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The health care economic-industrial complex: Concepts and general characteristics

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Health 2013年第10期5卷 1607-1621页

作者： Carlos Augusto Grabois Gadelha Lais Silveira Costa Jose Manuel Santos de Varge Maldonado Pedro Ribeiro Barbosa marco antonio Vargas Science Technology and Strategic InputsMinistry of HealthBrasiliaBrazil Research Group Innovation in Health Care Oswaldo Cruz Foundation(Fiocruz)Rio de JaneiroBrazil Professional Master’s Degree Course in Politics and Management of Science Technology and Innovation in Health CareSergio Arouca School of Public HealthOswaldo Cruz FoundationRio de JaneiroBrazil Management and Institutional Development Oswaldo Cruz Foundation(Fiocruz)Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Economics Faculty of EconomicsUniversidade Federal FluminenseNiteroiBrazil

The strategic role of health care within the Brazilian development agenda has been increasingly recognized and institutionalized. Aside from its importance as a structural element of the Welfare State, health care plays a leading role in generating innovation. Despite this, the productive base of Brazil’s health care system is extremely fragile, jeopardizing both the universal provision of health care services and the country’s competitive insertion in the globalized environment. This suggests the need for a more systematic analysis of the complex relationships that exist between the technological and the social interests involved in the productive base of health care provision in Brazil. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to enhance our understanding of the productive base of health care, especially given its potential to contribute to a socially inclusive development model, which is the ultimate goal in Brazil.

关键词： Technological Development Policies Health Care Sector Economics Health Sciences Technology and Innovation Management Policies and Cooperation in Science Technology and Innovation

Co-Inoculation of Soybean with Bradyrhizobium and Azospirillum Promotes Early Nodulation

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第10期6卷 1641-1649页

作者： Amaral Machaculeha Chibeba Maria de Fátima Guimaraes Osmar Rodrigues Brito marco antonio Nogueira Ricardo Silva Araujo Mariangela Hungria Department of Agronomy Universidade Estadual de Londrina(UEL)LondrinaBrazil Embrapa Soja LondrinaBrazil Total Biotecnologia Indústria e Comércio Ltda CuritibaBrazil

Soybean inoculation with elite strains of Bradyrhizobium to improve nodulation, N2 fixation, and grain yield is well established worldwide. However, when grown in soils where N is deficient, soybean undergoes an initial phase of N starvation that may last up to 20 days after seedling germination due to the lack of synchronism between the phase when seed N reserves are exhausted and the moment when plants begin to benefit from the nitrogen fixed by the bacteria. Practices that promote early nodulation may play a key role in reducing the N starvation period. Azospirillum is a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that can stimulate root hair formation and root growth, creating more sites for early root infection and nodule formation by N2-fixing Bradyrhizobium spp. In this study, the effects of co-inoculating soybeans with Bradyrhizobium spp. and Azospirillum brasilense on nodulation precocity and N2 fixation were evaluated under greenhouse and field conditions. Nodule number and dry weight, as well as plant and root dry weight and N accumulated in shoots at 15, 18, 21, 24 and 30 days after emergence (DAE) were evaluated in response to inoculation with Bradyrhizobium spp. alone or when co-inoculated with Azospirillum sp. In the greenhouse, co-inoculated plants nodulated precociously as indicated by a significant increase (p Azospirillum helps plants to overcome environmental stresses.

关键词： Biological Nitrogen Fixation Inoculation Soybean Symbiosis

Effective use of FibroTest to generate decision trees in hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第21期15卷 2617-2622页

作者： Dana Lau-Corona Luís Alberto Pineda Héctor Hugo Avilés Gabriela Gutiérrez-Reyes Blanca Eugenia Farfan-Labonne Rafael Núez-Nateras Alan Bonder Rosalinda Martínez-García Clara Corona-Lau marco antonio Olivera-Martínez Maria Concepción Gutiérrez-Ruiz Guillermo Robles-Díaz David Kershenobich Department of Experimental Medicine School of MedicineUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoGeneral Hospital of Mexico Department of Computer Sciences Institute for Applied Mathematics and SystemsUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Department of Gastroenterology Lomas Altas Clinic

AIM： To assess the usefulness of FibroTest to forecast scores by constructing decision trees in patients with chronic hepatitis C.METHODS： We used the C4.5 classification algorithm to construct decision trees with data from 261 patients with chronic hepatitis C without a liver biopsy. The FibroTest attributes of age, gender, bilirubin, apolipoprotein, haptoglobin, α2 macroglobulin, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were used as predictors, and the FibroTest score as the target. For testing, a 10-fold cross validation was used.RESULTS： The overall classification error was 14.9% （accuracy 85.1%）. FibroTest＇s cases with true scores of FO and F4 were classified with very high accuracy （18/20 for FO, 9/9 for FO-1 and 92/96 for F4） and the largest confusion centered on F3. The algorithm produced a set of compound rules out of the ten classification trees and was used to classify the 261 patients. The rules for the classification of patients in FO and F4 were effective in more than 75% of the cases in which they were tested.CONCLUSION： The recognition of clinical subgroups should help to enhance our ability to assess differences in fibrosis scores in clinical studies and improve our understanding of fibrosis progression,

关键词： Hepatitis C FibroTest Decision trees C4.5algorithm Non-invasive biomarkers

Symptomatic improvement in an acute, non-traumatic spine pain model with a combination of uridine triphosphate, cytidine monophosphate, and hydroxocobalamin

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Pain Studies and Treatment 2014年第1期2卷 6-10页

作者： marco antonio Mibielli Carlos Pereira Nunes Ari Boulanger Scussel Jr. Mendel Suchmacher Neto Lisa Oliveira Mauro Geller Teresópolis Medical School-UNIFESO Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Rationale: In a previously published trial on spinal acute non-traumatic pain, peripheral neuro- regenerative combination of UTP, CMP and hydroxocobalamin presented unexpected analgesicproperties. Objective: To corroborate analgesiceffects of UTP, CMP and hydroxocobalamin combination in a self-paired evolutionary model. Methods: Mean VAS scores from pretreatment, V2 (5th treatment day) and V3 (10th treatment day) were plotted and statistically analyzed (ANOVA) for differences. PFQ scores from pretreatment, V2, and V3 were analyzed using the chisquare test. Results: The difference between V3 and pretreatment mean VAS scores was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). The improvement in PFQ scores throughout the study was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The combination of UTP, CMP and hydroxocobalamin seems to have analgesic properties in mediumterm use. The complex peripheral neu-roregenerative pharmacodynamics of this combination provides a plausible basis for this finding. Further randomized studies are needed to explore this combination for the indication of neuropathic pain due to spinal structure involvement.

关键词： Uridine Triphosphate Cytidine Monophosphate Hydroxocobalamin Analgesia

Parameters Influencing the Optimization Process in Airborne Particles PM10 Using a Neuro-Fuzzy Algorithm Optimized with Bacteria Foraging (BFOA)

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International Journal of Intelligence Science 2019年第3期9卷 67-91页

作者： Maria del Carmen Cabrera-Hernandez marco antonio Aceves-Fernandez Juan Manuel Ramos-Arreguin Jose Emilio Vargas-Soto Efren Gorrostieta-Hurtado Faculty of Engineering Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro Cerro de las Campanas S/N Querétaro Mexico

The airborne pollutants monitoring is an overriding task for humanity given that poor quality of air is a matter of public health, causing issues mainly in the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, specifically the PM10 particle. In this contribution is generated a base model with an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) which is later optimized, using a swarm intelligence technique, named Bacteria Foraging Optimization Algorithm (BFOA). Several experiments were carried with BFOA parameters, tuning them to achieve the best configuration of said parameters that produce an optimized model, demonstrating that way, how the optimization process is influenced by choice of the parameters.

关键词： Air Pollution Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm (BFOA) Swarm Intelligence ANFIS

Scientific Software Installation Testing Using a Plan-Do-Check-Act Methodology： A Case Study

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2015年第3期9卷 227-232页

作者： Jorge Dominguez-Patifio antonio Rodriguez Martinez Rosenberg Javier Romero marco Cruz Chavez Martha Lilia Dominguez Patino Rosa Maria Melgoza Aleman Posgraduate School in Engineering and Applied Science Autonomous University of Morelos State Cuernavaca 62209 Mexico Research Centre of Engineering and Applied Science Autonomous University of Morelos State Cuernavaca 62209 Mexico FCQeI (Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Engineering) Autonomous University of Morelos State Cuernavaca 62209 Mexico

The scientific software installation testing has a main goal： Evaluate if the software meets its requirements and specifications. In this paper, the scientific software installation in six machines is evaluated. The software installation was tested using a PDCA （Plan-Do-Check-Act） approach in 3 machines and were compared with other 3 machines which were installed exclusively based in the installer experience. The software installed on the machines using a PDCA approach for testing, lead to the expected results. Scientific software installation should be tested during the installation and not as a final test. A methodology based on PDCA is recommended for testing scientific software.

关键词： Testing PDCA scientific software.

Breast Milk Micronutrients in Lactating Mothers from Ribeirao Preto(SP),Brazil

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第13期5卷 1196-1201页

作者： marco Túlio Soares Andrade Luiz antonio Del Ciampo Ieda Regina Lopes Del Ciampo Ivan Savioli Ferraz Fernando Barbosa Junior Department of Puericulture and Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao PretoUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Clinical Toxicological and Bromatological AnalysesFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao PretoUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil

Breast milk is the ideal food for infants and should be consumed as the exclusive food for the first six months and then be complemented up to two years of age. The aim of this study is to determine breast milk’s content of macro and micronutrient in lactating mothers from the Ribeir?o Preto (SP) region, in Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted with breast milk samples of 70 mothers from the city of Ribeir?o Preto (SP). The samples were analyzed in order to determine iron, copper, zinc, calcium and magnesium concentrations. They were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeir?o Preto, University of S?o Paulo, and all subjects gave written informed consent to participate. The current study revealed that all 70 lactating mothers were healthy and delivered babies more than 38 weeks gestation;71.4% of them were younger than 30 years and 47.1% were primiparae. The iron, copper, zinc, calcium and magnesium concentrations detected in milk were 2.7 ± 0.4, 0.4 ± 0.02, 3.6 ± 0.2, 142 ± 21.6 and 39.8 ± 4.2 mg/L, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that in the present sample, except for calcium, all other mineral concentrations were adequate for the infant’s requirements according to the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI).

关键词： Human Milk Breastfeeding Micronutrients ICP-MS

ECF Bleaching with Molybdenum Activated Acid Peroxide and its Impact on Eucalyptus Pulp Properties and Effluent Quality

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Natural Resources 2011年第1期2卷 61-70页

作者： marco antonio Bandeira Azevedo Vanya Marcia Duarte Pasa Hannu Hamalainen Ann Honor Mounteer Rubens Chaves de Oliveira Jorge Luiz Colodette Departament of Chemical Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil Kemira Oy VaasaFinland Departament of Forest Engineering Universidade Federal de VicosaVicosaBrazil

Acid hydrogen peroxide catalyzed with molybdenum (PMo stage) is effective to decrease pulp kappa number and potentially minimize chlorine dioxide demand in subsequent ECF bleaching. This study aimed at developing cost-effective methods for applying PMo as the first stage bleaching for eucalyptus kraft pulp and evaluating their impact on pulp properties and effluent quality in relation to current ECF bleaching techniques. The PMo(EP)DP and A/PMo(EP)DP sequences proved to be most cost-effective for PMo stage application. The pulp properties and effluent quality derived from bleaching with these two sequences were compared with those of the conventional bleaching with the DHT(EP)DP sequence. The PMo(EP)DP sequence produced pulp of refinability and physical properties similar to that of the reference but the A/PMo(EP)DP one resulted in pulp of 20% lower refinability and 10% lower tearing strength. Untreated effluents of the PMo(EP)DP and A/PMo(EP)DP sequences presented similar COD, but lower AOX and color than the DHT(EP)DP effluents. None of the effluents exhibited acute toxicity. The effluents from the PMo(EP)DP sequence showed much lower BOD and BOD/COD ratio than that of the A/PMo(EP)DP one. All effluents were readily treated in bench-scale reactors, and achieved COD removal efficiencies of greater than 70%.

关键词： Molybdenum Bleaching Eucalyptus Kraft Qulp Effluent Pulp Quality

Microscopic colitis in patients with mild duodenal damage:A new clinical and pathological entity(“lymphocytic enterocolitis”)?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2016年第4期7卷 307-313页

作者： Gabriele antonio Bonagura Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone Sharmila Fagoonee Nicoletta Sapone Gian Paolo Caviglia Giorgio Maria Saracco marco Astegiano Rinaldo Pellicano Unit of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Molinette Hospital Institute for Biostructures and Bioimages-CNR c/o Molecular Biotechnology Center University of Torino Department of Medical Sciences University of Turin Department of Oncology University of Torino

AIM To evaluate the potential association between mild duodenal damage and microscopic colitis(MC).METHODS We retrospectively included 105 consecutive patients with type I Marsh-Oberhuber duodenal damage and negativity for immunoglobulin A anti-endomysium and anti-tissue *** following parameters were analyzed:Sex,age at execution of esophagogastroduodenoscopy,duodenal damage,and number of intraepithelial lymphocytes at biopsies,prevalenceof Helicobacter pylori infection,age at execution of colonoscopy,macroscopic and microscopic features of colonoscopy,family history of gastrointestinal and autoimmune diseases,smoking habits,biochemical parameters of inflammation and autoimmunity,use of proton pump inhibitors or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,adverse reactions to drugs or foods,pathologies known to be associated with celiac disease or MC,living on a gluten-free diet or on a gluten-low diet for at least 1 *** Colonoscopy was performed in 59 patients,but only in 48 of them biopsies were taken in the entire *** the latter cohort,the diagnosis of MC was met in 25(52.1%) patients while in 18 patients other pathologic findings were reported:13(27%) cases of nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease,2(4.2%) cases of Crohn's disease,2(4.2%) cases of eosinophilic gastroenteritis,and 1(2.1%) case of autoimmune ***(10.4%) patients had a normal colonoscopic *** the groups by age,and considering only patients who underwent colonoscopy(42.7 ± 15.5 years) vs those who did not undergo colonoscopy(36.9 ± 10.6 years),a statistical difference was found(P = 0.039).Focusing on symptoms,diarrhea was statistically more prevalent in MC group than in patients who did not undergo colonoscopy(P = 0.03).CONCLUSION Mild duodenal damage is associated with MC in more than half of the *** association supports the hypothesis of a link between these two entities.

关键词： Autoimmune diseases Celiac disease Helicobacter pylori Intraepithelial lymphocytes Lymphocytic colitis Lymphocytic enterocolitis Microscopic colitis