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The Generalized Stackelberg Equilibrium of the Two-Person Stopping Game

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第1期12卷 155-168页

作者： marek Skarupski Krzysztof J.Szajowski Faculty of Pure and Applied Mathematics Wroclaw University of Science and Technology50-370WrocƚawDolonoslaskiePoland

In modeling the bilateral selection of states of the process,Dynkin(Dokl Akad Nauk USSR 185:241–288,1969)proposed a two-person game in which players use stopping moments as strategies.The purpose of this work is to present a model of the game in which the players have different information about the process itself,as well as various laws to stop the process and accept its state.The game model uses the stochastic process apparatus,in particular,the ability to create different filters for the same process.The sets of stopping moments based on different filters are not identical,which allows us to model different sets of strategies for players.We show that the follower,by observing the behavior of a rational leader,can recover information that is lost due to the lack of complete observation of the state of the process.In the competition of two opponents for the maximum of the i.***.d.sequence,one of whom has access to full information and the other only knows their relative ranks,we found the generalized Stackelberg equilibrium.If the priority of a player observing the relative ranks is less than 50%,then that player modifies his strategy based on the behavior of the second player.For a player with full information,information about the behavior of the player observing the relative ranks is useless.

关键词： No-zero-sum game Optional stopping Equilibrium Filtration

Differential roles of seed and sprout regeneration in forest diversity and productivity after disturbance

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 371-380页

作者： marek Mejstrík Martin Svatek Martina Pollastrini Martin Sramek Radim Matula Department of Forest Ecology Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PragueKamýcka 12916500PragueCzech Republic Department of Forest Botany Dendrology and GeobiocoenologyFaculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoZemedelska 361300BrnoCzech Republic Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and ForestryUniversity of FirenzePiazzale Delle Cascine 2850144FirenzeItaly

Natural regeneration after disturbances is a key phase of forest development,which determines the trajectory of successional changes in tree species composition and diversity.Regenerating trees can originate from either seeds or sprouts produced by disturbed trees with sprouting ability.Although both regeneration strategies often develop and co-occur after a disturbance,they tend to affect forest development differently due to significant functional differences.However,the origin of tree regeneration is rarely distinguished in post-disturbance forest surveys and ecological studies,and the differential roles of seed and sprout regeneration in forest productivity and diversity remain poorly understood.To address these research gaps,we explored the role of sprout and seed regeneration in the formation of woody species diversity and above-ground biomass(AGB)productivity in early-stage forest development.Data were collected in two experimental forest stands in the Czech Republic,where trees were cut with varying intensities with the density of residual(uncut)trees ranging from 0 to 275 trees per hectare.All trees were mapped and their sizes were measured before cutting and then,either as a stump with sprouts or a residual tree,remeasured 11 years later.In addition,all tree saplings were mapped and measured 11 years after logging,and their origin(sprout or seed)was identified.To assess abundances and productivity,we estimated AGB of all2,685 sprouting stumps of 19 woody species and 504 generative(i.e.,seed origin)individuals of 16 woody species,using allometric equations.Mixed-effects models were used to analyze the effects of each regeneration strategy on woody species diversity and the total AGB under varying densities of residual trees.Nonmetric multidimensional scaling was used to evaluate the effect of regeneration strategies on species composition.AGB and diversity of sprouts were significantly higher than those of seed regeneration.Sprouts formed on average97.1%of the total regeneration AGB in H ady and 98.6%in

关键词： Resprouting Seeding Residual trees Tree diversity Above-ground biomass

Early response of understory vegetation to the mass dieback of Norway spruce in the European lowland temperate forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 214-225页

作者： Jan marek Matuszkiewicz Andrzej N.Affek Piotr Zaniewski Ewa Kołaczkowska Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies University of WarsawPoland Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of SciencesPoland Institute of Forest Sciences Warsaw University of Life SciencesPoland

Spruce-dominated forests are commonly exposed to disturbances associated with mass occurrences of bark beetles.The dieback of trees triggers many physical and chemical processes in the ecosystem resulting in rapid changes in the vegetation of the lower forest layers.We aimed to determine the response of non-tree understory vegetation to the mass dieback of Norway spruce(Picea abies)in the first years after the disturbance caused by the European spruce bark beetle(Ips typographus)outbreak.Our study area was the Białowieża Biosphere Reserve covering the Polish part of the emblematic Białowieża Forest,in total 597km^(2).The main data source comprised 3,900 phytosociological relevés(combined spring and summer campaigns)collected from 1,300 systematically distributed forest sites in 2016–2018–the peak years of the bark beetle outbreak.We found that the understory responded immediately to mass spruce dieback,with the most pronounced changes observed in the year of the disturbance and the subsequent year.Shade-tolerant forest species declined in the initial years following the mass spruce dieback,while hemicryptophytes,therophytes,light-demanding species associated with non-forest seminatural communities,as well as water-demanding forest species,expanded.Oxalis acetosella,the most common understory species in the Białowieża Forest,showed a distinct fluctuation pattern,with strong short-term expansion right after spruce dieback,followed by a gradual decline over the next 3–4 years to a cover level 5 percentage points lower than before the disturbance.Thus,our study revealed that mass spruce dieback selectively affects individual herb species,and their responses can be directional and non-directional(fluctuation).Furthermore,we demonstrated that the mass dieback of spruce temporarily increases plant species diversity(α-diversity).

关键词： Forest disturbance Bark beetle outbreak Picea abies Ips typographus Response of understory vegetation Herbaceous species Biaowieza Forest

Theoretical investigation of electron-impact ionization of W8+ion

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 341-349页

作者：张世平张芳军张登红丁晓彬蒋军颉录有马玉龙李麦娟 marek Sikorski 董晨钟 Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province College of Physics and Electronic EngineeringNorthwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China

The electron-impact single ionization cross section for W8+ion has been calculated using flexible atomic code,employing the level-to-level distorted-wave approximation.This calculations takes into account contributions form both direct ionization(DI)and excitation autoionization(EA).However,the theoretical predictions,based solely on the ground state,tends to underestimate the experimental values.This discrepancy can be mitigated by incorporation contributions from excited states.We extended the theoretical analysis,including the contributions from the long-lived metastable states with lifetimes exceeding 1.5×10-5 s.We employed two statistical models to predict the fraction of ground state ions in the parent ion beam.Assuming a 79%fraction of parent ions in ground configuration,the experiment measurements align with the predictions.Furthermore we derived the theoretical cross-section for the ground state as correlated plasma rate coefficients,and compared it with existing data.Despite the uncertainty in our calculations,our results are still acceptable.

关键词： tungsten ions electron-impact ionization cross section

Different clinical presentations of metachronous pulmonary metastases after resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Retrospective study and review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第35期23卷 6420-6428页

作者： Martin Lovecek Pavel Skalicky Josef Chudacek marek szkorupa Hana Svebisova Radmila Lemstrova Jiri Ehrmann Bohuslav Melichar Tharani Yogeswara Dusan Klos Radek Vrba Roman Havlik Beatrice Mohelnikova-Duchonova Department of Surgery I University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University Department of Oncology University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University Department of Molecular Pathology Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University OlomoucUniversity Hospital Olomouc Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University Department of Oncology Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University OlomoucUniversity Hospital Olomouc Department of Surgery I Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University

AIM To analyze pancreatic cancer patients who developed metachronous pulmonary metastases(MPM) as a first site of recurrence after the curative-intent surgery.METHODS One-hundred-fifty-nine consecutive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) patients who underwent radical pancreatic surgery between 2006 and 2013 were included in this retrospective analysis. The clinical data including age, sex, grade, primary tumor location, p TNM stage, lymph node infiltration, microangioinvasion, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, the therapy administered, and follow-up were all obtained from medical records. Further analysis covered only patients with metachronous metastases. Clinical and histopathological data(age, sex, grade, primary tumor location, p TNM stage, lymph node infiltration, microangioinvasion, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, the therapy administered and follow-up) of patients with metachronous non-pulmonary metastases and patients with metachronous pulmonary metastases were statistically assessed. Disease-free survival(DFS) from pancreas resection until metastases onset and overall survival(OS) were calculated. Wilcoxon test, χ~2 test and survival functions computed by the KaplanMeier method were used. Statistical significance was evaluated by the log-rank test using SPSS. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS Metachronous pulmonary metastases were observed in 20(16.9%) and were operable in 3(2.5%) of PDAC patients after a prior curative-intent surgery. Patients with isolated pulmonary metastases(oligometastases and multiple metastases) had estimated prior DFS and OS of 35.4 and 81.4 mo, respectively, and those with metachronous pulmonary metastases accompanied by other metastases had prior DFS and OS of 17.3 and 23.4 mo, respectively. Patients with non-pulmonary metastases had prior DFS and OS of 9.4 and 15.8 mo, respectively. Different clinical scenarios according to the presentation of MPM were observed and patients could be divided to three subgr

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pulmonary metastases Metachronous metastases Surgical resection Overall survival Chemotherapy

The Economic Demands on the Method of Founding a Passive Brick House on Foamed Glass Granulate

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2024年第5期18卷 218-222页

作者： marek Jašek Faculty of Civil Engineering VSB-TU of OstravaOstrava 70800Czech Republic

The cost of acquisition of a passive house is a little higher than that of a conventional house.Proper design of a passive house should include not only thermal protection and stability of the construction,but it must also take into account the price demands on each of the proposed structures and solution of details.The paper deals with the financial comparison of the traditional method of a foundation on the foundation strips of plain concrete and the modern method of founding a passive house as brick construction on the reinforced concrete slab base with a compact subsoil layer of thermal insulation in the form of granules of foamed glass.

关键词： Passive house financial comparison granules of foamed glass

Influence of processing history on microstructure， mechanical properties， and electrical conductivity of Cu-0.7Mg alloy

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年

作者： Alireza KALHOR Kinga RODAK marek TKOCZ Bartosz CHMIELA Ivo SCHINDLER ?ukasz POLOCZEK Krzysztof RADWA?SKI Hamed MIRZADEH Marian KAMPIK Faculty of Materials Engineering Silesian University of Technology V?B – Technical University of Ostrava Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Materials Research Group ?ukasiewicz Upper Silesian Institute of Technology School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran Faculty of Electrical Engineering Silesian University of Technology

The effects of forward extrusion as well as extrusion combined with reversible torsion (KoBo extrusion)， followed by additional deformation via the MaxStrain module of the Gleeble thermomechanical simulator， on the microstructure， mechanical properties， and electrical conductivity of a Cu-0.7Mg (wt.%) alloy， were investigated in this work. The simulation results highlighted the critical influence of processing history in determining the equivalent strain distribution. The sample subjected to forward extrusion at 400 ℃and subsequent MaxStrain processing (FM sample)， possessed 76% lower grain size compared to the sample processed solely with MaxStrain (AM sample). Likewise， the KoBo-extruded and MaxStrain-processed sample (KM sample) exhibited 66% smaller grain size compared to the AM sample. Tensile test results revealed that the AM， FM， and KM samples， respectively， possessed 251%， 288%， and 360% higher yield strength， and 95%， 121%， and 169% higher tensile strength compared to the initial annealed alloy， as a result of grain refinement as well as deformation strengthening. Finally， the electrical conductivity measurements revealed that AM， FM， and KM samples， respectively， possessed electrical conductivity values of 37.9， 35.6， and 32.0 (MS/m)， which， considering their mechanical properties， makes them eligible to be categorized as high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloys.

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Erratum to “Quantum Algorithm for Mining Frequent Patterns for Association Rule Mining” [Journal of Quantum Information Science 13 (2023) 1-23]

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Journal of Quantum Information Science 2024年第2期14卷 68-68页

作者： Abdirahman Alasow marek Perkowski Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Portland State University Portland OR USA

The original online version of this article (Abdirahman Alasow, marek Perkowski (2023) Quantum Algorithm for Mining Frequent Patterns for Association Rule Mining. Journal of Quantum Information Science, 13, 1-23. https://***/10.4236/jqis.2023.131001 unfortunately contains a mistake. The authors would like to clarify that Figure 11 and Figure 13 in our paper use a variant of diffusion quantum circuit that is not a standard Grover diffusion operator for the Boolean oracles and the phase oracles of L.K. Grover as presented in [1]-[3]. However, this variant of diffusion quantum circuit in those figures is the same as the quantum diffuser proposed by [4], which is the so-called “controlled-diffusion operator”.

关键词： Erratum

Strongly Lensed Transient Sources:A Review

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Chinese Physics Letters 2022年第11期39卷 72-91页

作者：廖恺 marek Biesiada 朱宗宏 School of Physics and Technology Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China National Centre for Nuclear Research Pasteura 702-093 WarsawPoland Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

The past decades have witnessed a lot of progress in gravitational lensing with two main targets:stars and galaxies(with active galactic nuclei).The success is partially attributed to the continuous luminescence of these sources making the detection and monitoring relatively easy.With the running of ongoing and upcoming large facilities/surveys in various electromagnetic and gravitational-wave bands,the era of time-domain surveys would guarantee constant detection of strongly lensed explosive transient events,for example,supernovae in all types,gamma ray bursts with afterglows in all bands,fast radio bursts,and even gravitational waves.Lensed transients have many advantages over the traditional targets in studying the Universe,and magnification effect helps to understand the transients themselves at high redshifts.In this review article,on base of the recent achievements in literature,we summarize the methods of searching for different kinds of lensed transient signals,the latest results on detection and their applications in fundamental physics,astrophysics,and cosmology.At the same time,we give supplementary comments as well as prospects of this emerging research direction that may help readers who are interested in entering this field.

关键词： gravitational galaxies stars