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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2016年第2期13卷 157-170页

作者： mari Mino-Kenudson Department of Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School

Blockade of immune checkpoints has recently emerged as a novel therapeutic strategy in various tumors. In particular,monoclonal antibodies targeting programmed cell death 1(PD-1) or its ligand(PD-L1) have been most studied in lung cancer,and PD-1 inhibitors are now established agents in the management of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). The reports on highprofile clinical trials have shown the association of PD-L1 expression by immunohistochemistry(IHC) with higher overall response rates to the PD-1/PD-L1 axis blockade suggesting that PD-L1 expression may serve as a predictive marker. Unfortunately,however, each PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitor is coupled with a specific PD-L1 antibody, IHC protocol and scoring system for the biomarker assessment, making the head-to-head comparison of the studies difficult. Similarly, multiple clinical series that correlated PD-L1 expression with clinicopathologic and/or molecular variables and/or survival have reported conflicting *** discrepancy could be explained by the differences in ethnicity and/or histologic types included in the studies, but it appears to be attributed in part to the differences in PD-L1 IHC methods. Thus, orchestrated efforts to standardize the PD-L1 IHC are warranted to establish the IHC as a predictive and/or prognostic biomarker in NSCLC.

关键词： PD-L1 PD- 1 immunohistochemistry predictive biomarker

Heterogeneous tunable Ⅲ-Ⅴ-on-silicon-nitride mode-locked laser emitting wide optical spectra

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 I0021-I0027页

作者： MAXIMILIEN BILLET STIJN CUYVERS STIJN POELMAN ARTUR HERMANS SANDEEP SEEMA SASEENDRA TASUKU NAKAMURA SHINYA okamoto YASUHISA INADA KAZUYA HISADA TAKU HIRASAWA JOAN RAMIREZ DELPHINE NÉEL NICOLAS VAISSIÈRE JEAN DECOBERT PHILIPPE SOUSSAN XAVIER ROTTENBERG GUNTHER ROELKENS JONØ.KJELLMAN BART KUYKEN Photonics Research Group Department of Information TechnologyGhent University-imec9052 GhentBelgium imec 3001 LeuvenBelgium Technology Division Panasonic Holdings CorporationMoriguchi-CityOsakaJapan Ⅲ-Ⅴ Lab F91767 PalaiseauFrance

We demonstrate a Ⅲ-Ⅴ-on-silicon-nitride mode-locked laser through the heterogeneous integration of a semiconductor optical amplifier on a passive silicon-nitride cavity using the technique of micro-transfer printing. In the initial phase of our study, we focus on optimizing the lasing wavelength to be centered at 1550 nm. This optimization is achieved by conducting experiments with 27 mode-locked lasers, each incorporating optical amplifiers featuring distinct multiple-quantum-well photoluminescence values. Subsequently we present a comprehensive study investigating the behavior of the mode-locking regime when the electrical driving parameters are varied. Specifically, we explore the impact of the gain voltage and saturable absorber current on the locking stability of a tunable mode-locked laser. By manipulating these parameters, we demonstrate the precise control of the optical spectrum across a wide range of wavelengths spanning from 1530 to 1580 nm. Furthermore, we implement an optimization approach based on a Monte Carlo analysis aimed at enhancing the mode overlap within the gain region. This adjustment enables the achievement of a laser emitting a 23-nm-wide spectrum while maintaining a defined 10 dB bandwidth for a pulse repetition rate of 3 GHz.

关键词： tunable amplifier mode

Incidence and predictors of hypocalcemia in end-stage renal disease patients on denosumab therapy: A systematic review and metaanalysis

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2024年第3期12卷 68-78页

作者： Abdul Hannan Siddiqui Misbah Shaikh Afia Salman Muhammad Ahmed Ali Fahim Fizzah Batool Tahreem mari Sarah Musani Muneeb Fareed Rooma Rehan Amna Hassni Urooj Nizami Ayesha Amir Abdul Moeed Salim R Surani Department of Internal Medicine Dow University of Health SciencesKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Medicine&Pharmacology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States

BACKGROUND Denosumab inhibits the receptor activator of nuclear factor *** markedly increases bone mineral density and has been proven to reduce the risk of ***,numerous adverse effects,notably hypocalcemia,are prevalent in patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD).AIM To analyze the incidence and predictors of hypocalcemia caused by denosumab compared to control in patients with *** We conducted this study in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses ***,Scopus,Cochrane Central,and EMBASE were systematically searched from inception through March *** original studies investigating the effects of denosumab on patients with ESRD compared to control were *** primary outcomes of our study were the incidence of mild,severe,and very severe *** outcomes included serum levels of intact parathyroid hormone,calcium,and *** results were pooled and analyzed using a random-effects *** Seven articles comprising 3240 patients were included in our *** treated with denosumab had a significantly increased incidence of mild hypocalcemia[risk ratio(RR):2.79;95%confidence interval(CI):0.99-7.91;P=0.05;I^(2)=37%]and of very severe hypocalcemia(RR:9.58;95%CI:1.58-57.98;P=0.01;I^(2)=49%).However,an increase in the occurrence of severe hypocalcemia was non-significant(RR:4.23;95%CI:0.47-38.34;P=0.20;I^(2)=96%).Alternatively,denosumab showed a significant decrease in serum intact parathyroid hormone[mean difference(MD):-433.20,95%CI:-775.12 to-91.28,I2=98%,P=0.01],while there was a non-significant decrease in phosphate(MD:-0.47,95%CI:-1.35 to 0.41,I^(2)=88%,P=0.30)and calcium levels(MD:-0.33,95%CI:-0.95 to 0.29,I^(2)=94%,P=0.29).CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that denosumab is significantly associated with mild and very severe hypocalcemia in patients with ESRD making it necessary to detect and prevent this side effect of treatmen

关键词： Denosumab End-stage renal disease Hypocalcemia Parathyroid hormone Dialysis

Comparison of Public Health Nurse’s Lifestyle Counseling Skills for Clients with Different Readiness of Behavior Changes in Primary Care Settings

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Health 2017年第6期9卷 921-929页

作者： Keiko Koide Reiko okamoto mari Okada Faculty of Education Shitennoji University Osaka Japan Division of Health Sciences Graduate School of Medicine Osaka University Osaka Japan Faculty of Health and Welfare Prefectural University of Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan

Purpose: Public health nurses (PHNs) are required to assess the readiness of the clients and provide lifestyle counseling accordingly. The purpose of this study was to compare the lifestyle counseling provided for clients with different levels of readiness based on self-evaluations and independent assessment. Methods: Participants were PHNs with 10 years’ experience or less. Lifestyle counseling skills were measured through a simulated counseling session in a primary setting lasting up to 30 minutes, followed by a review session, where the participant provided self-evaluations, and the simulated client provided others-evaluations, of the session. The simulated clients played the role of clients at either the pre-contemplation or contemplation stage of preparedness as per the stages of behavior change theory. Results: The self-evaluation results showed that the mean scores for five of the six skill categories, are lower in the precontemplation-stage client cases than in the contemplation-stage client cases, and significantly so for two skill categories. The others-evaluations showed significantly lower mean scores for all skill categories in the precontemplation cases than in the contemplation cases. Conclusion: The PHNs and simulated clients agreed that lifestyle counseling skills were inadequate for the precontemplation cases, as compared with the contemplation cases. The lifestyle counseling skills of PHNs with less experience may not be well-adjusted to the readiness of the client, indicating difficulties in supporting less prepared clients.

关键词： Skills in Lifestyle Counseling Readiness of Behavior Change Public Health Nursing Lifestyle-Related Disease

Solving composite scheduling problems using the hybrid genetic algorithm

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2010年第12期11卷 953-958页

作者： Azuma okamoto Mitsumasa SUGAWARA Faculty of Software and Information Science Iwate Prefectural University

This paper dealt with composite scheduling problems which combine manufacturing scheduling problems and/or transportation routing *** scheduling models were formulated as the elements of the composite scheduling model,and the composite model was formulated composing these models with indispensable additional constraints.A hybrid genetic algorithm was developed to solve the composite scheduling *** improved representation based on random keys was developed to search permutation space.A genetic algorithm based dynamic programming approach was applied to select *** proposed technique and a previous technique are compared by three types of *** results indicate that the proposed technique is superior to the previous one.

关键词： Composite scheduling Manufacturing scheduling Transportation routing Hybrid genetic algorithm

Shock Wave Observation in Narrow Tubes for a Parametric Study on Micro Wave Rotor Design

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Journal of Thermal Science 2008年第2期17卷 134-140页

作者： Koji okamoto Mikiya Araki Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics University of Tokyo Department of Mechanical Engineering Gunma University

Wave rotor is expected to improve the performance of micro gas turbines drastically. In the wave rotor design, the rotor speed is determined principally by the tube length. Therefore, a longer tube is preferable for miniaturized wave rotors to avoid the difficulty in bearings and lubrication system, while it may yield thicker wall boundary layer, shock wave dissipation and so on. In the present study, an experimental apparatus was built to visualize the wave rotor internal flow dynamics in a narrow tube by schlieren method and Laser Doppler Anemometry. In addi- tion, different lengths of the tube were adopted and compared to investigate the effect of wall friction. Finally, 2D numerical simulation was performed and the results were compared with those of experiments.

关键词： wave rotor shock wave unsteady flow micro propulsion flow visualization.

Large Eddy Simulation of Methane Non-premixed Flame Using the Laminar Flamelet Model

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Journal of Thermal Science 2011年第6期20卷 534-542页

作者： mari Mitani Yuta Ito Nobuhiko Yamasaki Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Kyushu University

The large eddy simulation (LES) using the steady laminar flamelet model is applied to a simple turbulent jet flame with 33.2% H2,22.1% CH4 and 44.7% N2 at the Reynolds number of 15,200 in order to validate the numerical methods and to investigate the flame *** the validation,the detailed experimental data of DLR-A flame is *** numerical results are in reasonable agreement with experimental results except mass fractions of minor *** the flow field,the break-down of the potential core,the vortex structure and the mixing intensity are well *** the combustion field,mass fractions of major species (H2O,CO2,CO) are well predicted *** species are well predicted *** the present study,the simulations conducted on the Cartesian and cylindrical grids with approximately 6.6× 10 5 nodes are compared.

关键词： Cartesian grid cylindrical grid validation calculation

Estrogens and the regulation of glucose metabolism

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第10期12卷 1622-1654页

作者： marià Alemany Faculty of Biology University of BarcelonaBarcelona 08028CataloniaSpain

The main estrogens:estradiol,estrone,and their acyl-esters have been studied essentially related to their classical estrogenic and pharmacologic ***,their main effect in the body is probably the sustained control of core energy *** nuclear and membrane receptors show an extraordinary flexibility in the modulation of metabolic responses,and largely explain gender and age differences in energy metabolism:part of these mechanisms is already sufficiently known to justify *** regard to energy,the estrogen molecular species act essentially through four key functions:(1)Facilitation of insulin secretion and control of glucose availability;(2)Modulation of energy partition,favoring the use of lipid as the main energy substrate when more available than carbohydrates;(3)Functional protection through antioxidant mechanisms;and(4)Central effects(largely through neural modulation)on whole body energy *** the different actions of estrone,estradiol and their acyl esters,a tentative classification based on structure/effects has been *** separately or as a group,estrogens provide a comprehensive explanation that not all their quite diverse actions are related solely to specific *** a group,they constitute a powerful synergic action *** consequence,estrogens may be considered wardens of energy homeostasis.

关键词： Estrogens Insulin Estrogen receptors Energy metabolism Glucose Antioxidants Metabolic syndrome

Numerical investigation into the influence of the punch shape on the mechanical behavior of pharmaceutical powders during compaction

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Particuology 2014年第5期12卷 116-131页

作者： Alexander Krok marin Peciar Roman Fekete Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringBratislavaSlovak Republic

During the production of pharmaceutical tablets using powder compaction, certain common problems can occur, such as sticking, tearing, cutting, and lamination. In the past, the compressibility of the powder was calculated only along the axis of the device; consequently, critical areas of the material throughout the volume could not be identified. Therefore, finite element method （FEM） can be used to predict these defects in conjunction with the use of an appropriate constitutive model. This article summarizes the current research in the field of powder compaction, describes the Drucker-Prager Cap model calibration procedure and its implementation in FEM, and also examines the mechanical behavior of powder during compaction. In addition, the mechanical behavior of pharmaceutical powders in relation to changes in friction at the wall of the system is examined, and the dependence of lubrication effect on the geometry of the compaction space is also investigated. The influence of friction on the compaction process for the flat-face, fiat-face radius edge, and standard convex tablets is examined while highlighting how the effects of friction change depending on the shape of these tablets.

关键词： Powder Die compaction FEM

Malignant biliary obstruction due to metastatic non-hepatopancreato-biliary cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第10期28卷 985-1008页

作者： Takeshi okamoto Department of Gastroenterology St.Luke’s International HospitalChuo-ku 104-8560TokyoJapan

Malignant biliary obstruction generally results from primary malignancies of the pancreatic head,bile duct,gallbladder,liver,and ampulla of *** lesions from other primaries to these organs or nearby lymph nodes are rarer causes of biliary *** most common primaries include renal cancer,lung cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,breast cancer,lymphoma,and *** may be difficult to differentiate from primary hepato-pancreatobiliary cancer based on imaging studies,or even on *** is also no consensus on the optimal method of treatment,including the feasibility and effectiveness of endoscopic intervention or surgery.A thorough review of the literature on pancreato-biliary metastases and malignant biliary obstruction due to metastatic non-hepato-pancreato-biliary cancer is *** diagnostic modality and clinical characteristics may differ significantly depending on the type of primary *** primaries also cause malignant biliary obstruction in different ways,including direct invasion,pancreatic or biliary metastasis,hilar lymph node metastasis,liver metastasis,and peritoneal *** may hold promise for some types of pancreato-biliary *** review aims to elucidate the current knowledge in this area,which has received sparse attention in the *** aging population,advances in diagnostic imaging,and improved treatment options may lead to an increase in these rare occurrences going forward.

关键词： Bile duct obstruction Obstructive jaundice Pancreas Metastasis Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography