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Comparing the effects of dual-task training and single-task training on walking,balance and cognitive functions in individuals with Parkinson’s disease:A systematic review

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第13期137卷 1535-1543页

作者： Xiaoying Lin Yanming Zhang Xiaowei Zhang Xi Chen Jianhua Liu lei Yang marco Yiu Chung Pang Department of Rehabilitation Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710061China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Second People’s Hospital of KunmingKunmingYunnan 650051China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100000China Department of Physical Therapy China Rehabilitation Research CenterBeijing 100000China Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Background:This systematic review aimed to examine whether dual-task(DT)training was superior to single-task(ST)training in improving DT walking,balance and cognitive functions for individuals with Parkinson’s disease(PD).Methods:Literature search was performed in the following electronic databases:PubMed,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and Metstr covering inception to May 10,*** in order to facilitate comparison across trials,we calculated the effect size(Hedges’g)of gait,balance,cognitive,and other parameters under both ST and DT conditions,using the mean change score and standard deviation(SD)of change score of the experimental and control *** controlled trials that examined the effects of DT motor and cognitive training in individuals with Parkinson’s disease were included for this systematic ***:A total of 214 participants recruited from six articles(actually five trials)were involved in this *** terms of walking ability,only double support time and stride time variability showed significant between-group difference(Hedges’g=0.34,0.18,respectively).Compared to ST training group,DT training group had a more improvement effect in laboratory balance measurement(Hedges’g=0.18,1.25),but no significant improvement in clinical balance *** significant between-group differences were observed,thus its training effect on cognitive function was ***:The DT training failed to achieve promising results better than ST training in improving DT walking and balance functions for individuals with *** firm conclusion cannot be drawn at present,due to the limited number of eligible *** sample size and high-quality studies are needed to investigate the effectiveness of DT training in individuals with PD.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Dual-task training Mobility Cognition Systematic review

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influence of manufacturing process-induced geometrical defects on the energy absorption capacity of polymer lattice structures

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 47-59页

作者： Alexandre Riot Enrico Panettieri Antonio Cosculluela marco Montemurro Universite de Bordeaux Arts et Metiers Institute of TechnologyCNRSINRABordeaux INPHESAM UniversiteI2M UMR 5295F-33405 TalenceFrance French Atomic Energy Commission Route des GargailsCedexF-33114Le BarpFrance

Modern additive manufacturing processes enable fabricating architected cellular materials of complex shape,which can be used for different *** them,lattice structures are increasingly used in applications requiring a compromise among lightness and suited mechanical properties,like improved energy absorption capacity and specific stiffness-to-weight and strength-to-weight ratios.A dedicated modeling strategy to assess the energy absorption capacity of lattice structures under uni-axial compression loading is presented in this *** numerical model is developed in a non-linear framework accounting for the strain rate effect on the mechanical responses of the lattice *** geometries,i.e.,cubic body centered cell,octet cell,rhombic-dodecahedron and truncated cuboctahedron 2+,are ***,the influence of the relative density of the representative volume element of each geometry,the strain-rate dependency of the bulk material and of the presence of the manufacturing process-induced geometrical imperfections on the energy absorption capacity of the lattice structure is *** main outcome of this study points out the importance of correctly integrating geometrical imperfections into the modeling strategy when shock absorption applications are aimed for.

关键词： Lattice structures Architected cellular materials Dynamic simulation Energy absorption Geometrical imperfection Additive manufacturing

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Sex-specifc seasonal variations of wild boar distance traveled and home range size

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 284-290页

作者： Silvia Cavazza Rudy Brogi marco Apollonio Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Sassarivia Vienna 2I-07100 SassariItaly

Distance traveled and home range size describe how animals move in *** seasonal variations of these parameters are important to comprehensively understand animal ecology and its connection with reproductive behavior and energy *** usually estimate the distance traveled as the sum of the straight-line displacements between sampled positions,but this approach is sensitive to the sampling frequency and does not account for the tortuosity of the animal’s *** means of the continuous-time movement modeling which takes into account autocorrelation and tortuosity of movement data,we estimated the distance traveled and monthly home range size of 28 wild boar Sus scrofa and modeled their inter-sexual seasonal *** traveled longer distances and used larger home ranges than females,particularly during the rut in autumn-winter,consistently with the different biological cycles of males and *** enlarged their home ranges during the rut but traveled constant average distances along the year,whereas females traveled shorter distances in correspondence with the peak of food resources and birth periods but exhibited constant home range size across *** differences between the seasonal variation patterns of distance traveled and home range size,observed in both sexes,revealed the complex relationship between these two aspects of spatial behavior and the great opportunity of including both distance traveled and home range size in behavioral ecology *** provided a detailed analysis of wild boar spatial behavior and its relationships with the reproductive cycles of males and females,promoting a deeper comprehension of their behavioral ecology.

关键词： continuous-time ctmm daily range movements spatial behavior Sus scrofa

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Optimal orbit transfer of single-tether E-sail with inertially fixed spin axis

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Astrodynamics 2024年第2期8卷 285-295页

作者： Alessandro A.Quarta marco Bassetto Giovanni Mengali Department of Civil and industrial Engineering University of PisaPisa I-56122Italy

This study analyzes the optimal transfer trajectory of a spacecraft propelled by a spinstabilized electric solar wind sail(E-sail)with a single conducting tether and a spin axis with a fixed direction in an inertial(heliocentric)reference *** approach proposed in this study is useful for rapidly analyzing the optimal transfer trajectories of the current generation of small spacecraft designed to obtain in-situ evidence of the E-sail propulsion *** this context,starting with the recently proposed thrust model for a single-tether E-sail,this study discusses the optimal control law and performance in a typical two-dimensional interplanetary transfer by considering the(binary)state of the onboard electron emitter as the single control *** resulting spacecraft heliocentric trajectory is a succession of Keplerian arcs alternated with propelled arcs,that is,the phases in which the electron emitter is switched *** particular,numerical simulations demonstrated that a single-tether E-sail with an inertially fixed spin axis can perform a classical mission scenario as a circle-to-circle two-dimensional transfer by suitably varying a single control parameter.

关键词： electric solar wind sail(E-sail) single conducting tether fixed inertial spin axis trajectory optimization circle-to-circle coplanar transfer

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Friction and wear performance of polyether ether ketone(PEEK)polymers in three lubrication regimes

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 670-682页

作者： Davide MASSOCCHi Nora LECiS marco LATTUADA Davide SCAGLiA Steven CHATTERTON Paolo PENNACCHi Department of Mechanical Engineering Politecnico di MilanoMilan 20156Italy Eni SpA Downstream product R&DLombardia 20097Italy Eurobearings S.R.L. Lombardia 29016Italy

This experimental study investigates the friction and wear of three coatings commonly used in industrial applications,particularly in hydrodynamic *** three materials under investigation were Babbitt,polyether ether ketone(PEEK)reinforced with 15%carbon fibers,and PEEK reinforced with 20%carbon *** first polymer material was extruded,while the other was produced by fused deposition modelling(FDM).The materials were subjected to sliding tests in a pin-on-disc configuration,with a steel ball serving as the counter *** tests were conducted at room temperature,with a load of 10 N and under three different lubrication conditions:dry,grease,and *** linear speed was set at 0.3 m/s for the dry and semi-solid lubrication tests,while for the oil tests,the speed was set at 0.25 m/*** greases used had consistency grades of NGLi 000 and NGLi *** iSO VG 68 circulation oil was used for the oil lubrication ***,thermodynamic analyses were performed under the most severe conditions(i.e.,dry)to investigate the steel-Babbitt and steel-PEEK contact.

关键词： hydrodynamic bearings polyether ether ketone(PEEK)polymers additive manufacturing grease lubrication sliding oil lubrication ball-on-disk tribology

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Dewatering of Scenedesmus obliquus Cultivation Substrate with Microfiltration:Potential and Challenges for Water Reuse and Effective Harvesting

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 155-163页

作者： marco Malaguti Lorenzo Craveri Francesco Ricceri Vincenzo Riggio Mariachiara Zanetti Alberto Tiraferri Department of Environment Land and Infrastructure EngineeringPolitecnico di TorinoTorino 10129Italy Clean Water Center Politecnico di TorinoTorino 10129Italy

in the microalgae harvesting process,which includes a step for dewatering the algal suspension,directly reusing extracted water in situ would decrease the freshwater footprint of cultivation *** various algae harvesting techniques,membrane-based filtration has shown numerous *** study evaluated the reuse of permeate streams derived from Scenedesmus obliquus(***)biomass filtration under bench-scale and pilot-scale *** particular,this study identified a series of challenges and mechanisms that influence the water reuse potential and the robustness of the membrane harvesting *** a preliminary phase of this investigation,the health status of the initial biomass was found to have important implications for the harvesting performance and quality of the permeate stream to be reused;healthy biomass ensured better dewatering performance(i.e.,higher water fluxes)and higher quality of the permeate water streams.A series of bench-scale filtration experiments with different combinations of cross-flow velocity and pressure values were performed to identify the operative conditions that would maximize water *** selected conditions,2.4 m·s^(-1)and 1.4 bar(1 bar=105 Pa),respectively,were then applied to drive pilot-scale microfiltration tests to reuse the collected permeate as a new cultivation medium for *** growth in a pilot-scale *** investigation revealed key differences between the behavior of the membrane systems at the two scales(bench and pilot).it indicated the potential for beneficial reuse of the permeate stream as the pilot-scale experiments ensured high harvesting performance and growth rates of biomass in permeate water that were highly similar to those recorded in the ideal cultivation ***,different nutrient reintegration protocols were investigated,revealing that both macro-and micro-nutrient levels are critical for the success of the reuse approach.

关键词： Scenedesmus obliquus Microfiltration Permeate reuse Harvesting Microalgae Pilot-scale

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Urbanization does not affect red foxes’interest in anthropogenic food,but increases their initial cautiousness

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 394-405页

作者： Martina Lazzaroni Rudy Brogi Valentina Napolitano marco Apollonio Friederike Range Sarah Marshall-Pescini Domestication Laboratory Konrad Lorenz Institute of EthologyUniversity of Veterinary MedicineVienna A-1160Austria Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Sassarivia Vienna 2I-07100 SassariItaly

Human presence and activities have profoundly altered animals’habitats,exposing them to greater risks but also providing new opportunities and *** animals’capacity to effectively navigate and strike a balance between risks and benefts is crucial for their survival in the Anthropocene *** foxes(Vulpes vulpes),adept urban dwellers,exhibit behavioral plasticity in human-altered *** investigated variations in detection frequency on trail cameras and the behavioral responses(explorative,bold,and fearful)of wild red foxes living along an urbanization gradient when exposed to a metal bin initially presented clean and then flled with anthropogenic *** fox populations displayed an increased interest and similar explorative behavioral responses toward the anthropogenic food source,irrespective of the urbanization *** no impact on explorative behaviors,foxes in more urbanized areas initially showed heightened fear toward the empty bin,indicating increased apprehension toward novel ***,this fear diminished over time,and in the presence of food,urban foxes displayed slightly reduced fear compared with their less urban *** results highlight foxes’potential for adaptability to human landscapes,additionally underscoring the nuanced interplay of fear and explorative behavioral response of populations living along the urbanization gradient.

关键词： anthropization bold explorative fearful human footprint Vulpes vulpes

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Unlocking the versatile potential:Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in ocular surface reconstruction and oculoplastics

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第2期16卷 89-101页

作者： Pier Luigi Surico Anna Scarabosio Giovanni Miotti Martina Grando Carlo Salati Pier Camillo Parodi Leopoldo Spadea marco Zeppieri Schepens Eye Research institute of Mass Eye and Ear Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States Department of Ophthalmology Campus Bio-Medico UniversityRome 00128Italy Department of Plastic Surgery University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Department of internal Medicine Azienda Sanitaria Friuli OccidentaleSan Vito al Tagliamento 33078Italy Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Eye Clinic Policlinico Umberto I“Sapienza”University of RomeRome 00142Italy

This review comprehensively explores the versatile potential of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)with a specific focus on adipose-derived *** and oculoplastic surgery,encompassing diverse procedures for ocular and periocular enhancement,demands advanced solutions for tissue restoration,functional and aesthetic refinement,and *** immunomodulatory,regenerative,and healing capacities of MSCs,this review underscores the potential use of adipose-derived MSCs as a cost-effective alternative from bench to bedside,addressing common unmet needs in the field of reconstructive and regenerative surgery.

关键词： Stem cells Adipose stem cell Ocular therapy Oculoplastics Regenerative

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increased CO2 Levels during the First Half of incubation at High Altitude Modifies Embryonic Development of Fertile Leghorn Breeder Eggs

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 524-547页

作者： marco A. Juárez-Estrada Erik i. López-Ruiz Sonia López-Cordova Guillermo Tellez-isaias Omar F. Prado-Rebolledo Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico Ciudad de Mxico Mxico Department of Poultry Science Division of Agriculture University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad de Colima Tecomn Mxico

The exchange of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) within an incubator has a significant impact on embryonic development (ED) and hatching processes. This study examines the influence of non-ventilation (NV) conditions during the first ten days of incubation at high altitudes on Leghorn hens hatching eggs. Five hundred four hatching eggs were equally divided into three treatment groups and placed in twelve incubators (R = 4). The first group was subjected to standard ventilated conditions (V) during the setting phase. The ventilation inlet holes of the remaining incubators in the NV treatments were closed with either micropore (M) or polypropylene (P) tape, referred to as NVM and NVP groups, respectively. These two different airtight settings were intended to allow for a gradual rise in CO2 naturally generated by the embryos. Results indicate that carbon dioxide concentration gradually increased during the first half of incubation, reaching 1.42% in the NVM group and 1.20% in the NVP group, while the V condition group remained at 0.15%. From 10 days of incubation onwards, normal V conditions were restored in all incubators. The highest hatchability of fertile eggs (HFE) was shown by the NVP group (55.7%), followed by the V (52.6%) and NVM (38.6%) groups. The NVP group showed a greater yolk-free body mass (YFBM) from 10 days of incubation until the hatch basket transfer. NV conditions during the first 10 days of incubation at high altitude produced higher YFBM with gradually decreasing yolk sac mass. in comparison to the NVM and V conditions, the particular NVP condition showed a beneficial impact on the quality of hatched chicks. Sustaining NVP condition (1.2% of CO2) throughout the first half of incubation at high altitude generated the optimal environment in the incubator ensuring the best hatchability results. This study highlights how important it is for hatchery managers to recognize the influence of low O2 and high levels of CO2 on the development trajectori

关键词： Non-Ventilation Hypercapnia Hypoxia Egg Mass Loss Hatchability Embryonic Mortality Hatchling Chick Quality

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Research foresight in bridging open science and open innovation:Overview based on the complex thinking paradigm

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international Journal of innovation Studies 2024年第1期8卷 59-75页

作者： Jorge Sanabria-Z marco Cruz-Sandoval Athziri Moreno-Romo Sofía Bosch-Gómez María Soledad Ramírez-Montoya institute for the Future of Education Tecnologico de MonterreyZapopan45201Mexico Central Bohemian innovation Center(SiC) PragueCzech Republic The Burnes Center for Social Change Northeastern UniversityBostonMA02115USA institute for the Future of Education Tecnologico de MonterreyMonterrey64700Mexico

Open innovation benefits from access to cutting-edge discoveries to increase their transformation into tangible applications for the benefit of *** research quality has been proposed as a primary objective of open science by the United Nations,to increase science reproducibility,impact,and trust,leading to robust decision-making and ***,opening access to data and processes is insufficient for researchers to achieve open innovation in the context of globalization,for example,by gathering insights from external and internal *** the appropriate mindset to manage complexity and generate synergy among researchers in academia,industry,and the government is essential to catalyze knowledge and transform it into relevant innovations for *** gain insights into the roles and challenges of researchers aiming to bridge the gap between open science and open innovation,a decade-plus Mapping Literature Review was conducted based on the complex thinking *** thinking allows for novel connections of the information collected through open science and open innovation,considering different forms of engaging with alternative means of knowledge creation that may promote innovative and critical *** findings revealed:a)broad positioning of the terms in the European Union;b)open access and open data as current driving themes;c)a constant trade-off between the terms“open data”and“information protection”;d)lack of studies on researchers’complex thinking to help them manage openness;e)absence of the environmental helix in the initiatives;and(f)challenges in innovative communication and collaborative practices among public and private ***,we identified an opportunity to develop researchers’complex thinking such that the openness of information becomes a shared responsibility among partners across multiple *** shared responsibility can have methodological implications that permeate how open science and ope

关键词： Open innovation Open science Complex thinking Ecosystems Research enhancement Educational innovation Higher education

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