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Health 2015年第7期7卷 819-823页

作者： maria anna coniglio Legionella Reference Laboratory Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia” University of Catania Catania Italy

Within the biofilm and scales Legionella is less far susceptible to the effects of the most frequently used biocides. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a 4-months continuous injection of a gas mixture (CO2 and inert gas) in the hot water distribution system of a large hotel colonized by L. pneumophila sg3 on limiting biofilm formation and scales and in turn Legionella growth. Before the continuous injection of the gas mixture, out of the 15 sampling points examined every month 60% were colonized by Legionella (mean concentrations of 102 cfu/L in the boilers and the return loop, and 104 cfu/L in taps and showers). One week after the injection of the gas mixture and daily fluxing of the distal outlets, the level of colonization decreased (3 cfu/L). When it was decided to flux all the distal outlets only 1 day per week the mean concentration of Legionella increased again (>104 cfu/L) in all the sampling points. Thus, cleaning of the boilers was performed and distal outlets were again fluxed daily. One week after the level of contamination decreased again (2 cfu/L). Nonetheless, the colonization was not eliminated and when fluxing of the distal outlets was not performed every day the mean concentrations of Legionella raised up to >104 cfu/L. Results indicate that the gas mixture was able to reduce the level of colonization by Legionella only because associated to the fluxing of the distal outlets.

关键词： Legionella Gas Mixture Fluxing Water Distribution Systems

Monochloramine for Remediation of LegionellaOnly in Domestic Hot Water Systems: An Iron Fist in a Velvet Glove

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2015年第3期5卷 143-150页

作者： Stefano Melada maria anna coniglio Sanipur US LLC Conshohocken PA USA Legionella Reference Laboratory Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia” University of Catania Catania Italy

Monochloramine is a well-known disinfectant for drinking water with several advantages over chlorine and chlorine dioxide. With these two biocides, monochloramine is included in the US-EPA list of disinfectants for drinking water. At the beginning of XXI century, epidemiological studies demonstrated its superior ability to control Legionella in hot water health-care premises. In 2005 a research program started to set up a reliable and effective method to produce monochloramine directly in domestic hot water systems, at the safest concentration and without accumulation of by-products. Results of these researches, which has been carried out with the collaboration of Italian and American Institutions showed that monochloramine can be safely and reliably prepared and that it is the best approach to Legionella remediation in health-care facilities.

关键词： Monochloramine Legionella Legionellosis Domestic Hot Waters Prevention

Continuous Disinfection by Monochloramine on Domestic Hot Water System of Health-care Facilities for the Control of Legionella Contamination in Italy

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Journal of Health Science 2015年第1期3卷 11-17页

作者： maria anna coniglio Nunzia Andolfi Giuseppina Faro maria Beatrice Pellegrino Angela Sgalambro Giuseppe D'Aquila Alfio Spina Stefano Melada Legionella Reference Laboratory Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. lngrassia"University of Catania Catania 95123 Italy Public Health Laboratory LSP ASP& Siracusa Italy Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia " University of Catania Catania 95123 Italy Hospital 'Umberto I' ASP8 Siracusa 96100 Italy Hospital 'Nuovo Ospedale di Lentini ' ASP 8 Lentini (Siracusa) Italy Sanipur srl Flero (BS) 25020 Italy

Psychiatric Variables in Cytomegalovirusor Toxoplasma gondii—Infected Pregnants: Prospects for Cure with a Program of “Counseling about Behavioral Change”

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2015年第7期5卷 315-320页

作者： Concetta De Pasquale maria anna coniglio maria Luisa Pistorio Nunzio Massimo Scalisi Federica Scalia Carmela maria Costanzo Marina Marranzano Guido Scalia Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia” University of Catania Catania Italy Vascular Surgery and Organ Transplant Unit Department of Surgery Transplantation and Advanced technologies University Hospital of Catania Catania Italy Clinical Virology Unit Department of Biomedical Sciences University Hospital of Catania Catania Italy

TORCH complex, one of the potential infections that may occur during pregnancy, may contribute also to prenatal pregnant women’s anxiety and depression. The aim of this study was to explore the presence of psychiatric symptoms, in relation with infection of TORCH agents, specifically the Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) and Cytomegalovirus (CMV). The study was conducted on 58 pregnant women recruited from the Clinical Virology Unit, A.O.U. Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, P.O. “Gaspare Rodolico”, from September 2012 to March 2014. Psychiatric symptoms were evaluated through the Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90 R) in pregnant women with CMV or T. gondii infection. Moreover, pregnant women were invited to participate in a program of “Counseling about behavioral change”, an effective psychotherapeutic training for the development of new motivational strategies to the infection acceptance, the greater self-confidence and greater adherence to treatment. The age of the subjects was positively correlated with Depression (r = 0.119, p ? 0.178, p ? 0.231, r = ? 0.320, p ? 0.208, p ? 0.105, p ? 0.236, p < 0.05). Finally, we can notice an improvement of the variables Anxiety and Somatization in the whole sample after the attendance at the counseling psychotherapic program. Our study suggests the presence of anxiety and somatization in pregnant women with infection, expression of a phase of emotional fragility with the concern of transmitting a serious disease in the unborn child. The program “Counseling about behavioral change” allowed us to create an atmosphere of trust and to understand the usefulness of “empathic listening”. Giving correct and accurate information about the disease reassures the patient and prevents the realization of negative thoughts and further concern and discomfort.

关键词： Pregnancy Psychiatric Symptoms Somatization Toxoplasma gondii Cytomegalovirus