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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第7期16卷 674-675页

作者： Roman Volchenkov Jason Matthews Manuela Zucknick bjørn S.Skålhegg Department of Nutrition Institute of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)severity has been linked to the combination of the HLA-DRB1 amino acid sequence motif called“shared epitope”(SE)and cigarette smoking(CS).1 Animal studies support the association of DRB1 alleles and CS with arthritis susceptibility2,3 and highlight the involvement of IL-17-producing T helper 17(Th17)cells in arthritis through the activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AhR).We have previously reported4 with a limited group of donors that cigarette smoke extract(CSE)treatment of Th17 cells leads to reduced cytokine production and prevents normal differentiation of human Th17 *** into consideration the known association between smoking and genotype in RA,we performed a pilot study in which we enrolled healthy individuals who reported themselves as active smokers(supplementary table 1)and evaluated possible associations between smoking status,genetic background and Th17 cell reactivity to CSE.

关键词： reactivity susceptibility smoke

Synthesis of Ta C and Ta_2C from tantalum and graphite in the laser-heated diamond anvil cell

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第36期59卷 5283-5289页

作者： Lkhamsuren Bayarjargal bjrn Winkler Alexandra Friedrich Erick A.Juarez-Arellano Institut fr Geowissenschaften Universitt FrankfurtAltenh ferallee 1 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany Universidad del Papaloapan Circuito Central 200 Parque Industrial 68301 Tuxtepec Mexico

The pressure dependence of the onset of the formation of Ta C and Ta2 C from the elements has been investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction and *** C has been synthesized by the reaction of Ta and graphite at pressures between 8.6 and 14.3 GPa and at temperatures up to 2,300 K using a laser-heated diamond anvil cell. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction. Ta and graphite begin to react around 1,100 K at ambient pressure conditions, and the reaction temperature increases with increasing pressure. A linear extrapolation of these data is consistent with recent observations of the formation of Ta C at 90 GPa and 3,600 K. We show that diffusion of carbon into tantalum significantly changes the lattice parameter of up to 2 % in the pressure range of up to19 GPa. In some experiments, Ta2 C was formed concomitantly. The experimentally determined bulk modulus of Ta2 C is B0;exp:= 286(5) GPa. Other tantalum carbide phases were not observed.

关键词：细胞合成激光加热碳化钽金刚石石墨原位X射线衍射压力依赖性反应温度

Lights and shadows in the evolutionary patterns of insular bovids

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第2期9卷 213-228页

作者： Roberto ROZZI maria Rita PALOMBO Department of Earth Sciences SapienzaUniversity of RomeRomeItaly Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria(DNR-IGAG) RomeItaly

Endemic bovids are intriguing elements of insular *** living species include the Japanese serow(Cap-ricornis crispus)and the Formosan serow(***),the tamaraw from Mindoro,Philippines,(Bubalus min-dorensis)and the anoas(*** and ***),2 species of dwarf buffalos endemic to Sulawesi,*** endemic bovids are only recorded in some Asian,North American and Western Mediterranean *** we present a comprehensive overview of the changes in body size and evolutionary patterns ex-hibited by both extant and extinct insular *** appraisal indicates that each insular representative of Bo-vidae shows its own peculiar evolutionary model,albeit some parallel trends exist(*** in body size,allometric changes in limb bones,alteration of the life history traits).Some changes in morphology(*** simplification of horn cores,the increase in hypsodonty,the acquisition of a‘low-gear’locomotion),for in-stance,appear as common,albeit not general,patterns triggered by a combination of selective *** size patterns support the‘generality of the island rule’and suggest that biotic interaction had/have a major role in in-fluencing body size evolution in these species,although in different ways on different *** things consid-ered,available evidence suggest that a major role in the evolution of insular bovids is played by the structure of the insular community,the nature of available niches and by the dynamics of ecological interactions.

关键词： evolutionary island shadow

Hard carbon derived from rice husk as low cost negative electrodes in Na-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第2期28卷 17-22页

作者： maria K.Rybarczyk Yunming Li Mo Qiao Yong-Sheng Hu maria-Magdalena Titirici Marek Lieder Gdansk University of Technology Chemical Faculty Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and DevicesNational Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Queen Mary University London School of Materials Science & Engineering

Here,we report the synthesis of hard carbon materials(RH) made from natural rice husk through a single pyrolysis process and their application as an anode in sodium-ion *** studies show that the electrochemical properties of RHs are affected by the treatment temperatures,which determine the materials morphology,in particular,their degree of graphitization and extent of continuous channels(nanovoids).The latter are accessible to sodium ions and significantly contribute to charge storage capacity of the produced *** RHs obtained at 1600 °C deliver the highest reversible capacity of276 mAh g^(-1) mainly due to insertion of sodium ions into the *** work deepens the basic understanding of the influence of the carbonization temperature on the sodium storage mechanism.

关键词： Nanovoids in rice husk Sustainable energy storage Na-ion batteries

Safety and efficacy of Profermin~to induce remission in ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第15期18卷 1773-1780页

作者： Aleksander Krag Hans Israelsen bjrn von Ryberg Klaus K Andersen Flemming Bendtsen Gastrounit Medical Devision 360Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Faculty of Health Sciences Copenhagen UniversityDK-2650 HvidovreDenmark Nordisk Rebalance A/S M.D.Madsensvej 14-16DK-3450 AllerdDenmark Statistics Section Informatics and Mathematical ModellingTechnical University of DenmarkDK-2800 LyngbyDenmark

AIM:To test the efficacy and safety of Profermin in inducing remission in patients with active ulcerative colitis(UC).METHODS:The study included 39 patients with mild to moderate UC defined as a Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index(SCCAI)>4 and<12(median:7.5),who were treated open-label with Profermintwice daily for 24 *** SCCAI was reported observer blinded via the ***:In an intention to treat(ITT)analysis,the mean reduction in SCCAI score was 56.5%.Of the 39 patients,24(62%)reached the primary endpoint,which was proportion of patients with≥50%reduction in *** secondary endpoint,the proportion of patients in remission defined as SCCAI≤2.5,was in ITT analysis reached in 18 of the 39 patients(46%).In a repeated-measure regression analysis,the estimated mean reduction in score was 5.0 points(95%CI:4.1-5.9,P<0.001)and the estimated mean time taken to obtain half the reduction in score was 28 d(95%CI:26-30).There were no serious adverse events(AEs)or withdrawals due to *** was generally well ***:Profermin is safe and may be effective in inducing remission of active UC.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Diet Probiotic Profermin Inflammatory bowel disease Dietary management Medical foods

Skeletal microstructures of cheilostome bryozoans(phylum Bryozoa,class Gymnolaemata):crystallography and secretion patterns

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第3期6卷 405-424页

作者： Christian Grenier Erika Griesshaber Wolfgang Schmahl björn Berning Antonio G.Checa Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología Universidad de Granada18071 GranadaSpain Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de La Tierra CSIC-Universidad de Granada18100 ArmillaSpain Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Ludwig-Maximilians Universität80333 MunichGermany Institute for Geology University of Hamburg20146 HamburgGermany

Gymnolaemata bryozoans produce CaCO3 skeletons of either calcite,aragonite,or *** extensive research,their crystallography and biomineralization patterns remain *** present a detailed study of the microstructures,min-eralogy,and crystallography of eight extant cheilostome species using scanning electron microscopy,electron backscatter diffraction,atomic force microscopy,and micro-computed *** distinguished five basic microstructures,three calcitic(tabular,irregularly platy,and granular),and two aragonitic(granular-platy and fibrous).The calcitic microstruc-tures consist of crystal aggregates that transition from tabular or irregularly platy to granular *** aragonite consists of fibers arranged into *** all cases,the crystallographic textures are axial,and stronger in aragonite than in calcite,with the c-axis as the fiber *** reconstruct the biomineralization sequence in the different species by considering the distribution and morphology of the growth fronts of crystals and the location of the secretory *** bimineralic species,calcite formation always predates aragonite *** interior compound walls,growth proceeds from the cuticle toward the zooecium *** conclude that,with the exception of tabular calcite,biomineralization is remote and occurs within a relatively wide extrapallial space,which is consistent with the inorganic-like appearance of the *** biomineralization mode is rare among invertebrates.

关键词： Biomineralization Bryozoan Skeleton Calcite Aragonite Electron backscatter diffraction

Synthesis, Characterization and Thermophysical Properties of Three Neoteric Solvents-Ionic Liquids Based on Choline Chloride

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2014年第1期30卷 119-124页

作者： POPESCU Ana-maria CONSTANTIN Virgil Laboratory of Molten Salts llie Murgulescu Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy Bucharest 006021 Romania

The authors prepared,characterized and preliminary studied the properties of some neoteric solvents-ionic liquids based on choline chloride,i.e.,three ionic liquids based on the eutectics of choline chloride（2-hydroxyN,N,N-trimethylethanaminium chloride） with,respectively,urea,malonic acid and citric *** obtained mixtures were clear and colorless ionic liquids at room *** thermophysical properties,namely,density,viscosity,and electrical conductivity of these mixtures were investigated as a function of temperature within a range of 298-353 *** for the temperature dependence of the measured properties were generated and discussed in terms of Arrhenius *** the electrochemical windows of the eutectic liquids were determined.

关键词： Neoteric solvent Ionic liquid Choline chloride Malonic acid Citric acid Density Viscosity Conductivity

Iron overload and immunity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第35期13卷 4707-4715页

作者： Graca Porto maria De Sousa ICBAS Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical SciencesPortoIBMCInstitute of Molecular and Cellular BiologyPortoPortugal HGSASanto António General HospitalPorto 823 4150Portugal ICBAS Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical SciencesPortoIBMCInstitute of Molecular and Cellular BiologyPortoPortugal

Progress in the characterization of genes involved in the control of iron homeostasis in humans and in mice has improved the definition of iron overload and of the cells affected by it. The cell involved in iron overload with the greatest effect on immunity is the macrophage. Intriguing evidence has emerged, however, in the last 12 years indicating that parenchymal iron overload is linked to genes classically associated with the immune system. This review offers an update of the genes and proteins relevant to iron metabolism expressed in cells of the innate immune system, and addresses the question of how this system is affected in clinical situations of iron overload. The relationship between iron and the major cells of adaptive immunity, the T lymphocytes, will also be reviewed. Most studies addressing this last question in humans were performed in the clinical model of Hereditary Hemochromatosis. Data will also be reviewed demonstrating howthe disruption of molecules essentially involved in adaptive immune responses result in the spontaneous development of iron overload and how they act as modifiers of iron overload.

关键词： Iron Iron overload Innate immunity Adaptive immunity

Large-area Analysis of Soil Erosion and Landslides Induced by Rainfall: A Case of Unsaturated Shallow Deposits

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第4期12卷 783-796页

作者： CUOMO Sabatino DELLA SALA maria Department of Civil Engineering University of Salerno

Unsaturated shallow soil deposits may be affected by either superficial soil erosion or shallow landslides in adjacent or overlapping source areas and in different seasons when a different soil suction *** triggering analysis of both these processes is a relevant issue for the hazard analysis while the literature mostly provides specific approaches for erosion or for *** paper proposes a largearea analysis for a case study of Southern Italy,consisting of unsaturated shallow deposits of loose pyroclastic(air-fall) volcanic soils that have been repeatedly affected by erosion and landslides in special *** a past catastrophic event, the simulated source areas of shallow landslides are smaller than those observed in the field while the simulated eroded areas with thickness greater than 5cm are comparable with the in-situ evidences, if the analysis takes into account high rainfall intensity and a spatially variable soil cover *** in general, the results of the paper are consistent with the previous literature and also provide a methodological contribution about the application of distinct tools over large *** added value is that the paper shows how the combination of distinct large-area analyses may help with understanding the dominant slope instability *** once this goal is fully achieved, can specific physically-based analyses be confidently performed at detailed scales and for smaller specific areas.

关键词： Soil Erosion Landslide Soil Suction Slope instability mechanism Modelling

On Pattern Selection in Three-Dimensional Benard-Marangoni Flows

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Communications in Computational Physics 2012年第3期11卷 893-924页

作者： Arne Morten Kvarving Tormod bjøntegaard Einar M.Rønquist Department of Mathematical Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)Norway

In this paper we study B´enard-Marangoni convection in confined containers where a thin fluid layer is heated from *** consider containers with circular,square and hexagonal *** Marangoni numbers close to the critical Marangoni number,the flow patterns are dominated by the appearance of the wellknown hexagonal convection *** main purpose of this computational study is to explore the possible patterns the systemmay end up in for a given set of *** a series of numerical experiments,the coupled fluid-thermal system is started with a zero initial condition for the velocity and a random initial condition for the *** a given set of parameters we demonstrate that the system can end up in more than one *** example,the final state of the system may be dominated by a steady convection pattern with a fixed number of cells,however,the same system may occasionally end up in a steady pattern involving a slightly different number of cells,or it may end up in a state where most of the cells are stationary,while one or more cells end up in an oscillatory *** larger aspect ratio containers,we are also able to reproduce dislocations in the convection pattern,which have also been observed *** has been conjectured that such imperfections(e.g.,a localized star-like pattern)are due to small irregularities in the experimental setup(e.g.,the geometry of the container).However,we show,through controlled numerical experiments,that such phenomena may appear under otherwise ideal *** repeating the numerical experiments for the same non-dimensional numbers,using a different random initial condition for the temperature in each case,we are able to get an indication of how rare such events ***,we study the effect of symmetrizing the initial ***,we study the effect of selected geometry deformations on the resulting convection patterns.

关键词： B´enard-Marangoni spectral elements pattern formation