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Environmental Enrichment and Its Effect on the Welfare of Two Asian Elephants in Africam Safari Wildlife Conservation Park (Puebla, Mexico)

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第4期13卷 496-512页

作者： Martha Trinidad Pérez Ramírez nora Garcez Mercado María Rebeca Rojas Ronquillo marco antonio alarcón zapata Melina Maribel Ojeda Chi Carlos David Pérez Brígido Abigail Tabarez Rojas Faculty of Biological and Agricultural Sciences Veracruzana University Tuxpan Mexico

Animal welfare is important in zoos to maintain the physical well-being and psychological health of individuals. An animal is considered to have welfare if it has good nutrition and also expresses its innate behavior, including sensations and feelings experienced as a result of physical health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of environmental enrichment on the behaviors of two Asian elephants in a wildlife conservation park. The behavior of two Asian elephants, a 46-year-old male and a 59-year-old female, was observed. Behavior was measured by quantifying the frequency, latency, and duration of behavioral actions. Measurements were done with ad libitum sampling during 5 days of testing, then observations were recorded with focal sampling for 25 days with environmental enrichment and 25 days without enrichment. Data were analyzed with the Chi-square statistical test using the statistical program SPSS 20, observing significant differences (P the application of environmental enrichment. The frequency of maintenance behaviors was higher when environmental enrichment was provided, and the frequency of social conducts (affiliative and agonistic) decreased. In fact, the behaviors most frequently presented by elephants with and without environmental enrichment were definitely maintenance behaviors. The environmental enrichment program helped to reduce the duration of abnormal behaviors and increase the frequency of typical behaviors of the species. It also increased independent movements within the exhibition area and helped to know each of the elephants individually in order to apply each enrichment combination according to their needs.

关键词： Asian Elephant Animal Welfare Environmental Enrichment Behavior

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Low Frequency Dispersion in Ionic Conduction of （1 -x）（nal-4Agl）-xAl2O3

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材料科学与工程（中英文版） 2010年第4期4卷 71-76页

作者： Luis Alfredo Rodriguez Gonzalez Wilmer Buchelli Hernando Correa Jesus E. Diosa Ruben antonio Vargas zapata Grupo de Transiciones de Fase en Sistemas no Metalicos Universidaddel Valle A.A. 25360 Cali Colombia Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid CSIC Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Espana Laboratorio de Optoelectronica Universidad del Quindio Armenia Colombia

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Could Low Hdl-Cholesterol Levels Be an Unvalued Predictor of Cancer Risk?: A Retrospective Case Study

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2015年第12期6卷 984-992页

作者： Juan antonio Vílchez natalia Sancho-Rodríguez Ana Martínez-Ruiz Enrique Martínez-Sánchez Francisco Ruiz-Espejo Isabel Tovar-zapata Jose antonio noguera-Velasco Clinical Analysis Department Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinic University Hospital Murcia Spain Cardiology Department Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinic University Hospital Murcia Spain Laboratorios Unilabs S. L. Murcia Spain

Background: The relationship between serum lipid profile levels and cancer risk remained uncertain. Recently, it had been reported a significant inverse association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and the risk of incident cancer that was independent of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), age or sex. Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the behavior of HDL in cancer patients and in healthy population. Methods: We created a retrospectively search strategy in the laboratory information system (LIS). We filtered and searched those patients with CEA within 5 - 20 ng/ml and any value of HDL and corroborated the presence of cancer (Group 1 (G1)) or not (Group 2 (G2)). Moreover, we searched a control group (patients in outpatient oncology clinic) to observe the values of HDL. Comparisons and statistical logistic regression models were applied to link the levels of this biomarkers and cancer risk. Results: We examined 852 valid patients, median age 62 (50 - 73) years. Within the search strategy group, G2 showed highest levels of HDL (54 (43 - 67) mg/dl) and lowest CEA levels (6.7 (5.7 - 8.4) ng/ml) comparing with G1: HDL (47 (37 - 60) mg/dl) and the CEA (7.9 (6.2 - 10.9) ng/ml);p p r2: 0.092;p p = 0.001)] and CEA [OR: 1.115 (1.060 - 1.174), (p nd they were confirmed as independent predictors of cancer. Conclusion: Our findings confirmed the inverse association of HDL levels between healthy populations and were diagnosed with cancer. Moreover, in a random population, patients with cancer presented lower HDL values compared to those without cancer. Therefore, it could demonstrate the possible positive predictive value of low HDL related to cancer risk.

关键词： High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL) Cancer Risk Lipid Profile Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA)

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Morphometric, Physicochemical, Thermal, and Rheological Properties of Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>L.) Cultivars <i>Indica ×Japonica</i>

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Food and nutrition Sciences 2014年第3期5卷 271-279页

作者： Laura Elizabeth Morales-Martínez Luis Arturo Bello-Pérez Mirna María Sánchez-Rivera Elsa Ventura-zapata antonio Ruperto Jiménez-Aparicio Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos del IPn Yautepec México.

The anther culture technical was applied to produce haploid lines of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The hybrids (K/ A92VM061, K/A92VM067, K/A92VM0611, K/A92VM719, K/A92VM720 and K/A92VM721) were obtained in order to generate new varieties from Indica and Japonica cultivars. Morphometric parameters of the grains were evaluated by image analysis. Flours were prepared from the whole rice grains and physicochemical, thermal and rheological properties, X-ray diffraction pattern and evaluation of color using the CIELAB system were assessed. The hybrids lines showed long (061, 611, 721), medium (719 and 720) and short (067) grains. The rice samples presented lipids (2.6% - 3.2%), protein (11% - 15%), total dietary fiber (8.4% - 10.2%), total starch (65% - 74%) and apparent amylose (5% - 32%) contents. Gelatinization temperature (Tp) was found in the range of 66.1℃ - 79.4℃ with enthalpy (ΔH) value between 3.4 - 8.1 J/g. The retrogradation parameters (temperature and ΔH) were lower than those for gelatinization in all samples. The rice samples presented A-type X-ray diffraction pattern. Rice pastes showed a non-newtonian behavior and the brightness (L*) characterize the color of the samples. Hybrid rice grains presented morphometric properties more similar to Japonica than Indica variety. Rice hybrid had higher protein content than Indica variety. Apparent amylose, viscosity and gelatinization temperature varied significantly among hybrids and varieties.

关键词： Brown Rice Hybrid Grains Morphometric Parameters Gelatinization Temperature Flow Behavior Pasting Viscosity

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Biomimetic Synthesized Conductive Copolymer EDOT-Pyrrole Electrodes for Electrocardiogram Recording in Humans

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2021年第10期9卷 19-40页

作者： Manuel Eduardo Martínez-Cartagena Juan Bernal-Martínez Carlos Alberto Aranda-Sánchez Arnulfo Banda-Villanueva José Luis Gonzalez-zapata antonio Ledezma-Pérez Alfredo Aguilar-Elguezabal Jorge Romero-García Advanced Materials Department Research Center in Applied Chemistry (CIQA) Saltillo Coahula México Laboratory in Biomedicine and nanotechnology Aguascalientes Aguascalientes México Department of Reactions Engineering Research Center in Applied Chemistry (CIQA) Saltillo Coahula México Department of Engineering and Chemistry of Materials Research Center in Advanced Materials (CIMAV) Chihuahua México

We report on electrodes fabricated with EDOT-Pyrrole copolymer through electrophoretic deposition and used for recording and sensing bio-electrical signals. We measured the electrical properties of the copolymer deposited on a stainless-steel substrate, and we performed Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) studies to characterize the morphological properties and copolymer distribution on the metal surface. We found that electrodes fabricated with EDOT-Pyrrole copolymer exhibit a high signal-to-noise ratio as well as an accurate and stable conductivity compared with other commonly used electroconductive polymers. Stainless-steel-coated EDOT-Pyrrole electrodes are suitable to record electrocardiograms in humans with high resolution comparable to standard silver-electrodes.

关键词： Electrocardiogram Bioelectrical Signals Biomimetic Conductive Polymers

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Entire Whitening of Apple Trees to Increase Chill Units in Regions of Warm Temperatures during the Fall-Winter Seasons

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第8期13卷 1100-1115页

作者： Alejandro Zermeño-González J. A. Gil-Marín H. Ramírez-Rodríguez A. I. Melendres-Alvarez M. Cadena-zapata Departamento de Riego y Drenaje Universidad Autonóma Agraria Antonio Narro Saltillo México Departamento de Horticultura Universidad Autonóma Agraria Antonio Narro Saltillo México Departamento de Maquinaria Agrícola Universidad Autonóma Agraria Antonio Narro Saltillo México

Different studies have shown that global warming and climate change have increased the planet’s temperature in different locations. For the apple-growing farmers, this may have a negative impact on the accumulations of chill units when the air temperature during the fall-winter season increases. When the entire trees are covered with a reflective material, the wood temperature may decrease. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of whitening (with calcium hydroxide) the entire apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh) after defoliation, on the branches and trunks’ internal temperature (under the bark), the accumulation of chill units (CU), its effects on fruit yield and quality and the relation with the use of thidiazuron (TDZ) (inducer of budbreak). The study was conducted during the fall-winter seasons of 2019-2020 and 2020-2021. The results of this study showed that at the hours of the highest incidence of solar radiation, the internal temperature of the whitened trunks and leaves decreases up to 9°C and 6°C respectively. The accumulated CU during the time of the study, of the whitened branches were up to 81% higher than the ones recorded on the branches with no whitening;while the CU was lost at the hours of highest solar radiation (due to a high temperature) were up to 37.2% smaller. Entire tree whitening increased up to 26% of the yield per tree compared to the application of TDZ. no statistical difference in fruit quality was observed between whitened trees and those with no whitening but with the application of thidiazuron.

关键词： Malus domestica Borkh Chill Units Whitening Calcium Hydroxide Budbreak

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Prevalence of Isolated “Pre-Malignant” Lesions on Prostate Biopsy in a Racially Diverse Community Screened Cohort

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Open Journal of Urology 2015年第12期5卷 213-219页

作者： Michael A. Liss Donna Ankerst David zapata Javier Hernandez Robin J. Leach Ian M. Thompson Department of Urology University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio San Antonio USA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio San Antonio USA Department of Cellular and Structural Biology University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio San Antonio USA Cancer Therapy and Research Center University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio San Antonio USA

Objective: We investigated rates of prostate cancer (PCa), high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplaisa (HGPIn) and atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP) in a multiethnic cohort. Methods: We evaluated prostate biopsy outcomes in men enrolled in the San antonio Center of Biomarkers of Risk for prostate cancer (SABOR) prospective, observational study. PCa-free men underwent annual PSA testing over nearly 14 years with biopsies based on community standards. We investigated biopsy outcomes with a special interest in rates of cancer, HGPIn, and ASAP. Results: We identified 975 prostate biopsies in 801 subjects from 3/1/2001 to 1/9/2014. PCa, HGPIn, or ASAP was encountered in 28.8% (281/975), 10.1% (98/975), and 5.2% (51/975) of prostate biopsy specimens, respectively. The most significant risk factor for a PCa diagnosis was African American race (OR 5.0, 95% CI: 2.2 - 11.4, p n and ASAP occurred more commonly in association with PCa (both p ntified 57% (24/42) of men diagnosed with a “pre-malignant” lesion on prostate biopsy and had a subsequent biopsy. Of those only 8% (2/24) were diagnosed with prostate cancer (both Gleason 3 + 3) within 1 year of the initial biopsy. Conclusion: We note a 5-fold increased risk of PCa for African American men. The incidence of HGPIn and ASAP are consistent with previously reported incidence. If diagnosed in isolation, repeat biopsy within one year could be delayed or eliminated as it may not change prostate cancer outcomes.

关键词： Active Surveillance Ethnicity Prostate Biopsy Prostate Cancer Race

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秘鲁新左派的兴起、实践与衰落

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世界社会主义研究 2024年第5期9卷 69-80+127页

作者：安东尼奥·萨帕塔田楚子上海大学文学院历史系上海大学文学院

秘鲁新左派在发展过程中曾表现出强大的历史韧性与多元性，为该国社会进步与思想发展贡献了独特的理论视角和宝贵的实践经验，深化了该国对社会主义思想的本土化解读。自20世纪60年代初兴起以来，秘鲁新左派经历了激进和民主两个发展阶... 详细信息

秘鲁新左派在发展过程中曾表现出强大的历史韧性与多元性，为该国社会进步与思想发展贡献了独特的理论视角和宝贵的实践经验，深化了该国对社会主义思想的本土化解读。自20世纪60年代初兴起以来，秘鲁新左派经历了激进和民主两个发展阶段，在政治领域取得了一定成就。然而，1989年，在内外因素的双重夹击下，秘鲁新左派最终走向衰落。秘鲁新左派衰退的首要原因在于其派系矛盾无法调和、民众支持体系的瓦解以及政府治理不力导致的信任度降低，上述因素共同导致组织内部出现结构性缺陷。与此同时，新自由主义的冲击以及社会主义阵营的瓦解进一步加速了其衰败进程。

关键词：秘鲁新左派激进革命民主选举社会主义

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1950~2020年秘鲁利马市的三代民众领袖

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世界近现代史研究 2022年第1期 61-64,323页

作者：〔秘鲁〕安东尼奥·萨帕塔刘豪(译) 上海大学文学院历史系南开大学世界近现代史研究中心和拉美研究中心

1950年秘鲁开启了广泛的国内城乡移民进程,形成了利马市平民聚居区的第一代居民。他们为争取权利,形成聚居区民众组织对政府施压,其领袖也呈现互助性、组织性和斗争性等特点。平民聚居区第二代居民受80年代经济危机、90年代藤森政府新... 详细信息

1950年秘鲁开启了广泛的国内城乡移民进程,形成了利马市平民聚居区的第一代居民。他们为争取权利,形成聚居区民众组织对政府施压,其领袖也呈现互助性、组织性和斗争性等特点。平民聚居区第二代居民受80年代经济危机、90年代藤森政府新自由主义改革和社会救助影响,自治性减弱,内部出现阶级分化,互助机制遭到瓦解,其领袖的社会诉求也更为实际。随着平民聚居区第三代居民走上前台,非正规就业进一步扩大,市区政府腐败现象和民众部门内部横向联系的缺失均大大降低了民众领袖政治参与的积极性及其社会诉求的激进性。

关键词：平民聚居区城市民众领袖新自由主义非正规就业

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秘鲁贝拉斯科军政府改革的原因、内容及影响

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石家庄铁道大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第4期18卷 91-95页

作者：田楚子安东尼奥·萨帕塔上海大学文学院上海200444

1968年,秘鲁开明的改革派军官胡安·贝拉斯科·阿尔瓦拉多推翻了未能引领国家走出困境的费尔南多·贝朗德政府。随后,贝拉斯科以废除掌控该国已久的大地产制、寡头主义以及抵抗帝国主义压迫为目标,进行了大刀阔斧的改革。此次改革的主... 详细信息

1968年,秘鲁开明的改革派军官胡安·贝拉斯科·阿尔瓦拉多推翻了未能引领国家走出困境的费尔南多·贝朗德政府。随后,贝拉斯科以废除掌控该国已久的大地产制、寡头主义以及抵抗帝国主义压迫为目标,进行了大刀阔斧的改革。此次改革的主要内容涉及土地再分配、经济国有化、建立稳定的劳动制度,以及引导民众运动等一系列举措,极大地推动了秘鲁的社会进步以及政治民主化进程的进一步发展。

关键词：秘鲁胡安·贝拉斯科·阿尔瓦拉多军政府改革

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