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Recommendations for procedures related to the evidence chain of custody in forensic anthropology in Brazil

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 609-622页

作者： Nicole Prata damascena Melina Calmon silva Alexandre Raphael Deitos Rosane Pérez Baldasso Renata Cristina Grangeiro Ferreira Cristian Kotinda Júnior Carlos Eduardo Palhares Machado Departamento de Polícia Técnica da Bahia BahiaBrazil Grupo de Pesquisa em Antropologia Forense e Identificação de Pessoas BrasiliaBrazil Instituto Nacional de Criminalística da Polícia Federal BrasiliaBrazil Departamento Médico-Legal do Instituto-Geral de Perícias do Rio Grande do Sul(IGP/RS) Porto AlegreBrazil Instituto de Criminalística da Polícia Civil do Distrito Federal BrasiliaBrazil.

Forensic anthropologists perform specialised analysis,mainly involving skeletonised human remains,cadavers in advanced stages of decomposition,disassociated elements from the human body,and human remains in extreme *** main objectives of the forensic anthropology expertise are human identification and assisting in determining the cause and manner of *** the time since death is also a priority for some cases,especially ones involving missing *** science works on individual cases,violent deaths,missing persons,mass disasters,suspected violations of human rights,and crimes against *** anthropological evidence is,in general,very ***,it is important to detail aspects relevant to the maintenance of the chain of custody at all phases of the investigation,as well as standardise the actions of the individuals *** aims to preserve the evidence integrity and sameness(Sameness:free translation of the Portuguese word“mesmidade”,derived from a Spanish word that does not possess a translation to *** of evidence is understood as the guarantee that the evidence under valuation(or under analysis of its probative value)is exactly and integrally the same one which was collected,corresponding,therefore,to“the same”(and not“part of”,“derived from”),safeguarding its *** Law No.13.964 of 14 December 2019 establishes and lists 10 phases related to the evidence chain of custody that must be *** newly introduced requirements resulted in the need for adaptation of the forensic,investigative,and legal actors involved in an investigation,and in the detailed description of the procedures for the different areas related to criminalistics,including forensic *** information provided in this article should be interpreted as recommendations,even though their non-compliance may weaken the investigative and forensic analysis processes in whole or in part.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic anthropology chain of custody evidence law Brazil

Role of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2021年第4期11卷 169-187页

作者： Heloisa Lima Heller Aline Rizzo Borges Luís Otávio Amarante Franco João Pedro De Oliveira Aucelio marcos Igor Albanaz Vargas Rebeca Naoum Lorga Mirella Bastos Sales Natália Vargas Do Nascimento Gabriela Furlan Ribeiro Barbosa Netto Beatriz Carneiro Passos Beatriz Pires Paes Beatriz Toledo Mendes Bruna De Paula Gonçalves Sousa Lyra Ciro Moisés Oliveira Vieira Dos Santos Gustavo Araújo Do Nascimento Santos Maria Luiza Pimentel De Oliveira Matheus Macêdo da silva Maurício silva De Jesus Paulo Ricardo Guimaraes Rocha Storni Tamires Martinelli De Oliveira Ferraz Viviane Cristina Uliana Peterle Ana Paula Monteiro Gomides Reis Centro Universitário de Brasília Brasília Brazil Universidade Católica de Brasília Brasília Brazil Centro Universitário Euro Americano Brasília Brazil

A literature search of articles from 2002-2019 was performed using Medline, Embase, Cochrane, LILACS, IBECS, CRD, and Epistemonikos databases, to analyze the effects of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in the treatment of fibromyalgia. Twenty-seven articles were selected in which CBT was performed exclusively by specialist physicians, associated or not with conventional pharmacological treatment and/or physical exercise. In most articles, CBT worked with self-knowledge and cognitive restructuring, attempting to reduce pain perception, and it showed a general improvement in daily activities by decreasing patient’s limitations, such as morning stiffness. The literature showed significant correlations of CBT in pain processing over time. When CBT was compared to conventional pharmacological therapy, a certain superiority of CBT could be observed concerning the quality of life, catastrophizing, and acceptance of pain. However, when they were simultaneously applied, this improvement in quality of life was not observed.

关键词： Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Fibromyalgia Pain

The Sustainable Expansion of the Cocoa Crop in the State of Paráand Its Contribution to Altered Areas Recovery and Fire Reduction

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2022年第3期14卷 294-313页

作者： Adriano Venturieri Rodrigo Rafael Souza de Oliveira Tassio Koiti Igawa Katia De Avila Fernandes marcos Adami Moisés Cordeiro Mourão de Oliveira Júnior Cláudio Aparecido Almeida Luiz Guilherme Teixeira silva Ana I. R. Cabral João Felipe Kneipp Cerqueira Pinto Antônio José Amorim Menezes Sandra Maria Neiva Sampaio Embrapa Eastern Amazonia Belém Brazil University of Para State Belém Brazil Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel Belém Brazil University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA International Research Institute for Climate and Society Columbia University New York USA National Institute for Space Research S&#227 o José dos Campos S&#227 o Paulo Forest Research Centre School of Agriculture University of Lisbon Lisbon Portugal Research Development Foundation S&#227 o José dos Campos Brazil

The state of Pará, located in the Amazon region of Brazil, has observed in recent years an increase in cocoa (Theobroma cacao) cultivation and has become the largest producer in Brazil. Due to its physiological characteristics, cacao is cultivated in native forests understory or under the shade produced by fast-growing native tree species, serving as an important species for restoration of degraded areas. However, mapping and monitoring cocoa plantation using optical sensor images is a challenge given its botanical and arboreal characteristics that can be confused with other native species at various stages of secondary regrowth. Agroforestry systems are important components of sustainable production in the Amazon and our work sought to better describe the evolution of cocoa plantations in terms of their historical expansion, farming properties practices, land use transitions and fire regimes. Our findings to analyze the relationships between cocoa plantations and hotspots, data from the INPE’s reference satellite between the years 2004 to 2020 were used in this study, polygons classified as cocoa areas, generated by the MapCacau research project, were used, in a total of 69,904 hectares distributed throughout the state of Pará. Finally, we used the protected areas’ official limits in the State of Pará to analyze the plantations’ occurrence in regions in discordance with environmental legislation. The data show that cocoa-producing properties are statistically fewer than non-producing properties, as well as having lower deforestation rates. In our study, we observed that 52,778 hectares (88.87%) of the cocoa area planted had already been deforested by the year 2008—the threshold of deforestation defined by Brazil’s Forest Code. It was also possible to verify that approximately 20,900 hectares continue to be mapped as forest by PRODES, despite our field data identifying cocoa plantations shaded by explored forest in these areas. Regarding the crop’s formation, the da

关键词： Amazon Machine Learning Participative Mapping Pará Cocoa Amazon MapCacau

Production of Lettuce Seedlings with Association of Diazotrophic Bacteria and Humic Acids

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第5期9卷 946-957页

作者： Carlos Augusto Rocha de Moraes Rego Bruna Penha Costa Marinez Carpiski Sampaio marcos Massuo Kashiwaqui Joao Henrique silva Caetano Vandeir Francisco Guimaraes Juan López de Herrera Pablo Wenderson Ribeiro Coutinho Cláudio Yuji Tsutsumi Maria Soraia Fortado Vera Cruz Thatiane Nepomuceno Alves Shirlene Souza Oliveira Ana Carolina Pinguelli Ristau Hannah Braz Center of Agrarian Sciences State University of Western ParanáMarechal Candido RondonBrazil University School of Agricultural Technical Engineering Polytechnic University of MadridMadridSpain

The objective of this work was to verify the responses in agronomic and physiological characters of lettuce seedlings when submitted to different doses of humic acids and the presence or absence of inoculation of the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense. The experiment was carried out at the Protected Cultivation Station and Biological Control Teacher Mário César Lopes, belonging to the Experimental Stations Nucleus of the State University of the West of Paraná. The experimental design was a randomized block design, in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme, with four repetitions, totaling 40 plots. The first factor consisted of five solutions containing humic acid (100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and 0%) and the second factor was the presence or absence of the diazotrophic bacterium Azospirillum brasilense obtained by commercial product. Germination tests were carried out in addition to the determination of agronomic characters such as the number of fully expanded leaves, plant height, stem diameter, main root length, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, total dry mass, and Dickson quality index. The association of diazotrophic bacteria and humic acids did not influence the emergency rate, mean emergence time, mean speed of emergency, emergence speed index, plant height, and root length of lettuce seedlings. The dilutions of humic acids, regardless of inoculation with bacteria diazotrophic favored the development of the number of leaves, stem diameter and Dickson quality index. Inoculation of lettuce seeds with diazotrophic bacteria associated with the addition of humic acids, favored the development of the dry mass of root and total dry matter.

关键词： Azospirillum brasilense Humic Substances Lactuca sativa L. Productive Characteristics

香椿的树木年轮宽度与超年生殖行为的相互关系:对树轮学研究的警示

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第1期17卷 165-171页

作者： Monique silva Costa Thaís Jorge de Vasconcellos Claudio Sergio Lisi Arno Fritz Neves Brandes Mario Tomazello-Filho Cátia Henriques Callado Instituto de Aplicação Fernando Rodrigues da Silveira Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroRua Barão de Itapagipe96.Rio Comprido 20261-005Rio de JaneiroBrazil Laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroRua São Francisco Xavier524Maracanã20550-013Rio de JaneiroBrazil Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal de SergipeAv.Marechal Rondon s/n-Rosa Elze.São Cristóvão 49100-000SergipeBrazil Departamento de Biologia Geral Universidade Federal FluminenseRua Prof.Marcos Waldemar de Freitas ReisS/N.Gragoatá24210-201Rio de JaneiroBrazil Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz Universidade de São PauloAv.Pádua Dias11.Piracicaba 13418-900São PauloBrazil

资源分配到生殖过程涉及到生态和进化因素,可能会减少植物的营养生长。这种相互关系在自然界中不容易观察到,因为有许多参数可以限制生殖结构的产生或生物量的增加。我们将香椿(Cedrela odorata L.,楝科)在里约热内卢州大西洋森林中的... 详细信息

资源分配到生殖过程涉及到生态和进化因素,可能会减少植物的营养生长。这种相互关系在自然界中不容易观察到,因为有许多参数可以限制生殖结构的产生或生物量的增加。我们将香椿(Cedrela odorata L.,楝科)在里约热内卢州大西洋森林中的树木年轮宽度与超年生殖行为相关联。总体而言,生殖结构的发育发生在湿润的年份,在生长季初期没有出现水分亏缺。然而,在这些年份,树木年轮宽度较小。这些结果可能与树木年轮宽度与当地气候之间缺乏相关性有关。因此,我们强调在径向生长研究中纳入生殖数据的重要性,以扩大对热带森林生长变异性的理解。

关键词：植物生长策略树木年轮学树木生态学生殖权衡

Empathy Gender in Dental Students in Latin America: An Exploratory and Cross-Sectional Study

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Health 2015年第11期7卷 1527-1535页

作者： Víctor Patricio Díaz-Narváez Ana María Erazo Coronado Jorge Luis Bilbao Farith González Mariela Padilla Madeline Howard María Guadalupe silva Mirian Bullen Fredy Gutierrez Teresa Varela de Villalba Mercedes Salcedo Rioja Joyce Huberman Doris Carrasco Robert Utsman School of Dentistry Universidad San Sebastián Santiago Chile Associate Investigator Universidad Autónoma de Chile Santiago Chile Universidad Metropolitana Barranquilla Colombia School of Medicine Universidad Libre Seccional Barranquilla y Fundación Universitaria San Martín Sede Puerto Colombia Barranquilla Colombia School of Dentistry Universidad de Cartagena Campus de la Salud Barrio Zaragocilla Cartagena Colombia School of Health Sciences Universidad Latinoamericana de Ciencia y Tecnología San José Costa Rica School of Dentistry Universidad de Costa Rica San Pedro de Montes de Oca San José Costa Rica Institute for Scientific Research Universidad Central del Este San Pedro de Macorís Dominican Republic School of Dentistry Universidad de Panamá Panama City Panama Facultad de Estomatología Roberto Beltrán Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru School of Medicine Universidad Católica de Córdoba Córdoba Argentina Department of Pediatric Dentistry School of Dentistry Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Lima Peru School of Dentistry Faculty of Clinical Medicine Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile School of Dentistry Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile Investigation of the School of Health Sciences Universidad Latinoamericana de Ciencia y Tecnología San José Costa Rica

Background: It is well-founded that empathy is an attribute that increases the likelihood of good communication between health professionals and patients, and it is usual that there is the conviction that empathy levels are higher in women than in men. Aims: A study comparing levels of empathy gender of students in 18 schools of dentistry from six Latin American countries was conducted. Method: An exploratory cross-sectional study of which empathy levels were measured by the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for dental students (S version) and these levels were compared between genders by t-student test, after verification of normal distribution and homoscedasticity. Results: Variability was found in the results of the comparisons. In some cases, empathy levels were higher in women, others in men and in most of them there were no differences between genders. Conclusions: The observed results do not support the belief that women are more empathetic than men. However, more studies must be performed in more powers and countries to verify that the results described constitute a scientific fact and not just a feature of dental students specifically in the countries studied.

关键词： Empathy Gender Dental Students

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响应频率达1MHz的光耦合器电路

电子设计技术 1996年第6期 58-58页

作者： Ferran silva marcos Quilez Ramon Bragos Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya Barcelona Spain

隔离放大器可对低频模拟信号进行隔离,但成本很高,光耦合器成本低,被广泛使用于数字信号。然而,当使用光耦合器时,就会受失真和带宽的限制问题。带宽的限制是由于下降的电流—传输率与频率之间函数关系造成的,可以采用反馈技术来改进线... 详细信息

隔离放大器可对低频模拟信号进行隔离,但成本很高,光耦合器成本低,被广泛使用于数字信号。然而,当使用光耦合器时,就会受失真和带宽的限制问题。带宽的限制是由于下降的电流—传输率与频率之间函数关系造成的,可以采用反馈技术来改进线性度。但是,这种电路通常会很复杂。图1所示的电路,利用电流来驱动光耦合二极管,它改善了带宽,并使频率—响应平坦均

关键词：响应频率祸合器