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Methods of Domestic Solid Waste Management in Hohoe Urban in the Volta Region

Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2016年第5期4卷 1-11页

作者： Simon Adom Wisdom Takramah Mavis Pearl Kwabla margaret kweku School of Public Health University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana

Solid waste management has become the greatest public health problem facing many urban and semi-urban areas in Ghana. Great wealth can be generated from wastes if managed effectively but also has high probability of causing serious health and environmental problems if not effectively managed. The study sought to determine factors militating against domestic solid waste management in Hohoe, possible ways of curbing them and also to assess the methods of domestic solid waste management. This study used descriptive cross-sectional survey and structured questionnaire to obtain the required information from respondents. A total number of 403 respondents were recruited into the study. The data collected were entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20. The relationships between socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents and their use or non-use of apt domestic solid waste disposal methods were examined using chi-square analysis. The study found that 44% of respondents disposed domestic waste into central skip over dustbins. Spilled over of skip over dustbin has caused 8% of respondents to practice open burning. 7% dumped on undeveloped building plots, 5% dumped elsewhere, and 3% dumped into the river course. About 78% of respondents reported that mobilization of cleanups was irregular. The result from the study also showed a statistical significant association between practice of domestic solid waste management and religion [χ2 (2, 403) = 60.9484, p α = 5%]. About 96% of Christians practiced good methods of domestic solid waste management compared to 4% of Muslims. The findings painted a gloomy picture of poor domestic solid waste management practice among the respondents in the study communities.

关键词： Solid Waste Management Environmental Conditions Infectious Diseases Methods of Waste Disposal Style Skip over Dustbin Hohoe Municipal Assembly Ghana

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Effect of a Malaria Control Program on the Prevalence of Malaria, Fever and Anaemia in Children under Five Years in the Hohoe Municipality of Ghana: A Comparative Analysis of Cross-Sectional Surveys

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2015年第4期5卷 180-188页

作者： margaret kweku Eric Kwaku Appiah Wisdom Takramah Yeetey Enuameh Ishmael Norman Fred Binka School of Public Health University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Department of Epidemiology Surveillance and Disease Control 37 Military Hospital Accra Ghana Institute for Security Disaster and Emergency Studies Sandpiper Place Langma Ghana Chancellery University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana

Background: Malaria and anaemia continue to adversely impact the health of children in Ghana. Hohoe is an area of intense and prolonged, seasonal malaria transmission. In 2006, malaria control programme activities which provided In-secticide Treated Bed-Nets (ITNs) to resident children under five years and Artemisinin Combination Therapies (ACTs) for the management of malaria were introduced into the Hohoe Municipality. Before the introduction of the control programme, baseline surveys were carried out in communities in the Hohoe municipality to determine the prevalence of malaria, fever, anaemia, malaria parasite density, gametocytaemia and ITN ownership and use in June and November 2006 ahead of the intervention programme. Similar surveys were conducted in 2010 after the intervention to assess changes in the earlier indicators in the same communities. This report presents an evaluation of the intervention by comparing findings before and after the malaria control interventions. Methods: In 2010, two community-based surveys were carried out in thirty communities among children aged five years and below. The first one was at the beginning of the rainy and high malaria transmission season in June and the other was in November at the end of the rainy season. The surveys were to determine the prevalence of malaria, fever, anaemia and ITN ownership, use and effectiveness among children less than 5 years. Data were collected in the form of interviews using questionnaire and collection of biological samples. Findings were compared to those similar surveys conducted in the same communities and age groups in 2006. Pr-testi was used to analyze two sample tests for proportions and t-test was used for means. Findings: Malaria prevalence decreased by 20% [9.0% vs. 7.2%;p = 0.0.40], fever decreased by 47.8% [2.3% vs. 1.2%;p = 0.008] and anaemia decreased by 32.9% [7.8% vs. 5.3%;p = 0.002]. ITN ownership increased by 67.9% [20.8% vs. 64.8%;p < 0.001], ITN use increased by 64.2% [15.1% vs. 42.2%;p < 0.001] and ITN effectiveness

关键词： Malaria Parasitaemia Mean Parasite Density Anaemia Fever Malaria Transmission Gametocytaemia Insecticide Treated BedNets Children under Five Years Hohoe Municipality Ghana

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The Impact of Malaria Control Interventions on Malaria and Anaemia in Children under Five after Ten Years of Implementation in the Hohoe Municipality of Ghana

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2017年第3期7卷 93-105页

作者： margaret kweku Eric Kwaku Appiah Yeetey Enuameh Martin Adjuik Wisdom Takramah Elvis Tarkang John Gyapong School of Public Health University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Dept. of Epidemiology Surveillance and Disease Control Public Health Division 37 Military Hospital Accra Ghana Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Office of the Vice Chancellor University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana

Background: Malaria remains a dominant health issue among children in Ghana. We monitored the trend of long lasting insecticide net (LLIN) ownership and use and its impact on malaria and anaemia among children under five over the past decade in an area of intense, prolonged and seasonal malaria transmission. Methods: A total of 1717, 2155 and 1915 children were surveyed in June and 1717, 2155 and 1697 in November in 30 communities of the Hohoe Municipality in 2006, 2010 and 2015 respectively. The primary outcomes monitored were the trend of LLIN ownership, use and prevalence of malaria and anaemia through cross-sectional surveys. Findings: Results showed a significantly positive trend (p Interpretation: Ownership of LLIN and its use together with other indicators of malaria prevalence generally improved five years after the implementation of a malaria control programme. Ten years after programme implementation, consistent improvement was only in LLIN ownership and use. Also malaria prevalence indicators improved in the post as compared to the pre-rainy season in the study communities.

关键词： Malaria Anaemia Long Lasting Insecticide Treated BedNets Children under Five Years Hohoe Municipality Ghana

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Epiphanic Revival: Exploring Metallic Finishes on Batik Fabrics in Ghana

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Journal of Textile Science and Technology 2024年第1期10卷 25-40页

作者： Sumaila Mohammed Sumaila kweku Safo-Ankama Joshua Anim Department of Textile Design and Technology Takoradi Technical University Takoradi Ghana

Batik fabric is an integral part of the traditional cloth culture of the Ghanaian traditional setting. However, the batik fabric has marginal usage due to its casual visual appearance. This studio practice seeks to explore the epiphanic revival in the use of metallic finishes on batik substrate to create an enhanced visual appearance with embellished aesthetic sensibilities and diversified use. The researchers adopted the studio-based approach of the qualitative design to manipulate handmade tools, techniques (collagraph) and the batik fabrics through experimentation to produce a glittering mercurial batik fabric which is typically an industrial practice. The studio practice took place at the Textile Design and Technology studio, Takoradi Technical University, Ghana. The traditional batik fabric was manipulated through fabric decoration techniques in accordance with studio-based practices. The Addie model was adopted as a methodological approach in the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation processes of the experimentation processes of the study. Findings revealed that the hand techniques used in the production process for the metallic prints produced interesting accidentals finishes and effects that machine work cannot achieve, producing new discoveries of visual enhancements of traditional batik fabric. Traditional batiks became mercurial with glittery effects. The metallic prints on the fabric also changed its consumption pattern from mere casual fabric to classic and cosmopolitan fabric for varied uses suitable for wearable to non-wearable.

关键词： Batik Tie Dye Metallic Prints Finishes Visual Appearance

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The autophagy protein Atg9 functions in glia and contributes to parkinsonian symptoms in a Drosophila model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 1150-1155页

作者： Shuanglong Yi Linfang Wang margaret S.Ho Shiping Zhang School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor deficits,dopaminergic neuron loss,and brain accumulation ofα-synuclein aggregates called Lewy bodies.Dysfunction in protein degradation pathways,such as autophagy,has been demonstrated in neurons as a critical mechanism for eliminating protein aggregates in Parkinson’s disease.However,it is less well understood how protein aggregates are eliminated in glia,the other cell type in the brain.In the present study,we show that autophagy-related gene 9(Atg9),the only transmembrane protein in the autophagy machinery,is highly expressed in Drosophila glia from adult brain.Results from immunostaining and live cell imaging analysis reveal that a portion of Atg9 localizes to the trans-Golgi network,autophagosomes,and lysosomes in glia.Atg9 is persistently in contact with these organelles.Lacking glial atg9 reduces the number of omegasomes and autophagosomes,and impairs autophagic substrate degradation.This suggests that glial Atg9 participates in the early steps of autophagy,and hence the control of autophagic degradation.Importantly,loss of glial atg9 induces parkinsonian symptoms in Drosophila including progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons,locomotion deficits,and glial activation.Our findings identify a functional role of Atg9 in glial autophagy and establish a potential link between glial autophagy and Parkinson’s disease.These results may provide new insights on the underlying mechanism of Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： Atg9 autophagy glia Parkinson’s disease

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A Natural Catalytic Converter^® for Continuously Inactivating Air and Surface Pathogens with More Effect than Ventilation and Filtration

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第5期14卷 1353-1363页

作者： margaret Scarlett Brett Duffy CAPT. (Ret.) US Public Health Service Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States of America ASHRAE (62.1 Standard Committee) Atlanta GA United States of America

Study Objective: The purpose of the study is to present independent laboratory testing for a novel technology in air and on surfaces. Since 2020, public health goals have focused on improving indoor air quality. This includes protection from airborne pathogens, such as tuberculosis, RSV, SARS-CoV-2, common cold or influenza viruses, measles, and others. Engineering controls are highly effective at reducing hazardous pathogens found in indoor air and from recontamination of surfaces. This occurs from a continuous cycle of settling of small, sustained airborne pathogens, which may become dehumidified, becoming airborne again, carried by room air currents around indoor spaces, then repeating the cycle. Methods: The novel technology utilizes a catalytic process to produce safe levels of hydrogen peroxide gas that are effective in reducing pathogens in the air and on surfaces. Air testing was performed with the MS2 bacteriophage, the test organism for ASHRAE standard 241, and methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Surface testing was performed with SARS-COV-2 (Coronavirus COVID-19) and H1N1 (Influenza). Typical ventilation and filtration does not effectively remove disbursed pathogens from the entire facility, due to inconsistent air circulation and surface deposits of pathogens. Results: MS2 was reduced by 99.9%;MRSA was reduced by 99.9%;SARS-CoV-2 was reduced by 99.9%;H1N1 was reduced by 99.9%. Conclusion: This novel catalytic converter reduces a variety of pathogens in the air (99%) and on surfaces (99%), by actively disinfecting with the introduction of gaseous hydrogen peroxide. This active disinfection provides a strong solution for protecting the entire facility and its occupants.

关键词： Pathogen Bacteria Virus Reduction Gaseous Hydrogen Peroxide Disinfection Indoor Air Quality Surface

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The Impact of Physiotherapy Interventions on the Elderly Population with Mental Health Conditions at Chainama Hills College Hospital in Zambia. A Pre-Post Single Sample Study Design

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2024年第2期12卷 160-173页

作者： Bibi Mwanatambwe Phiri Martha Banda Chalwe margaret Mweshi Loveness Anila Nkhata Department of Physiotherapy Chainama Hills Hospital Lusaka Zambia School of Health Sciences Department of Physiotherapy University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Background: Physical functional decline is common among elderly individuals with mental disorders, worsening their symptoms. Physiotherapy interventions have shown some evidence in improving physical function and mental health outcomes in this population. This study aimed to assess the impact of physiotherapy interventions on the elderly with mental health conditions at Chainama Hills College Hospital in Zambia. Methods: A pre-post single sample design was used to track patient progress over six weeks, with 10 physiotherapy sessions. The study population (N = 30) comprised of all elderly individuals with mental health conditions, encompassing both men and women, who were hospitalized during the research period. The Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living and the six-minute walk test were evaluated before and after the intervention. The IBM SPSS version 26 was used to analyze data and results were presented as mean ± SD with a 95% confidence interval. The variables were described in terms of their mean, SD, and range. A significance level of 0.05 was used for a paired T-test to detect changes and multiple logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with mental health. Results: Following the intervention, the percentage of participants achieving full function and independence increased significantly to 96.7% from the initial 73.3%, supported by a 95% CI = [0.82 - 0.99]. There was also a notable decrease in the proportion of individuals experiencing moderate impairment, dropping from 26.7% to just 3.3%, with a corresponding 95% CI = [0.00 - 0.17]. Conclusion: The findings derived from this study illustrate an enhancement in the aspects of participants’ overall health and functional condition, including blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate. Consequently, physiotherapy exercises can be employed as a tactic to ameliorate the functional status and physical well-being of older individuals afflicted with mental disorders in Zambia.

关键词： Elderly Mental Health Conditions Physiotherapy Exercise

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Study on the energy evolution mechanism of low-temperature concrete under uniaxial compression

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2022年第3期14卷 162-172页

作者： QinYong Ma kweku Darko Forson School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanAnhui 232001China Engineering Research Center of Underground Mine Construction Ministry of EducationAnhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanAnhui 232001China

In order to study the mechanical properties and energy evolution of low-temperature concrete during uniaxial compres‐sion, a uniaxial compression test was performed on concrete. In addition, the evolution laws of compressive strength, deformation modulus and total energy, elastic potential energy, dissipated energy and peak energy of concrete in the process of deformation and failure are analyzed. The effects of age and temperature on low-temperature concrete is analyzed from the perspective of energy. Test results show that temperature improves the strength and deformation of concrete to varying degrees. When cured for 28 days, the compressive strength and deformation modulus of concrete at −20 ℃ is increased by 17.98% and 21.45% respectively, compared with the compressive strength and deformation modulus at room temperature of 20 ℃. At the point of failure of the concrete under uniaxial compression, the total damage energy and the dissipation energy both increase, while the developed elastic strain energy increases and then decreases. Increase in curing duration tends to increase the total destruction energy of concrete, peak point elastic strain energy, peak point dissipation energy, and peak point total energy. Whereas increase in curing durations, has shown to decrease the total destruction energy of concrete, the peak point elastic strain energy, peak point dissipation energy, and peak point total energy. The peak point strain energy reflects the ability of low-temperature concrete to reasonably resist damage. By using the principle of energy analysis to study the deformation process of concrete, it provides research methods and ideas for the deformation analysis of this type of material under load.

关键词： low-temperature concrete uniaxial compression mechanical properties energy mechanism dissipated energy

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高薪VS激励薪酬:哪种更好?

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新理财（公司理财） 2024年第5期 76-79页

作者： margaret B.Shackell 不详

企业管理人员最大的责任就是确保员工发挥其最佳水平,但在当前劳动力市场紧张的情况下(这里主要指美国),你可能考虑的是如何吸引、留住员工,调动他们的积极性。包括绩效考核和决策权在内的激励薪酬研究告诉我们,基于绩效的薪酬管理是有... 详细信息

企业管理人员最大的责任就是确保员工发挥其最佳水平,但在当前劳动力市场紧张的情况下(这里主要指美国),你可能考虑的是如何吸引、留住员工,调动他们的积极性。包括绩效考核和决策权在内的激励薪酬研究告诉我们,基于绩效的薪酬管理是有效的。也就是说,考核和奖励机制会带来更多人的关注。但最近的一项研究颠覆了上述观点。这篇发表在Journal of Managemcnt Accounting Research杂志上的研究论文(以下简称“HMP”)提出。

关键词：企业管理人员激励薪酬绩效考核薪酬管理奖励机制最佳水平留住员工高薪

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Antenatal care positive responses to pregnant women in preventing and controlling malaria in pregnancy:the sub-Saharan African perspective

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第7期18卷 453-462页

作者： margaret Tete Telay Doe Ousman Bajinka Amadou Barrow Department of Oecupational and Environmental Health Xiangya School of Public Health.Central South University.ChangshaPeople's Republic of China Department of Microbiology.Central South University ChangshaHunan ProvincesChina China-Africa Research Centre of Infectious Diseases School of Basic Medical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangsha 410078HunanChina Heidelberg Institute of Global HealthUniversity Hospital and Medical FacultyHeidelberg University.HeidelbergGermany School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences University of The GambiaBanjulThe Gambia

Background The response to antenatal care(ANC)for maternal and offspring outcomes,especially in pregnant women has been thoroughly studied.However,despite the number of interventional studies on the treatment of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine combination(IPTp-SP)uptake,the point in point cases of the positive responses of ANC in improving health conditions of pregnant women are not found in the literature.Data sources This review collected ANC responses to the positive health outcomes for pregnant women with malaria,the challenges faced regarding IPTp-SP uptake during ANC visits and the role of ANC in preventing and controlling malaria in sub-Saharan Africa.It elucidated ANC and uptake of optimal intermitent preventive IPTp-SP and further described ANC as a tool for heterogeneity for malaria prevention.Results ANC is seen as a microscope to malaria in pregnacy,maternal iron deficiency and anemia checkpoints,ANC and malaria treatment strategies,and ANC and the use of insecticide treated nets(ITN).The review further discussed ANC attendance influencing factors,limitations to ANC implications and the prospects in ANC visits on preventing malaria in pregnancy.Conclusions A declining trend of malaria transmission in Africa has been observed in recent years.However,the burden of malaria in pregnancy remains a health concern.The rate of SP resistance,low uptake of IPTp-SP,low LLINs distribution,late gestational ANC visits and low turnaround for optimal ANC visits for first time mothers’aggrevated the malaria-endemic settings among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa.

关键词： Malaria-Pregnant women ANC visits Pregnancy outcome IPTp-SP uptake

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