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Science Bulletin 2021年第14期66卷 1462-1471,M0004页

作者：冯晓明傅伯杰张园潘乃青曾振中田汉勤吕一河陈永喆 Philippe Ciais 王应平张橹程磊 fernando T.Maestre Marcos Fernández-Martínez Jordi Sardans Josep Peñuelas State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China International Center for Climate and Global Change Research School of Forestry and Wildlife SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburnAL 36832USA School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement CEA CNRS UVSQGif-sur-Yvette 91191France Oceans and Atmosphere Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganisationAspendaleVictoria 3195Australia South China Botanic Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Land and Water Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganisationBlack MountainCanberraACT 2601Australia School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Departamento de Ecología and Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio“Ramon Margalef” Universidad de AlicanteAlicante 03690Spain Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-UAB Spanish National Research CouncilCerdanyola del VallèsCatalonia 08193Spain

大尺度的研究表明全球植被光合能力和生产力自20世纪80年代以来持续增加,但是很少有研究关注到其时空异质性.本研究将全球植被绿度变化趋势分为持续变绿、由变绿转为变棕、持续变棕以及不显著变化等不同类型,发现全球植被绿度变棕区域... 详细信息

大尺度的研究表明全球植被光合能力和生产力自20世纪80年代以来持续增加,但是很少有研究关注到其时空异质性.本研究将全球植被绿度变化趋势分为持续变绿、由变绿转为变棕、持续变棕以及不显著变化等不同类型,发现全球植被绿度变棕区域持续增加.到2010年以后逐渐超过持续变绿的区域(27.8×10^(6)km^(2),26.4%),达到了39.0×10^(6)km^(2)(全球植被面积的35.9%).这一现象抵消了2010年前12.0%±3.1%(0.019±0.004 NDVI a^(-1))植被绿度增加(2010~2016,P<0.05).全球陆地生态系统初级生产力也表现为类似的变化特征.这种变化主要是由于土壤水对于植被胁迫的负向作用,在部分地区超过了温度和辐射对于植被光合的积极作用.目前地球系统模型中的相关模块并不能反映这一正在增加的植被土壤水分胁迫.研究提示随着全球升温作用进一步加强,目前的地球系统模型土地模块可能会高估全球陆地生态系统碳固持能力.

关键词：初级生产力土壤水分胁迫时空异质性陆地生态系统全球升温 ). 植被绿度系统模型

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Water Stress in Temperate Dry Climate of the Baja California North and Use Rainwater

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2019年第5期13卷 293-304页

作者： Francisco fernández Melchor marcos Eduardo Gonzalez Trevizo Julio Cesar Rincón martínez Facultad de Ingeniería Arquitectura y Diseno (Faculty of Engineering Architecture and Desing) Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (Baja California Autonomous University) Ensenada BC 22860 Mexico

The growth of urban centers in Mexico and the consequent demand for services and overexploitation of their watersheds and aquifers, these being insufficient to cover the demand for drinking water in different cities, and areas with dry climates and poor rainfall are mostly affected. The case study where this research is concentrated is located in the city of Ensenada, where the demand for greater capacity in general basic services such as drinking water supply has created a greater problem when the availability of this resource is very limited by the climatic conditions and the natural environment in arid zones as it is in the North of Baja California. In this research we propose the design and installation of a rainwater collection system, with economic materials and common use that any inhabitant can acquire for their implementation in their own home. In this sense, dissemination has been promoted about the advantages of using natural resources based on collective awareness, emphasizing the scientific dissemination of knowledge. For this last point the moderation of the use of rainwater is made to cover the domestic demand for water through a rain collection system installed in a house of average family.

关键词： Ecotechnologies rainwater harvesting average precipitation.

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Soil-vegetation relationships in Mediterranean forests after fire

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第2期8卷 240-252页

作者： Víctor fernández-García Elena marcos Sara Huerta Leonor Calvo Area of Ecology Department of Biodiversity and Environmental ManagementFaculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversidad de León24071 LeónSpain

Background:Wildfires are one of the major environmental concerns in Mediterranean ecosystems.Thus,many studies have addressed wildfire impacts on soil and vegetation in Mediterranean forests,but the linkages between these ecosystem compartments after fire are not well understood.The aim of this work is to analyze soil-vegetation relationships in Mediterranean burned forests as well as the consistency of these relationships among forests with different environmental conditions,at different times after fire,and among vegetation with different functional traits.Results:Our results indicate that study site conditions play an important role in mediating soil-vegetation relationships.Likewise,we found that the nature of soil-vegetation relationships may vary over time as fire effects are less dominant in both ecosystem compartments.Despite this,we detected several common soil-vegetation relationships among study sites and times after fire.For instance,our results revealed that available P content and stoichiometry(C:P and N:P)were closely linked to vegetation growth,and particularly to the growth of trees.We found that enzymatic activities and microbial biomass were inversely related to vegetation growth rates,whereas the specific activities of soil enzymes were higher in the areas with more vegetation height and cover.Likewise,our results suggest that resprouters may influence soil properties more than seeders,the growth of seeders being more dependent on soil status.Conclusions:We provide pioneer insights into how vegetation is influenced by soil,and vice-versa,in Mediterranean burned areas.Our results reflect variability in soil-vegetation relationships among study sites and time after fire,but consistent patterns between soil properties and vegetation were also detected.Our research is highly relevant to advance in forest science and could be useful to achieve efficient post-fire management.

关键词： Wildfires Soil nutrients Enzymatic activities Microbial biomass Growth forms Regenerative strategies

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Ready to migrate?Reading cellular signs of migration in an epithelial to mesenchymal transition model

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BIOCELL 2022年第11期46卷 2353-2356页

作者： TAMARA fernÁndez-CALERO IGNACIO LÓPEZ marcos DAVYT CORA CHALAR RICARDO EHRLICH MÓNICA MARÍN Biochemistry-Molecular Biology Faculty of ScienceUniversidad de la RepúblicaMontevideo11400Uruguay Bioinformatics Unit Institut Pasteur de MontevideoMontevideo11400Uruguay Departamento de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad Católica del UruguayMontevideo11600Uruguay Institut Pasteur de Montevideo Montevideo11400Uruguay

The epithelial to mesenchymal transition(EMT)is a cellular program that drives de-differentiation of cells in both physiological and pathological processes.One of the characteristics of cells describing an EMT is the(re)acquisition of a motility capacity that allows them to migrate through the original tissue as well as to other sites in the organism.The molecular mechanisms that control the EMT are rapidly emerging and here we add to the idea that the adaptation required for cells to commit to the EMT includes adjustments of the translation machinery and metabolic pathways to cope with a high demand of extracellular components.

关键词： EMT Migration Translation machinery Metabolism

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Increased phosphorus availability to corn resulting from the simultaneous applications of phosphate rock, calcareous rock, and biochar to an acid sandy soil

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Pedosphere 2020年第6期30卷 719-733页

作者： Rogério Borguete Alves RAFAEL Maria Luisa fernÁndez-marcos Stefania COCCO Maria Letizia RUELLO Flavio FORNASIER Giuseppe CORTI Department of Rural Engineering Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry EngineeringUniversidade Eduardo MondlaneMaputo 257Mozambique Department of Agriculture Food and Environmental SciencesUniversitàPolitecnica delle MarcheAncona 60131Italy Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Universidad de Santiago de CompostelaLugo 27002Spain Department of Materials Environmental Sciences and Urban PlanningUniversitàPolitecnica delle MarcheAncona 60131Italy Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura Centro di Ricerca per lo Studio delle Relazioni tra Pianta e Suolo(C.R.E.A.-R.P.S.)Gorizia 34170Italy Instituto de Biodiversidade Agraria e Desenvolvemento Rural Universidad de Santiago de CompostelaLugo 27002Spain

Phosphorus(P)deficiency is one of the main constraints on crop production in Arenosols(acid sandy soil).The high cost of P fertilizers may represent an insurmountable obstacle in many poor countries,leaving the exploitation of their own calcareous and phosphate rocks as the only low-cost and long-term alternative.Biochar is suggested to have positive effects on soil properties;however,there is no published research on the synergistic effects of biochar and rocky materials in modifying soil properties.The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical and biochemical responses of an acid Arenosol treated with phosphate rock(PR),calcareous rock(CR),and biochar(BC),and the implications for corn yield.A soil from Marracuene District,Mozambique was used,where corn was grown for 90 d with the soil treated with:no addition(control),water-soluble zinc phosphite fertilizer(WSP),PR,WSP+CR,WSP+BC,WSP+CR+BC,PR+BC,and PR+CR+BC.Biochar was produced by pyrolysis of babycorn peels for 4 h at 450?C and applied at 11 g kg-1.The soil pHH2 Oincreased from about 4.54 in the control to 7.38 in the PR+CR+BC treatment.Easily oxidizable organic carbon,cation exchange capacity,and available P were higher in the treatments containing BC than in the control.The treatments containing CR and/or BC led to the highest activities of alkaline phosphomonoesterase,phosphodiesterase,andα-glucosidase,which increased P availability and gave the greatest biomass and yields.We suggest that biochar provides additional soluble P and supplies adsorption sites for phosphate,preventing its evolution to unavailable forms.Thus,PR applied together with BC contributed to an 840%yield increase compared to the control.The treatments containing WSP and BC facilitated phosphite oxidation to phosphate and increased crop yield.

关键词： Arenosols available P enzyme activity phosphite oxidation soil fertility

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Natural sediment at a dam and its inorganic materials as adsorbents of praseodymium(Pr(Ⅲ))

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第4期38卷 566-575页

作者： Melania Jiménez-Reyes Jaime Jiménez-Becerril marcos Solache-Ríos Perla Tatiana Almazán-Sánchez Departamento de Química Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares Carretera México-Toluca S/N CONACy T-Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares

The sediment deposited behind a dam(DS) and its inorganic materials(IM-DS) were characterized and used for the removal of praseodymium(Pr) from aqueous solutions. Quartz, albite, and kaolinite were found in the sediment by X-ray diffraction. Kinetic data fit well to a pseudo second-order model, the equilibrium time for DS and IM-DS was 2 h and 3 min, respectively, and the adsorption capacity was higher for Pr/DS(qe= 4.91 mg/g) than for Pr/IM-DS(qe= 3.01 mg/g) in these conditions. Pr/DS and Pr/IM-DS data isotherms were in agreement with the Langmuir-Freundlich model and the maximum adsorption capacities were 4.95 and 4.01 mg/g, respectively. Both processes are exothermic(enthalpy change, ΔH0=-22.8 and-21.8 k J/mol for DS and IM-DS, respectively), the increase of the randomness is small, and the feasibility and spontaneity are low. Praseodymium was desorbed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium(EDTA-Na2), sodium chloride, nitric, citric, and humic acids solutions, and one hundred percent of praseodymium was desorbed by the EDTA-Na2solution. The Pr2(EDTA)3(praseodymium ethylenediaminetetraacetate) complex was completely desorbed from both materials(DS and IM-DS). Distribution coefficients(KD) depend upon praseodymium concentration,temperature, p H, and the kind of adsorbent. Chemical reactions of praseodymium with kaolinite and iron minerals could explain the adsorption.

关键词： Praseodymium Sediment Adsorption process parameters Desorption

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Local characterization of the polarization state of 3D electromagnetic fields:an alternative approach

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光子学研究:英文版 2023年第7期11卷 1326-1338页

作者： ROSARIO martínez-HERRERO DAVID MALUENDA marcos AVINOA ARTUR CARNICER IGNASI JUVELLS ANGEL S.SANZ Departamento de Óptica Universidad Complutense de Madrid(UCM)Ciudad Universitaria28040 MadridSpain Facultat de Física Departament de Física aplicadaUniversitat de Barcelona(UB)Martíi Franquès 108028 BarcelonaSpain

A precise knowledge of the polarization state of light is crucial in technologies that involve the generation and application of structured light fields. The implementation of efficient methods to determine and characterize polarization states is mandatory;more importantly, these structured light fields must be at any spatial location at a low expense. Here, we introduce a new characterization method that relies on a rather convenient description of electric fields without neglecting their 3D nature. This method is particularly suitable for highly focused fields,which exhibit important polarization contributions along their propagation direction in the neighborhood of the focal region;i.e., the contributions out of the planes transverse to the optical axis, conventionally used to specify the polarization state of these fields. As shown, the method allows the extraction of information about the three field components at relatively low computational and experimental costs. Furthermore, it also allows characterization of the polarization state of a field in a rather simple manner. To check the feasibility and reliability of the method, we determined both analytically and experimentally the local polarization states for a series of benchmark input fields with it, finding excellent agreement between the theory and experiment.

关键词： polarization characterization state

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Assessment of Potential Nutrient Release from Phosphate Rock and Dolostone for Application in Acid Soils

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Pedosphere 2018年第1期28卷 44-58页

作者： Rogério Borguete Alves RAFAEL María Luisa fernández-marcos Stefania COCCO Maria Letizia RUELLO David C.WEINDORF Valeria CARDELLI Giuseppe CORTI Department of Rural Engineering University Eduardo Mondlane Department of Agriculture Food and Environmental Sciences Università Politecnica delle Marche Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Department of Materials Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning Università Politecnica delle Marche Department of Plant and Soil Science Texas Tech University

Finding alternative local sources of plant nutrients is a practical, low-cost, and long-term strategy. In this study, laboratory column experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design to evaluate the feasibility of using phosphate rock and dolostone as fertilizers or acid-neutralizing agents for application in tropical acid soils. The dissolution rates of different particle-size fractions(0.063–0.25, 0.25–0.5, and 0.5–2 mm) of both rocks were studied by citric acid solution at p H 4 and 2 and water, with extraction times of 1, 3, 5, 7, 12, 24, 72, 144, 240, and 360 h. The results showed that the dissolution of both rocks depended on the particle size,leaching solution, and extraction time. The dissolution rate of rock-forming minerals increased as the specific surface area increased,corresponding to a decrease in particle size. In all cases, the release kinetics was characterized by two phases: 1) a first stage of rapid release that lasted 24 h and would ensure short-term nutrient release, and 2) a second stage of slow release after 24 h, representing the long-term nutrient release efficiency. Both rocks were suitable as slow-release fertilizers in strongly acid soils and would ensure the replenishment of P, Ca, and Mg. A combination of fine and medium particle-size fractions should be used to ensure high nutrient-release efficiency. Much work could remain to determine the overall impact of considerable amounts of fresh rocks in soils.

关键词：磷酸盐版本岩石滋养土壤粒子尺寸评价植物营养素

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Robotic transanal total mesorectal excision:Is the future now?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第8期13卷 834-847页

作者： Juan Carlos Sebastián-Tomás Aleix martínez-Pérez Elías martínez-López Nicola de'Angelis marcos Gómez Ruiz Eduardo García-Granero Department of Surgery Universidad de ValenciaValencia 46010Spain Department of General and Digestive Surgery Hospital Universitario Doctor PesetValencia 46017Spain Faculty of Health Sciences Valencian International UniversityValencia 46002Spain Minimally Invasive and Robotic Digestive Surgery Unit Miulli HospitalAcquaviva delle Fonti 70021Italy Department of General and Digestive Surgery Hospital Universitario Marqués de ValdecillaSantander 39008Spain Grupo de Investigación en Innovación Quirúrgica Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Valdecilla(IDIVAL)Santander 39008Spain Department of General and Digestive Surgery Hospital Universitarioy Politécnico la FeValencia 46026Spain

Total mesorectal excision(TME)is the standard surgical treatment for the curative radical resection of rectal cancers.Minimally invasive TME has been gaining ground favored by the continuous technological advancements.New procedures,such as transanal TME(TaTME),have been introduced to overcome some technical limitations,especially in low rectal tumors,obese patients,and/or narrow pelvis.The earliest TaTME reports showed promising results when compared with the conventional laparoscopic TME.However,recent publications raised concerns regarding the high rates of anastomotic leaks or local recurrences observed in national series.Robotic TaTME(R-TaTME)has been proposed as a novel technique incorporating the potential benefits of a perineal dissection together with precise control of the distal margins,and also offers all those advantages provided by the robotic technology in terms of improved precision and dexterity.Encouraging short-term results have been reported for R-TaTME,but further studies are needed to assess the real role of the new technique in the long-term oncological or functional outcomes.The present review aims to provide a general overview of R-TaTME by analyzing the body of the available literature,with a special focus on the potential benefits,harms,and future perspectives for this novel approach.

关键词： Rectal cancer Minimally-invasive surgery Robotics Total mesorectal excision Transanal approach Natural orifice surgery

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Endoscopic and anesthetic feasibility of EUS and ERCP combined in a single session versus two different sessions

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2011年第3期3卷 57-61页

作者： Juan J Vila marcos Kutz Silvia Goi Miriam Ostiz Edurne Amorena Carlos Prieto Cristina Rodriguez Ignacio fernández-Urien Francisco J Jiménez Endoscopy Unit Gastroenterology DepartmentComplejo Hospitalario de Navarra

AIM:To discuss the feasibility of single session endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) to discuss and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) execution.METHODS:Retrospective endoscopic and anesthetic outcome comparison of performing both EUS and ERCP in a single endoscopic session(Group Ⅰ) versus performing each procedure in two different sessions(Group Ⅱ) was made.The following variables were evaluated:epidemiological variables,American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification(ASA) level,procedural time,propofol dose,anesthetic complications,endoscopic complications and diagnostic yield,and therapeutic procedures on both groups.T-student,ChiSquare and Fisher test were used for comparison.RESULTS:We included 39 patients in Group Ⅰ(mean age:69.85 ± 9.25;27 men) and 46 in Group Ⅱ(mean age:67.46 ± 12.57;25 men).Procedural time did not differ significantly between both groups(Group Ⅰvs Group Ⅱ:93 ± 32.78 vs 98.98 ± 38.17;P >0.05) but the dose of propofol differed(Group Ⅰ vs Group Ⅱ:322.28 ± 250.54 mg vs 516.96 ± 289.06 mg;P = 0.001).Three patients had normal findings on both explorations.Three anesthetic complications [O2 desaturation(2),broncoaspiration(1)] and 9 endoscopic complications [pancreatitis(6),bleeding(1),perforation(1),cholangitis(1)] occurred without significant differences between both groups(P > 0.05).We did not find any significant difference regarding age,sex,ASA scale level,diagnostic yield or therapeutic maneuvers between both groups.CONCLUSION:The performance of EUS and ERCP in a single session offers a similar diagnostic and therapeutic yield,does not entail a higher complication risk and requires a significantly smaller dose of propofol for sedation compared with performing each exploration in a different session.

关键词： Endosonography Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Feasibility Studies Endoscopy Gastrointestinal Anesthesia

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