University of PortoCEGOTCITTAPorto 4150-564Portugal Department of Epidemiology Lazio Regional Health ServiceRome 00147Italy

The negative cardiorespiratory health outcomes due to extreme temperatures and air pollution are widely stud-ied,but knowledge about the effectiveness of the implementation of adaptive mechanisms remains *** objective of this paper is to explore the evidence of adaptive mechanisms for cardiorespiratory diseases regard-ing extreme temperatures and air pollution by comparing the results of two systematic literature review(SLR)processes sharing the same initial research question but led by two research groups with different academic back-grounds working in the same multidisciplinary *** start by presenting the methodological procedures and the results of the SLR triggered by the research group mainly composed by researchers with a background in ge-ography(named geographical strategy).We then compare these results with those achieved in the SLR led by the research group with a background in epidemiology(named epidemiological strategy).Both SLR were developed under the EU Horizon 2020 Project“EXHAUSTION”.The results showed:1)the lack of evidence regarding the effectiveness of adaptation measures,namely due to the limited number of studies about the topic,the prepon-derance of studies dedicated to heat extremes or the unbalance between different adaptation measures;2)that the choice of search terms in the geographical strategy,despite being more comprehensive at first sight,ended up retrieving less results,but it brought new studies that can complement the results of the epidemiological ***,it is suggested that to strengthen the empirical evidence of the effectiveness of adaptation measures,powerful multidisciplinary teams should work together in the preparation of SLR in topics of great complexity,such as the one presented in this paper.

关键词： Cardiopulmonary diseases Extreme temperatures Air pollution Adaptation Planning Systematic literature review(SLR)