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Beyond kidney stones:Why pediatricians should worry about hypercalciuria

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2021年第6期10卷 137-150页

作者： Maria Goretti Moreira guimarães Penido marcelo de Sousa Tavares Pediatric Nephrology Unit Nephrology CenterSanta Casa de Belo Horizonte HospitalCEP 30150320Belo HorizonteMinas GeraisBrazil Pediatric Nephrology Unit Pediatric DepartmentClinics HospitalUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisCEP 30130100Belo HorizonteMinas GeraisBrazil

The incidence of urolithiasis(UL)is increasing,and it has become more common in children and adolescents over the past few *** is the leading metabolic risk factor of pediatric UL,and it has high morbidity,with or without lithiasis as hematuria and impairment of bone *** reduction in bone mineral density has already been described in pediatric idiopathic hypercalciuria(IH),and the precise mechanisms of bone loss or failure to achieve adequate bone mass gain remain unknown.A current understanding is that hypercalciuria throughout life can be considered a risk of change in bone structure and low bone mass throughout ***,it is still not entirely known whether hypercalciuria throughout life can compromise the quality of the *** peak bone mass is achieved by late adolescence,peaking at the end of the second decade of *** accumulation should occur without interference in order to achieve the peak of optimal bone *** bone mass acquired during childhood and adolescence is a major determinant of adult bone health,and its accumulation should occur without *** raises the critical question of whether adult osteoporosis and the risk of fractures are initiated during *** should be aware of this pediatric problem and investigate their *** should have the knowledge and ability to diagnose and initially manage patients with IH,with or without UL.

关键词： Children Adolescents Hypercalciuria Bone mineral density Kidney stone

Should pediatric idiopathic hypercalciuria be treated with hypocalciuric agents?

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World Journal of Nephrology 2021年第4期10卷 47-58页

作者： Maria Goretti Moreira guimarães Penido marcelo de Sousa Tavares Pediatric Nephrology Unit Nephrology Center of Santa Casa de Belo HorizonteBelo Horizonte 30150320Minas GeraisBrazil Federal University of Minas Gerais Faculty of MedicineDepartment of PediatricsPediatric Nephrology UnitBelo Horizonte 30130100Minas GeraisBrazil

BACKGROUND Hypercalciuria is the most common metabolic risk factor for calcium urolithiasis and is associated with bone loss in adult *** bone mineral density(BMD)was already described in idiopathic hypercalciuria(IH)children,but the precise mechanisms of bone loss or inadequate bone mass gain remain ***-long hypercalciuria might be considered a risk to change bone structure and determine low bone mass throughout *** peak of bone mass should occur without interferences.A beneficial effect of citrate formulations and thiazides on bone mass in adult and pediatric patients with IH have been *** To evaluate whether pharmacological therapy has a beneficial effect on bone mass in children and adolescents with *** This retrospective cohort study evaluated 40 hypercalciuric children nonresponsive to lifestyle and diet *** a 2-mo run-in period of citrate formulation(Kcitrate)usage,the first bone densitometry(DXA)was *** patients with sustained hypercalciuria,a thiazide diuretic was *** second DXA was performed after 12 *** densitometry was performed by DXA at lumbar spine(L2-L4).A 24-h urine(calcium,citrate,creatinine)and blood samples(urea,creatinine,uric acid,calcium,phosphorus,magnesium,chloride,hemoglobin)were *** data included age,gender,weight,height and body mass *** Forty IH children;median age 10.5 year and median time follow-up 6.0 year were *** patients were treated with Kcitrate(G1)and 31 with Kcitrate+thiazide(G2).There were no differences in age,gender,body mass index z-score and biochemical parameters between G1 and *** were no increases in total cholesterol,kalemia and *** decreased in both groups after *** spine BMD z-score increased after thiazide treatment in *** was no improvement in *** Results point to a beneficial effect of thiazide on lumbar spine BMD z-score in children with *** studies ar

关键词： Children Adolescent Hypercalciuria Bone mineral density Thiazides Citrate

A novel sampling method for the investigation of gut microbiota

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第29期13卷 3990-3995页

作者： Alina guimares Quintanilha Bruno Zilberstein Manoel A A Santos Denis Pajecki Eduardo guimares Hourneaux Moura Paulo Roberto Arruda Alves Fauze Maluf-Filho Ivan Cecconello Digestive Surgery Division Department of Gastroenterology and Institute of Biomedical Sciences Department of Microbiology So Paulo University Medical School So Paulo SP Brazil

AIM： In order to characterize the qualitative and quantitative microorganisms in different sites of the lower digestive tract （LDT） in healthy volunteers, a specific technique was developed for collecting mucous of the distal ileum, colon and rectum. METHODS： A polyethylene tube was designed to go through the colonoscope channel with a No. 8 French tube. In order to avoid internal contamination, the distal extremity was protected with a membrane of microfilm after being sterilized in ethilene oxid. To facilitate the aspiration of a precise volume, its interior was coated with silicone. One hundred rnicrolliter （0.1 mL） sample of mucous was collected and transferred into an Eppenddorff tube containing nine hundred rnicrolliter （0.9mL） of VMGA-3 （viable medium of Goteborg）. This procedure was repeated at each site of the LDT with a new sterilized catheter. ResULTS： All sites revealed the ＂non pathogenic＂ anaerobic bacteria Veillonella sp （average 10s colony forming units/mL-CFU/mL）, allowing to conclude an environment of low oxidation-reduction potential （redox） in the LDT. It was also characterized the presence of Klebisiella sp with significant statistical predominance （SSP） in the ileum. Enterobacter sp was found with SSP in the sigrnoid colon, Bacteroides sp non-pigmented （npg） and Ecoli with SSP in the sigrnoid colon and rectum, Enterococcus sp and Lactobacillus sp with SSP in the rectum, all in a mean concentration of 10s CFU/mL CONCLUSION： This procedure is feasible and efficient and can point out a similar distribution of the aerobic and anaerobic bacteria with the presence of biological markers of normal microbiota in the LDT.

关键词： Colony count Microbial Fungi Aerobic bacteria Anaerobic bacteria Gastrointestinal endoscopy Large Intestine Bacterial translocation Microbiology Catheterization

Lessons and challenges for the recycling sector of Brazil from the pandemic outbreak of COVID-19

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2021年第2期3卷 145-154页

作者： Ronei de Almeida Roberta guimarães de Souza Juacyara Carbonelli Campos School of Chemistry Inorganic Processes DepartmentFederal University of Rio de Janeiro.AvAthos da Silveira Ramos 149Ilha do FundãoRio de Janeiro 21941-909Brazil CoClima Av.Alfonso Balthazar da Silveira 339Recreio dos BandeirantesRio de Janeiro 22790-710Brazil

The 2019-2020 coronavirus pandemic imposed unprecedented challenges in Brazilian governance sectors,mostly in the waste management ***,we analyse the main challenges of the recycling sector in Brazil to cope with this *** difficulties during the pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 can help improve waste recycling in the post-pandemic period in Brazil and other developing nations that face similar *** current pandemic exposed the deficiencies of this system,and some important lessons can be *** are drawn to advance the proper management of recyclables in the *** Government must increase total investments in the recycling industry’s infrastructure and support local recycling initiatives during a public health crisis and *** sum,this paper strengthens the idea that waste segregation at the source and selective collection will not be sufficient without massive investments in the recycling sector’s *** future challenge includes strengthening the economic markets for recycled materials.

关键词： Coronavirus Developing countries Informal sector Recycling Selective collection Waste management

Trends in the hyperfine interactions of magnetic adatoms on thin insulating layers

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 787-796页

作者： Sufyan Shehada Manuel dos Santos Dias Filipe Souza Mendes guimarães Muayad Abusaa Samir Lounis Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum Jülich&JARAJülichGermany Department of Physics RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Jülich Supercomputing Center Forschungszentrum Jülich&JARAJülichGermany Department of Physics Arab American UniversityJeninPalestine Faculty of Physics University of Duisburg-Essen&CENIDEDuisburgGermany

Nuclear spins are among the potential candidates prospected for quantum information technology.A recent breakthrough enabled to atomically resolve their interaction with the electron spin,the so-called hyperfine interaction,within individual atoms utilizing scanning tunneling microscopy(STM).Intriguingly,this was only realized for a few species put on a two-layers thick ***,we systematically quantify from first-principles the hyperfine interactions of the whole series of 3d transition adatoms deposited on various thicknesses of MgO,NaF,NaCl,h–BN,and Cu2N *** identify the adatom-substrate complexes with the largest hyperfine interactions and unveil the main trends and *** reveal the core mechanisms at play,such as the interplay of the local bonding geometry and the chemical nature of the thin films,which trigger transitions between high-and low-spin states accompanied with subtle internal rearrangements of the magnetic *** providing a general map of hyperfine interactions,our work has immediate implications in future STM investigations aiming at detecting and realizing quantum concepts hinging on nuclear spins.

关键词： quantum utilizing breakthrough

Serrated pathway in colorectal carcinogenesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第10期20卷 2634-2640页

作者： Letícia Yamane Cristovam Scapulatempo-Neto Rui Manuel Reis Denise Peixoto guimares Molecular Oncology Research Center Barretos Cancer Hospital Department of Pathology Barretos Cancer Hospital Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) School of Health Sciences University of Minho Department of Endoscopy Barretos Cancer Hospital

Serrated adenocarcinoma is a recently described subset of colorectal cancer(CRC),which account for about10%of all CRCs and follows an alternative pathway in which serrated polyps replace the traditional adenoma as the precursor lesion to *** polyps form a heterogeneous group of colorectal lesions that includes hyperplastic polyps(HPs),sessile serrated adenoma(SSA),traditional serrated adenoma(TSA)and mixed *** are the most common serrated polyp followed by SSA and *** distinct histogenesis is believed to have a major influence in prevention strategies,patient prognosis and therapeutic ***,serrated polyps exhibited also a distinct pattern,with KRAS and BRAF having an important contribution to its *** other molecular changes that have been implicated in the serrated pathway include microsatellite instability and the CpG island methylator *** the present review we will address the current knowledge of serrated polyps,clinical pathological features and will update the most recent findings of its molecular *** understanding of their biology and malignancy potential is imperative to implement a surveillance approach in order to prevent colorectal cancer development.

关键词： Serrated pathway Colorectal carcinogenesis Mutation Microsatellite instability CpG island methylator phenotype

Bone disease in pediatric idiopathic hypercalciuria

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World Journal of Nephrology 2012年第2期1卷 54-62页

作者： Maria Goretti Moreira guimares Penido marcelo de Sousa Tavares Department of Pediatrics Pediatric Nephrology Unit School of Medicine Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Belo Horizonte CEP 30130100 Minas Gerais Brazil

Idiopathic hypercalciuria （IH） is the leading metabolic risk factor for urolithiasis and affects all age groups without gender or race predominance. IH has a high morbidity with or without lithiasis and reduced bone mineral density （BMD）, as described previously in pe-diatric patients as well as in adults. The pathogenesis of IH is complex and not completely understood, given that urinary excretion of calcium is the end result of an interplay between three organs （gut, bone and kidney）, which is further orchestrated by hormones, such as 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and fosfatonins （i.e., fbroblast growth-factor-23）. Usu-ally, a primary defect in one organ induces compensa-tory mechanisms in the remaining two organs, such as increased absorption of calcium in the gut secondary toa primary renal loss. Thus, IH is a systemic abnormality of calcium homeostasis with changes in cellular trans-port of this ion in intestines, kidneys and bones. Re-duced BMD has been demonstrated in pediatric patients diagnosed with IH. However, the precise mechanisms of bone loss or failure of adequate bone mass gain are still unknown. The largest accumulation of bone mass occurs during childhood and adolescence, peaking atthe end of the second decade of life. This accumulation should occur without interference to achieve the peak of optimal bone mass. Any interference may be a risk factor for the reduction of bone mass with increased risk of fractures in adulthood. This review will address the pathogenesis of IH and its consequence in bone mass.

关键词： Bone mineral disease Bone mineral density Hypercalciuria Children Urine

Pediatric primary urolithiasis: Symptoms, medical management and prevention strategies

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World Journal of Nephrology 2015年第4期4卷 444-454页

作者： Maria Goretti Moreira guimar?es Penido marcelo de Sousa Tavares Department of Pediatrics Pediatric Nephrology Unit School of MedicineFederal University of Minas Gerais Pediatric Nephrology Unit Center of Nephrology Santa Casade BeloHorizonte Hospital

In the past few decades pediatric urolithiasis has become more frequent. The reason for this increase is not completely clear but has been attributed to changes in climate, nutritional habits and possibly other environ-mental factors. Although less frequent than adult stone disease, urolithiasis in the pediatric age group is also related to significant morbidity, particularly since stones tend to recur, and, thus, should not be underestimated. Most children with idiopathic stone disease have an underlying metabolic abnormality substantiating the importance of metabolic evaluation already following initial diagnosis of urolithiasis. Identification of the metabolic abnormality allows for more specifc prescription of non pharmacological and pharmacological interventions aimed at preventing recurrent stone formation. A better understanding of the causes of kidney stone disease will provide better strategies for stone prevention in children.

关键词： Urolithiasis Hypercalciuria Cystinuria Hyperoxaluria Treatment Prevention

Evaluation and modeling of runoff and sediment yield for different land covers under simulated rain in a semiarid region of Brazil

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2018年第2期33卷 117-125页

作者： Richarde Marques da Silva Celso Augusto guimares Santos José Yure Gomes dos Santos Department of Geosaences Federal University of Paraíba Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Federal University of Paraíba Federal University of Western Bahia Center for Humanities

This paper quantifies the runoff and sediment yield for four different land covers in a semiarid region of Brazil. The WesP model, a distributed, event-oriented runoff-erosion model, was applied and its physical parameters, NSand KR, were adjusted based on observed runoff and sediment yield data using simulated rainfall with an average intensity of 53 mm h-1. The sediment yield obtained was 53.02 kg ha-1(caatinga vegetation), 231.96 kg ha-1(bare soil), 309.75 kg ha-1(beans), and 847.38 kg ha-1(corn). The results showed that caatinga cover yields the lowest erosion and runoff when compared to the other *** results also show that the sediment yield and runoff values simulated with NS, KI, and KR parameters were well calibrated, within acceptable deviations. The caatinga vegetation was more effective in protecting the soil, when compared to the other types of coverage. The beans and corn covers had the highest values of runoff and sediment yield, even higher than those observed for bare soil.

关键词： Runoff Erosion Semiarid region WesP model