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Diabetes Mellitus and Colorectal Neoplasia

Journal of Cancer Therapy 2012年第6期3卷 859-865页

作者： Alejandro Acevedo Yaritza Diaz Cynthia M. Perez Maria Garau John Baron marcia cruz-correa Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Graduate School of Public Health Medical Sciences Campus University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico Department of Medicine Community and Family Medicine Dartmouth Medical School Dartmouth US Department of Medicine Community and Family Medicine Dartmouth Medical School Hanover USA Department of Medicine School of Medicine University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center San Juan Puerto Rico

Background: Many studies have provided evidence for an association between obesity, physical inactivity, and western diet as risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC). Few studies directly address the association between type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and the risk of colorectal lesions at specific anatomic locations. Methods: 2663 subjects with a previous history of adenoma (s) and removal of all current adenomas at study entry were followed for a mean time of three years across three different chemoprevention clinical trials. The primary endpoint was colorectal adenoma recurrence and number of lesions during the treatment phase;the secondary endpoints were presence of advanced colorectal neoplasia (CRN) and location of CRN. Using log linear regression, the effect of DM status on the relative risk (RR) of CRN recurrence, advanced CRN, and location of CRN was assessed. Results: DM status was not significantly associated with incidence of colorectal adenomas, incidence of advanced colorectal lesions, or left-sided colorectal neoplastic lesions. Subjects with DM had a marginally increased risk of right-sided (p = 0.06) colorectal adenomas and a significant increased risk of multiple right-sided adenomas (p = 0.03) in the unadjusted model;this association was not significant after adjusting for age and other potential confounders (RR = 1.22, 95% CI: 0.85 - 1.76). Conclusion: We did not observe a statistically significant increased risk in CRN recurrence for overall neoplasia, advanced neoplasia or location of neoplasia in individuals with DM compared to non-DM individuals. However, given the patterns observed in this investigation, future studies with longer follow-up time and longer DM exposure, incorporating objective measurements of type 2 DM might help elucidate the risk of CRN among individuals with DM.

关键词： Diabetes Mellitus Colorectal Neoplasia Colorectal Adenomas Chemoprevention

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Prevalence and features of colorectal lesions among Hispanics: A hospital-based study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第46期21卷 13095-13100页

作者： Hassan Ashktorab Adeyinka O Laiyemo Edward Lee marcia cruz-correa Amita Ghuman Mehdi Nouraie Hassan Brim Gastroenterology Division and Cancer Center Pathology DepartmentHoward University College of Medicine

AIM: To evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of colorectal adenoma and carcinoma in an inner city Hispanic ***: We reviewed the reports of 1628 Hispanic patients who underwent colonoscopy at Howard University from 2000 to 2010. Advanced adenoma was defined as adenoma ≥ 1 cm in size,adenomas with villous histology,high grade dysplasia and/or invasive cancer. Statistical analysis was performed using χ2 statistics and ***: The median age of the patients was 54 years,64.2% were females. Polyps were observed in 489(30.0%) of patients. Adenoma prevalence was 16.8%(n = 273),advanced adenoma 2.4%(n = 39),and colorectal cancer 0.4%(n = 7). Hyperplastic polyps were seen in 6.6% of the cohort(n = 107). Adenomas predominantly exhibited a proximal colonic distribution(53.7%,n = 144); while hyperplastic polyps were mostly located in the distal colon(70%,n = 75). Among 11.7%(n = 191) patients who underwent screening colonoscopy,the prevalence of colorectal lesions was 21.4% adenoma,2.6% advanced adenoma; and 8.3% hyperplastic ***: Our data showed low colorectal cancer prevalence among Hispanics in the Washington DC area. However,the pre-neoplastic pattern of colonic lesions in Hispanics likely points toward a shift in this population that needs to be monitored closely through large epidemiological studies.

关键词： Colon Rectum Adenoma Carcinoma Hispanics

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Fecal calprotectin and endoscopic scores: The cornerstones in clinical practice for evaluating mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第24期30卷 3022-3035页

作者： marcia Henriques de Magalhães Costa Ligia Yukie Sassaki Júlio Maria Fonseca Chebli Department of Clinical Medicine Fluminense Federal UniversityRio de Janeiro 24210-200Brazil Department of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University(Unesp)Botucatu 18618-686São PauloBrazil Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity Hospital of The Federal University of Juiz de ForaUniversity of Juiz de Fora School of MedicineJuiz de Fora 36036-247Minas GeraisBrazil

Managing inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is becoming increasingly complex and personalized,considering the advent of new advanced therapies with distinct mechanisms of *** mucosal healing(MH)is a pivotal therapeutic goal in IBD management and can prevent IBD progression and reduce flares,hospitalization,surgery,intestinal damage,and colorectal *** proactive disease and therapy assessment is essential to achieve better control of intestinal inflammation,even if subclinical,to alter the natural course of *** monitoring of fecal calprotectin(FC)levels and interval endoscopic evaluations are cornerstones for evaluating response/remission to advanced therapies targeting IBD,assessing MH,and detecting subclinical ***,we comment on the article by Ishida et al Moreover,this editorial aimed to review the role of FC and endoscopic scores in predicting MH in patients with ***,we intend to present some evidence on the role of these markers in future targets,such as histological and transmural *** prospective multicenter studies with a stricter MH criterion,standardized endoscopic and histopathological analyses,and virtual chromoscopy,potentially including artificial intelligence and other biomarkers,are desired.

关键词： Fecal calprotectin Endoscopic scores Mucosal healing Histological healing Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel diseases

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AI新时代面向文化遗产活化利用的智慧数据生成路径探析

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中国图书馆学报 2024年第2期50卷 4-29页

作者：范炜曾蕾四川大学公共管理学院信息资源管理系美国肯特州立大学信息学院

生成式人工智能引爆AI新时代，新技术不断涌现并快速迭代更新，AI技术应用呈现出百花齐放、百家争鸣的繁荣发展局面。借助AI发展东风，智慧数据的生成进入了高效、深化、多模态集成的新阶段，提升了数据驱动的文化遗产活化利用创新手段... 详细信息

生成式人工智能引爆AI新时代，新技术不断涌现并快速迭代更新，AI技术应用呈现出百花齐放、百家争鸣的繁荣发展局面。借助AI发展东风，智慧数据的生成进入了高效、深化、多模态集成的新阶段，提升了数据驱动的文化遗产活化利用创新手段和创新形式的丰富度与可行性。本文旨在探索面向文化遗产活化利用的智慧数据生成路径。首先，从AI技术视角，对文化遗产智慧数据的内涵与价值进行回顾并知新；其次，系统分析从多元异构数据资源中生成智慧数据的典型做法；再次，以羌年为例，探讨非遗活态文化的智慧数据生成思路。最后，总结归纳AI赋能文化遗产智慧数据生成路径的四点参考策略：(1)抓住AI赋能机遇，补齐数据基础设施短板，加强数据资源体系建设；(2)尽快开展馆藏数据资源的“大语言模型+知识库”结合工作，实现智能分析与计算增强；(3)鼓励更广泛的文化遗产数据开放与共享，支持活化利用的创新应用；(4)确保可信的智慧数据。图3。表1。参考文献68。

关键词：人工智能文化遗产活化利用智慧数据生成路径

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Comparison between Care Strategies for Patients with Osteoarthritis of the Hands Based on the Use of Joint Protection, Assistive Technology and Exercises

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第7期14卷 295-311页

作者： Daniele dos Santos Scarcella Talita Dias da Silva Victoria Yanara Hernandes da Silva Maria Cândida de Miranda Luzo Selma Lancman marcia Uchoa de Rezende Carlos Bandeira de Mello Monteiro Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia Hospital das Clnicas HCFMUSP Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de So Paulo So Paulo Brazil Programa de Ps-Graduao em Cincias da Reabilitao Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de So Paulo So Paulo Brazil Escola de Artes Cincias e Humanidades Universidade de So Paulo So Paulo Brazil

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disabling disease that can affect 6% to 12% of the adult population and more than a third of people over 65 years of age. Purpose: To assess whether a group of people with hand osteoarthritis (hOA) who received different types of treatment improved their function after two years of follow-up. Method: The entire sample (n = 97) underwent three follow-up assessments regarding anthropometric parameters of the upper limbs and ability to perform functional activities. Subsequently, the sample was divided into two groups for the intervention periods, called the First Period (n = 73) and the Second Period (n = 24);the First Period kept the same protocol with orientations, and the Second Period went to an intervention with orientation strength exercises and use of orthosis. Findings: In the separate analysis of the three questions of the DASH pain module, no differences were found between the assessment moments for groups of guidelines, treatment, or symptoms. Significant effects were observed for F(2, 162) = 3.5, p = 0.033, η2 = 0.04, and interaction for moments and intervention F(2, 162) = 4.3, p = 0.016, η2 = 0.05. Implications: It can be concluded that only guidance treatment does not benefit patients with hand osteoarthritis. In contrast, guidance, exercise, and orthosis treatment can significantly improve the disease.

关键词： Hand Osteoarthritis Hand Deformities Occupational Therapy

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Climate Intervention: Possible Impacts on Global Security and Resilience

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Engineering 2016年第1期2卷 50-51页

作者： marcia McNutt Science Journals

Climate change is no longer a future possibility： There is already ample evidence that conditions are changing. Sea level is rising at increasing rates [1 ], storms are becoming more intense [2], and communities that have depended on meltwater runoff from snow- pack are running short of water during the dry seasont. As difficult as it might be for a human population of more than seven billion to adapt to these changing conditions, potentially more worrisome is the destabilizing effects of refugees from drought, floods, and rising seas. For example, a multiyear drought in the Middle East has been implicated as a contributing factor in the current civil war in Syria [3 ].

关键词：气候变化海平面上升弹性安全中东地区叙利亚融水干旱

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Floor dust erosion during early stages of coal dust explosion development

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第6期29卷 825-830页

作者： marcia L.Harris Michael J.Sapko Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Pittsburgh Mining Research Division (PMRD)

An ignition of methane and air can generate enough air flow to raise mixtures of combustible coal and rock *** expanding high temperature combustion products ignite the suspended dust mixture and will continue to propagate following the available combustible fuel *** the concentration of the dispersed rock dust is sufficient,the flame will stop ***-scale explosion tests were conducted within the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)Lake Lynn Experimental Mine(LLEM)to measure the dynamic pressure history and the post-explosion dust scour *** aim of this effort is to provide quantitative data on depth of dust removal during the early stages of explosion development and its relationship to the depth of floor dust collected for assessing the incombustible content most likely to participate in the combustion *** experimental work on dust removal on is not only important for coal mine safety but also for industrial dust explosions.

关键词： Underground Coal dust Explosion Dust sampling

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Smart Data for Digital Humanities

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2017年第1期2卷 1-12页

作者： marcia Lei Zeng School of Library & Information Science Kent State University Kent Ohio OH 44240 USA

The emergence of ＂Big Data＂ has been a dramatic development in recent years. Alongside it, a lesser-known but equally important set of concepts and practices has also come into being--＂Smart Data.＂ This paper shares the author＇s understanding of what, why, how, who, where, and which data in relation to Smart Data and digital humanities. It concludes that, challenges and opportunities co-exist, but it is certain that Smart Data, the ability to achieve big insights from trusted, contextualized, relevant, cognitive, predictive, and consumable data at any scale, will continue to have extraordinary value in digital humanities.

关键词： Smart Data for Digital Humanities

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Feruloylation in Grasses： Current and Future Perspectives

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Molecular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 861-872页

作者： marcia M. de O. Buanafinat Department of Biology 208 Mueller Laboratory Pennsylvania University University Park PA 16802 USA

In the cell walls of forage grasses, ferulic acid is esterified to arabinoxylans and participates with lignin monomers in oxidative coupling pathways to generate ferulate-polysaccharide-lignin complexes that cross-link the cell wall. The accumulation of ferulates and the cross-linking of arabinoxylans via diferulate esters are hypothesized to function in various processes in plants. The specific roles of arabinoxylan feruloylation as well as the nature, cellular localization, and substrate for arabinoxylans feruloylation of cell walls are reviewed. The various approaches that have been used for assessing the specific roles of feruloylation are described and assessed. I argue that, until recently, the specific role of feruloylation in these various processes has been established largely by indirect experiments and, although these studies reached similar conclusions about the potential importance of wall feruloylation, they suffer from a common problem： namely they depend on correlations between two processes and do not stem from a detailed understanding of the mechanisms of feruloylation. I also argue that the nature of arabinoxylan feruloylation remains uncertain.

关键词： Cell wall feruloylation ferulic acid cross-link dehydrodiferulate grasses.

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Changes in potential mammal diversity in national parks and their implications for conservation

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Current Zoology 2018年第6期64卷 671-679页

作者： Alba ESTRADA A.marcia BARBOSA Raimundo REAL Biogeography Diversity and Conservation LabDepartment of Animal BiologyUniversidad de MalagaSpain Research Unit of Biodiversity (UMIB UO-CSIC-PA)Oviedo Univ.-Campus MieresSpain CIBIO/InBIO-University of Evora Portugal

Observed species richness (OSR)is a widely used and well-studied biodiversity ***, non-observed species in favorable ecosystems are also *** metrics that include observed and potential species were recently defined:potential biodiversity (hereafter potential species richness--PSR)and geometric mean of favorabilities (GMF).We used these metrics to evaluate the national park network of mainland Spain at two time periods (2002 and 2015),using terrestrial mammals on a UTM 100-km^2 *** and GMF are based on the favorability function, a species distribution model that assesses how favorable an area is for the presence of a species, over and above its prevalence in the study *** each park and for the whole network,we calculated the mean and sum of OSR,PSR,and GMF in each time period,as well as changes between *** and PSR were higher inside than outside the park network in both time periods. Thus,although the network covers a very small proportion of the country,it performs well for the representation of mammal species and their favorable ***,mean PSR was lower in 2015 than in 2002 inside the national park network,whereas the opposite was the case outside the *** Parks generally not only concentrated highly favorable areas for mammals, but they also showed less favorable areas in 2015 compared to 2002,although the reduction was moderate to *** is a result to consider for future analyses because if the tendency increases, it may have consequences for the conservation of mammals and for the adequacy of the national park network.

关键词： conservation planning dark diversity environmental favorability potential biodiversity protected areas

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