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Colorectal cancer screening:The role of CT colonography

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第32期16卷 3987-3994页

作者： Andrea Laghi Franco Iafrate marco Rengo Cesare Hassan Department of Radiological Sciences Sapienza-Università di RomaPolo PontinoLatina 04100Italy Department of Radiological Sciences Sapienza-Università di RomaPoliclinico Umberto IRome 00161Italy Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit ''Nuovo Regina Margherita'' HospitalRome 00153Italy

Computed tomography colonography(CTC) in colorectal cancer(CRC) screening has two roles:one present and the other *** present role is,without any further discussion,the integration into established screening programs as a replacement for barium enema in the case of incomplete *** potential role is the use of CTC as a first-line screening method together with Fecal Occult Blood Test,sigmoidoscopy and ***,despite the fact that CTC has been officially endorsed for CRC screening of average-risk individuals by different scientif ic societies including the American Cancer Society,the American College of Radiology,and the US Multisociety Task Force on Colorectal Cancer,other entities,such as the US Preventive Services Task Force,have considered the evidence insuff icient to justify its use as a mass screening *** has also recently denied reimbursement for CTC as a screening ***,multiple advantages exist for using CTC as a CRC screening test:high accuracy,full evaluation of the colon in virtually all patients,non-invasiveness,safety,patient comfort,detection of extracolonic findings and *** main potential drawback of a CTC screening is the exposure to ionizing ***,this is not a major issue,since low-dose protocols are now routinely implemented,delivering a dose comparable or slightly superior to the annual radiation exposure of any *** evidence exists that such a radiation exposure does not induce additional cancers.

关键词： Computed tomography colonography Colon neoplasms Colon polyps Colorectal cancer screening Computed tomography colonography safety Computed tomography colonography accuracy Computed tomography colonography radiation exposure Computed tomography colonography cost-effectiveness

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Tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors and chronic hepatitis C:A comprehensive literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第44期19卷 7867-7873页

作者： Maurizio Pompili marco Biolato Luca Miele Antonio Grieco Department of Internal Medicine Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore 8-00168 Roma Italy

Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)inhibitors are known to increase reactivation of concurrent chronic hepatitis B,but their impact on the hepatitis C virus(HCv)is *** conditions of immunosuppression,such as liver transplantation,typically cause an increase in the rate of HCv *** of TNF-α,a cytokine involved in the apoptotic signaling pathway of hepatocytes infected by HCv,could potentially increase viral *** available clinical data appear to contradict this hypothesis.A review of medical literature revealed that a total of 216 patients with HCv were exposed to one or more treatments with TNF-αinhibitors,with a median observation time of 1.2 years and 260 cumulative patient-years of *** three cases of drug withdrawal due to suspected HCv liver disease recrudescence were *** with TNF-αinhibitors in patients with HCv infection appears to be safe in the short term,but there are insufficient data to assess their long-term *** screening for HCv before beginning treatment with TNF-αinhibitors is currently *** presence of HCv is not a contraindication to therapy with TNF-αinhibitors,with the exception of cirrhotic *** cases of cirrhosis,the benefit/risk ratio should be evaluated at the individual *** to treatment with TNF-αinhibitors,patients with HCv should be referred to a hepatologist to determine the necessity of hepatic disease assessment,using liver biopsy or noninvasive methods,and the potential indication for antiviral *** patients with HCv infection who are treated with TNF-αinhibitors,liver function monitoring every three months is advised.

关键词： Infliximab Etanercept Adalimumab Hepatitis C virus Rheumatoid arthritis Inflammatory bowel disease Psoriasis

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Helicobacter pylori gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and its pathogenic role

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第3期20卷 630-638页

作者： vittorio Ricci Maria Giannouli marco Romano Raffaele Zarrilli Department of Molecular Medicine Human Physiology SectionUniversity of Pavia Medical School Department of Public Health Hygiene SectionUniversity of Naples "Federico Ⅱ" Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Chair of GastroenterologySecond University of Naples CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate

Helicobacter pylori(***)gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT)is a bacterial virulence factor that converts glutamine into glutamate and ammonia,and converts glutathione into glutamate and *** GGT causes glutamine and glutathione consumption in the host cells,ammonia production and reactive oxygen species *** products induce cell-cycle arrest,apoptosis,and necrosis in gastric epithelial *** GGT may also inhibit apoptosis and induce gastric epithelial cell proliferation through the induction of cyclooxygenase-2,epidermal growth factor-related peptides,inducible nitric oxide synthase and *** GGT induces immune tolerance through the inhibition of T cell-mediated immunity and dendritic cell *** effect of GGT on *** colonization and gastric persistence are also discussed.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase Bacterial virulence factor Gastric epithelial cell damage T cell-mediated immunity

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Assessment of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in uncomplicated acute diverticulitis of the colon

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第18期11卷 2773-2776页

作者： Antonio Tursi Giovanni Brandimarte Gian marco Giorgetti Walter Elisei Digestive Endoscopy Unit "Lorenzo Bonomo" Hospital Andria Italy Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology "Cristo Re" Hospital Rome Italy Clinical Nutrition Unit "S. Eugenio" Hospital Rome Italy

AIM: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) maycontribute to the appearance of several gastrointestinal nonspecific symptoms. Acute diverticulitis is affected by some similar symptoms and bacterial colonic overgrowth. We assessed the prevalence of SIBO in acute uncomplicated diverticulitis and evaluated its influence on the clinical course of the ***: We studied 90 consecutive patients (39 males, 51 females, mean age 67.2 years, range 32-91 years). Sixty-one patients (67.78%) and 29 patients (32.22%) were affected by constipation-or diarrhea-prevalent diverticulitis respectively. All subjects were investigated by lactulose H2-breath test at the entry and at the end of treatment. We also studied a control group of 20 healthy subjects (13 males, 7 females, mean age 53 years, range 22-71 years).RESULTS: Oro-cecal transit time (OCTT) was delayed in67/90 patients (74.44%) (range 115-210 min, mean 120 min). Fifty-three of ninety patients (58.88%) showed SIBO, while OCTT was normal in 23/90 patients (25, 56%). In the control group, the mean OCTT was 88.2 min (range 75-135 min). The difference between diverticulitic patients and healthy subjects was statistically significant (P＜0.01). OCTT was longer in constipation-prevalent disease than in diarrheaprevalent disease [180.7 min (range 150-210 min) vs 121 min (range 75-180 min) (P＜0.001)], but no difference in bacterial overgrowth was found between the two forms of *** treatment with rifaximin plus mesalazine for 10 d, followed by mesalazine alone for 8 wk, 70 patients (81.49%) were completely asymptomatic, while 16 patients (18.60%) showed only slight symptoms. Two patients (2.22%) had recurrence of diverticulitis, and two other patients (2.22%) were withdrawn from the study due to side-effects. Seventy-nine of eighty-six patients (91.86%) showed normal OCTT (range 75-105 min, mean 83 min), while OCTT was longer, but it was shorter in the remaining seven (8.14%) patients (range 105-115 min

关键词： Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth Oro-oecal transit time

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Risk of postoperative recurrence and postoperative management of Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第27期17卷 3213-3219页

作者： Antonino Spinelli Matteo Sacchi Gionata Fiorino Silvio Danese marco Montorsi Department and Chair of General Surgery University of MilanIstituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCSVia Manzoni 5620089RozzanoMilanItaly IBD Unit Department of GastroenterologyIstituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCSVia Manzoni 5620089RozzanoMilanItaly

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the digestive tract with systemic manifestations. Etiology is unknown, even if immunological, genetic and environmental factors are involved. The majority of CD patients require surgery during their lifetime due to progressive bowel damage, but, even when all macroscopic lesions have been removed by surgery, the disease recurs in most cases. Postoperative management represents therefore a crucial mean for preventing recurrence. Several drugs and approaches have been proposed to achieve this aim. Endoscopic inspection of the ileocolic anastomosis within 1 year from surgery is widely encouraged, given that endoscopic recurrence is one of the greatest predictors for clinical recurrence. A strategy should be planned only after stratifying patients according to their individual risk of recurrence, avoiding unnecessary therapies when possible benefits are reduced, and selecting high-risk patients for more aggressive intervention.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Recurrence Postoperative treatment Surgery Surveillance

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Analysis of the factors controlling performances of Au-modified TiO2 nanotube array based photoanode in photo-electrocatalytic(PECa)cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2017年第2期26卷 284-294页

作者： Claudio Ampelli Francesco Tavella Chiara Genovese Siglinda Perathoner marco Favaro Gabriele Centi Department of Chemical BiologicalPharmaceutical and Environmental SciencesUniversity of MessinaERIC aisbl and CASPE/INSTMV.le F.Stagno d’Alcontres 3198166 MessinaItaly Department of Chemical Sciences University of Paduavia Marzolo 135136 PaduaItaly Department of Mathematical ComputerPhysical and Earth SciencesUniversity of MessinaERIC aisbl and CASPE/INSTMV.le F.Stagno d’Alcontres 3198166 MessinaItaly Advanced Light Source Joint Center for Artificial PhotosynthesisLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory1 Cyclotron Rd.M/S 30R0205 BerkeleyCA 94720USA.

The efficiency of photo-electrocatalytic（PECa） devices for the production of solar fuels depends on several limiting factors such as light harvesting, charge recombination and mass transport diffusion. We analyse here how they influence the performances in PECa cells having a photo-anode based on Au-modified TiOnanotube（TNT） arrays, with the aim of developing design criteria to optimize the photo-anode and the PECa cell configuration for water photo-electrolysis（splitting） and ethanol photo-reforming *** TNT samples were prepared by controlled anodic oxidation of Ti foils and then decorated with gold nanoparticles using different techniques to enhance the visible light response through heterojunction and plasmonic effects. The activity tests were made in a gas-phase reactor, as well as in a PECa cell without applied bias. Results were analysed in terms of photo-generated current, Hproduction rate and photoconversion efficiency. Particularly, a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 0.83% and a Faradaic efficiency of 91%were obtained without adding sacrificial reagents.

关键词： H2 production Au nanoparticles Solar fuels TiO2 nanotubes Electrodeposition Photoelectrochemical cells(PEC) Solar-to-hydrogen efficiency Anodic oxidation

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Synthesis of two pentaarylated [60]fullerene derivatives Ar_5C_(60)-H (Ar = p-MeC_6H_4, m-MeC_6H_4) and their novel electrochemical properties

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2000年第3期18卷 395-401页

作者：宋礼成刘鹏蹟胡青眉 ZANELLO Piero FONTANI marco Department of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Dipartimento di Chimica dell' Universitd di Siena Via Aldo Moro 53100 Siena Italy

Through one pot reaction of C60 with organocopper/magne-sium reagent ( p - MeQ H4 )2 CuMgBr or ( m - MeC6 H )2 -CuMgBr prepared from CuBr-Me2S and p-MeC6H4MgBr or m-MeC6H4MgBr and subsequent quenching with aqueous NH4Cl, two pentaarylated [60] fullerene derivatives (p-MeC6H4)5C60H (1) and (m-MeC6H4)5C60H (2) have been synthesized in 94% and 96% yields, respectively. While known compound 1 prepared via this improved method is unambiguously identified, new compound 2 is fully characterized by elemental analysis, IR, Uv-vis, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopies. Additionally, electrochemical study shows that the two [60] fullerene derivatives 1 and 2 in dichloromethane solution display two sequential one-electron reductions which are shifted by about 0.4v towards more negative potential values with respect to free C60. Such remarkable cathodic shift is attributed to the multiple breakage of the double-bond conjugation within the fullerene core.

关键词： fullerene pentaarylated derivatives synthesis electrochemical properties

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Old coppice versus high forest:the impact of beech forest management on plant species diversity in central Apennines(italy)

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第2期10卷 271-280页

作者： Andrea Scolastri Laura Cancellieri marco Iocchi Maurizio Cutini Department of Science University of Roma TreV.le Marconi 446Rome 00144Italy

Aims Silvicultural management plays a major role in shaping understory diversity through its action on stand *** many parts of Europe,recent socioeconomic changes have led to the progressive abandonment of coppicing in favor of high forest(HF)*** order to examine how this change impacts understory species,we compared old coppice-with-standards and HF stands in terms of structural features and understory richness and composition,also taking into account the diagnostic species pool of the *** the management systems for coppices and HFs differ in cutting regime,we expect that they would cause different changes in floristic composition and *** The study area was the Montagne della Duchessa massif,in central *** differences and floristic richness were compared,and the diagnostic species diversity was analyzed using rarefaction curves and Rényi diversity *** in understory com-position were analyzed through indicator species *** Findings Our results showed that,though the old coppices have a slightly higher number of understory species in general,the HF stands have greater mean species richness in both understory and diagnostic species,the latter being more evenly distributed inside the *** finding were related to the cut regime,which favor a constant canopy cover over time and thus the maintenance of more stable microclimatic conditions,promoting the higher abundance and evenness of shade-tolerant and vernal ***,the dense canopy of the old coppice appears to affect the understory richness by reducing the presence of light-demanding species,but still without a complete recolonization of the shade-tolerant ***,our findings provide the first insights supporting that,in a Mediterranean montane context,old coppice conversion to HF could over time improve the species diversity in these habitats and help maintain good conservation status of the typical

关键词： diagnostic species habitat directive 92/43 EEC Mediterranean beech forests rarefaction curves Rényi diversity profiles silviculture understory diversity understory richness

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Intelligent speed adaptation for visibility technology affects drivers’speed selection along curves with sight limitations

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第1期11卷 16-27页

作者： Abrar Hazoor Alberto Terrafino Leandro L.Di Stasi marco Bassani Department of Environment Landand Infrastructure EngineeringPolitecnico di TorinoTorino 10129Italy Road Traffic Division Nord UniversityStjørdal 7502Norway Mind Brainand Behavior Research Centre(CIMCYC)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain

Sight obstructions along road curves can lead to a crash if the driver is not able to stop the vehicle in *** is a particular issue along curves with limited available sight,where speed management is necessary to avoid unsafe situations(e.g.,driving off the road or invading the other traffic lane).To solve this issue,we proposed a novel intelligent speed adaptation(ISA)system for visibility,called v-ISA(intelligent speed adaptation for visibility).It estimates the real-time safe speed limits based on the prevailing sight conditions.v-ISA comes with three variants with specific feedback modalities(1)visual and(2)auditory information,and(3)direct intervention to assume control over the vehicle ***,we investigated the efficiency of each of the three v-ISA variants on driving speed choice and lateral behavioural response along road curves with limited and unsafe available sight distances,using a driving *** also considered curve road geometry(curve direction:rightward ***).Sixty active drivers were recruited for the *** half of them(experimental group)tested the three v-ISA variants(and a v-ISA off condition),the other half always drove with the v-ISA off(validation group).We used a linear mixed-effect model to evaluate the influence of v-ISA on driver *** v-ISA variants were efficient at reducing speeds at entrance points,with no discernible negative impact on driver lateral *** rightward curves,the v-ISA intervening variant appeared to be the most effective at adapting to sight *** of the current study implies that v-ISA might assist drivers to adjust their operating speed as per prevailing sight conditions and,consequently,establishes safer driving conditions.

关键词： Sight distance Intelligent speed adaptation Driver behaviour Road safety Driving simulation Advanced driver assistance systems

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Short-term differences in anterior knee pain and clinical outcomes between rotating and fixed platform posterior stabilized total knee arthroplasty with a new femoral component design

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第3期10卷 128-136页

作者： marco Bigoni Nicolò Zanchi marco Turati Gabriele Pirovano Giovanni Zatti Daniele Munegato Orthopedic Department San Gerardo HospitalUniversity of Milano-Bicocca Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Milano-Bicocca Department of Paediatric Orthopedic Surgery University Hospital Grenoble-AlpesGrenoble-Alpes University

AIM To compare rotating versus fixed-bearing Press-Fit Condylar(PFC) Sigma posterior stabilized(PS) total knee arthroplasty(TKA) with the new "J curve"femoral design in terms of clinical outcomes and anterior knee *** We retrospectively analyzed 39 patients who underwent primary total knee replacement surgery for knee osteoarthritis using the PFC Sigma PS TKA with either fixed(FP group, 20 cases) or rotating platform(RP group, 19 cases) treated between 2009 and 2013 by the same surgeon. The two groups were homogeneous for age, gender, weight, American Society of Anesthesiologists status, preoperative clinical and functional scores, and prosthetic alignment at two years after surgery. We analyzed clinical outcomes score at two years follow-up using Knee Society Score(KSS), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score(KOOS),Knee Performance Score, Short Form(SF) 36, and anterior knee pain assessed by the Hospital for Special Surgery(HSS) patellar *** No differences were found in KSS, Knee Performance Score, and SF-36 outcome scores. A statistically significant difference was found in the HSS Patella score objective(FP: 22.36; RP: 28.75; P < 0.05), HSS Patella score total(FP: 73.68; RP:86.50; P < 0.05), and KOOS symptoms(FP: 73.49; RP: 86.44; P < 0.05).CONCLUSION Rotating platform in PFC Sigma PS TKA appears to reduce the short-term incidence of anterior knee pain compared to the fixed platform.

关键词： Total knee arthroplasty Anterior knee pain Rotating platform Gonarthrosis Fixed platform

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