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Odorants could elicit repair processes in melanized neuronal and skin cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第9期12卷 1401-1404页

作者： barbara Pavan Alessandro Dalpiaz Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology University of Ferrara Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Ferrara

The expression of ectopic olfactory receptors （ORs） in melanized cells, such as the human brain nigrostri- atal dopaminergic neurons and skin melanocytes, is here pointed out. ORs are recognized to regulate skin melanogenesis, whereas OR expression in the dopaminergic neurons, characterized by accumulation of pigment neuromelanin, is downregulated in Parkinson＇s disease. Furthermore, the correlation between the pigmentation process and the dopamine pathway through ct-synuclein expression is also highlighted. Purposely, these ORs are suggested as therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases related to the pig- mentation disorders. Based on this evidence, a possible way of turning odorants into drugs, acting on three specific olfactory receptors, OR51E2, OR2AT4 and VN1R1, is thus introduced. Various odorous molecules are shown to interact with these ORs and their therapeutic potential against melanogenic and neurodegen- erative dysfunctions, including melanoma and Parkinson＇s disease, is suggested. Finally, a direct functional link between olfactory and endocrine systems in human brain through VNIR1 is proposed, helping to counteract female susceptibility to Parkinson＇s disease in quiescent life.

关键词： OR51E2 OR2AT4 VN1R1 melanoma Parkinson's disease β-ionone sandalore hedione

Vibrationally resolved optical excitations of the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2258-2266页

作者： Yu Jin marco Govoni Giulia Galli Department of Chemistry University of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering University of ChicagoChicagoIL60637USA Materials Science Division and Center for Molecular Engineering Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL60439USA

A comprehensive description of the optical cycle of spin defects in solids requires the understanding of the electronic and atomistic structure of states with different spin multiplicity,including singlet states which are particularly challenging from a theoretical *** present a general framework,based on spin-flip time-dependent density function theory,to determine the excited state potential energy surfaces of the many-body singlet states of spin defects;we then predict the vibrationally resolved absorption spectrum between singlet shelving states of a prototypical defect,the nitrogen-vacancy center in *** results,which are in very good agreement with experiments,provide an interpretation of the measured spectra and reveal the key role of specific phonons in determining absorption processes,and the notable influence of non-adiabatic *** insights gained from our calculations may be useful in defining strategies to improve infrared-absorption-based magnetometry and optical pumping *** theoretical framework developed here is general and applicable to a variety of other spin defects and materials.

关键词： vacancy resolved singlet

Two-Layer High-Throughput:Effective Mass Calculations Including Warping

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Engineering 2022年第3期8卷 74-80页

作者： Andrew Supka Nicholas A.Mecholsky marco Buongiorno Nardelli Stefano Curtarolo marco Fornari Department of Physics&Science of Advanced Materials Program Central Michigan UniversityMount PleasantMI 48859USA Department of Physics&Vitreous State Laboratory The Catholic University of AmericaWashingtonDC 20064USA Department of Physics&Department of Chemistry University of North TexasDentonTX 76203USA Center for Autonomous Materials Design Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

In this paper,we perform two-layer high-throughput *** the first layer,which involves changing the crystal structure and/or chemical composition,we analyze selected Ⅲ-Ⅴ semiconductors,filled and unfilled skutterudites,as well as rock salt and layered *** second layer searches the full Brillouin zone(BZ)for critical points within 1.5 eV(1 eV=1.602176×10^(-19)J)of the Fermi level and characterizes those points by computing the effective *** introduce several methods to compute the effective masses from first principles and compare them to each *** approach also includes the calculation of the density-of-states effective masses for warped critical points,where traditional approaches fail to give consistent results due to an underlying non-analytic behavior of the critical *** demonstrate the need to consider the band structure in its full complexity and the value of complementary approaches to compute the effective *** also provide computational evidence that warping occurs only in the presence of degeneracies.

关键词： High-throughput Electronic structure Band warping Effective mass

Seismic protection of frame structures via semi-active control:modeling and implementation issues

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2009年第4期8卷 627-645页

作者： Vincenzo Gattulli marco Lepidi Francesco Potenza Dipartimento di Ingegneria delle Strutture delle Acque e del TerrenoUniversità dell'Aquila

Theoretical and practical issues concerning the multi-faceted task of mitigating the latero-torsional seismic response of a prototypal frame structure with asymmetric mass distribution are approached, Chevron braces with embedded magnetorheological dampers acting on the interstory drift are used to ensure additional energy dissipation. The semi-active control strategy employed to govern the modification of the damper characteristics via feedback is based on the selection of optimal forces according to a H2/LQG criterion, with respect to which the actual forces are regulated by a clipped-optimal logic. A dynamic observer is used to estimate the state through a non-collocated placement of the acceleration sensors. Several aspects to be addressed throughout the complex process including the design, modelization, and implementation phases of semi-active protection systems are discussed. Finally, experimental results obtained to mitigate the motion induced by ground excitation in a large-scale laboratory prototype, simulating the seismic response of a two-story building, are summarized.

关键词： seismic protection: flame structures semi-active control magnetorheological damper

Geographic information technology usage in developing countries – A case study in Mozambique

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2018年第4期21卷 331-345页

作者： Nelson Amade marco Painho Tiago Oliveira Universidade Catolica de Mocambique BeiraMozambique Nova Information Management School Universidade Nova de LisboaLisboaPortugal

Geographic information technologies(GIT)have matured,have become pervasive throughout many types of organizations over recent decades and gained a wide range of attention in diverse sectors of *** goal of this paper is to identify the main drivers and uses of GIT in organizations and to give an overview of GIT uses in developing countries with a focus on a case study developed for Mozambique by analyzing the results of a survey of 123 Mozambican organizations that are current GIT *** results show that the main drivers behind are compatibility,complexity,competitive pressure,donor pressure,government policy,intention to adopt,innovation,relative advantage,security,and technology *** of the public and private sectors use GIT for customer/resource/risk management,decision support,education,research,monitoring,prediction,simulation,suitability analysis,sustainability,use and access.

关键词： Geographic information technologies organizations remote sensing GPS geographic information systems Mozambique

Laparoscopic resection for incidentally detected Meckel diverticulum

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第31期14卷 4961-4963页

作者： Davide Bona Luigi Stefano Schipani marco Nencioni barbara Rubino Luigi Bonavina Department of Surgery IRCCS Policlinico San Donato University of Milan Milano 20137 Italy Pathology Unit Istituto Clinico Sant’Ambrogio Milano 20137 Italy

The management of Meckel diverticulum found un-expectedly during an abdominal operation remains controversial. Most published reports have included only patients undergoing diverticulectomy or bowel resection through laparotomy. We report a case of a carcinoid tumor in a Meckel’s diverticulum which was incidentally detected and removed during laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. Although there is no compelling evidence in the literature to recommend prophylactic diverticulectomy, laparoscopic stapled resection repre-sents a viable and safe approach in healthy individuals undergoing elective surgery for other purposes.

关键词： Laparoscopy Incidental findings Meckel's diverticulum Carcinoid tumor

Inverse design of truss lattice materials with superior buckling resistance

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2361-2372页

作者： marco Maurizi Chao Gao Filippo Berto Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)Trondheim7491Norway

Manipulating the architecture of materials to achieve optimal combinations of properties(inverse design)has always been the dream of materials scientists and *** represent an efficient way to obtain lightweight yet strong materials,providing a high degree of *** massive research has been done on lattice architectures,the inverse design problem of complex phenomena(such as structural instability)has remained *** deep neural network and genetic algorithm,we provide a machine-learning-based approach to inverse-design non-uniformly assembled *** basic building blocks,our approach allows us to independently control the geometry and topology of periodic and aperiodic *** an example,we inverse-design lattice architectures with superior buckling performance,outperforming traditional reinforced grid-like and bio-inspired lattices by~30–90%and 10–30%,*** results provide insights into the buckling behavior of beam-based lattices,opening an avenue for possible applications in modern structures and infrastructures.

关键词： buckling inverse lattice

EVOKE： A VALUE-DRIVEN CONCEPT SELECTION METHOD FOR EARLY SYSTEM DESIGN

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2018年第1期27卷 46-77页

作者： marco Bertoni Alessandro Bertoni Ola Isaksson GKN Aerospace Sweden AB Trollhättan Sweden

The development of new technologically advanced products requires the contribution from a range of skills and disciplines, which are often difficult to fred within a single company or organization. Requirements establishment practices in Systems Engineering （SE）, while ensuring coordination of activities and tasks across the supply network, fall short when it comes to facilitate knowledge sharing and negotiation during early system design. Empirical observations show that when system-level requirements are not available or not mature enough, engineers dealing with the development of long lead-time sub-systems tend to target local optima, rather than opening up the design space. This phenomenon causes design teams to generate solutions that do not embody the best possible configuration for the overall system. The aim of this paper is to show how methodologies for value-driven design may address this issue, facilitating early stage design iterations and the resolution of early stage design trade-offs. The paper describes how such methodologies may help gathering and dispatching relevant knowledge about the ＇design intent＇ of a system to the cross-functional engineering teams, so to facilitate a more concurrent process for requirement elicitation in SE. The paper also describes EVOKE （Early Value Oriented design exploration with KnowledgE maturity）, a concept selection method that allows benchmarking design options at sub-system level on the base of value-related information communicated by the system integrators. The use of EVOKE is exemplified in an industrial case study related to the design of an aero-engine component. EVOKE＇s ability to raise awareness on the value contribution of early stage design concepts in the SE process has been further verified with industrial practitioners in ad-hoc design episodes.

关键词： Requirements elicitation concept selection systems engineering value-driven design,decision-making knowledge maturity

A probabilistic model to evaluate the effectiveness of main solutions to COVID-19 spreading in university buildings according to proximity and time-based consolidated criteria

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Building Simulation 2021年第6期14卷 1795-1809页

作者： marco D'Orazio Gabriele Bernardini Enrico Quagliarini Department of Construction Civil Engineering and ArchitectureUniversita Politecnica delle Marchevia Brecce Blanche 60131 AnconaItaly

University buildings are one of the most relevant closed environments in which the COVID-19 event clearly pointed out stakeholders'needs toward safety issues,especially because of the possibility of day-to-day presences of the same users(***,teachers)and overcrowding causing long-lasting contacts with possible"infectors".While waiting for the vaccine,as for other public buildings,policy-makers’measures to limit virus outbreaks combine individual’s strategies(facial masks),occupants,capacity and access ***,up to now,no easy-to-apply tools are available for assessing the punctual effectiveness of such *** fill this gap,this work proposes a quick and probabilistic simulation model based on consolidated proximity and exposure-time-based rules for virus transmission confirmed by international health *** building occupancy is defined according to university scheduling,identifying the main"attraction areas"in the building(classrooms,break-areas).Scenarios are defined in terms of occupants’densities and the above-mentioned mitigation *** model is calibrated on experimental data and applied to a relevant university *** demonstrate the model *** particular,it underlines that if such strategies are not combined,the virus spreading can be limited by only using high protection respiratory devices(***3)by almost every *** the contrary,the combination between access control and building capacity limitation can lead to the adoption of lighter protective devices(*** masks),thus improving the feasibility,users'comfort and favorable *** rules to combine acceptable mask filters-occupants,density are thus provided to help stakeholders in organizing users'presences in the building during the pandemic.

关键词： simulation model closed built environment building occupancy crowd models proximity exposure COVID-19