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暴发式踏车运动试验有助于隐匿型长QT综合征的诊断

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册) 2006年第4期 38-39页

作者： walker B.d. Krahn A.d. Klein G.J. 潘闽 London Health Sciences Center University Campus 339 Windermere Road London Ont. N6A 5A5 Canada Dr.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a diagnostic technique to detect latent long QT syndrome. Background: Asymptomatic patients with genetically diagnosed long QT syndrome(LQTS)may have a normal resting QT interval, yet remain at risk for cardiac events. We hypothesized that the QT response during a novel burst exercise protocol simulating clinical events might distinguish patients with “latent LQTS”from healthy subjects. Methods: A burst bicycle protocol was performed on 31 healthy subjects and 31 patients with LQTS(13 LQT2, 3 LQT1, 15 unknown genotype). The bicycle exercise protocol involved sudden maximal exertion against a fixed workload(200W)for 1 minute. digitized 12-lead eletrocardiograms were acquired every 10 seconds at baseline for 1 minute, during 1 minute of burst exercise, and for 5 minutes during recovery. Patients with LQTS were segregated according to whether the baseline QTc was normal(≤440 milliseconds, n=13)or abnormal( >440 milliseconds, n=18). Results: during exercise, the QTc increa sed to a greater extent in the group with latent LQTS(ΔQTc 98±36 milliseconds)in comparison with controls(ΔQTc 65±19 milliseconds, Pd those with baseline QTc prolongation(ΔQTc 17±70 milliseconds, P85 milliseconds had a sensitivity of 85%and a specificity of 86%for LQTS(P=.0004). Conclusion: Marked QTc prolongation during burst bicycle ergometry provides potentially diagnostic information for patients with normal baseline QTc and suspected LQTS.

关键词： QTc QT 患者基线隐匿型 LQTS 综合征综合病症发式

Association between change of health care providers and pregnancy exposure to FdA category C, d and X drugs

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第4期127卷 702-706页

作者： Yang Jianzhou Xie Rihua daniel Krewski Wang Yongjin Mark walker Cao Wenjun Shi Wu Wen School of Public Health Central South University Changsha Hunan 410008 China department of Preventive Medicine Changzhi Medical CollegeChangzhi Shanxi 046000 China McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment Institute of Population Health University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada OMNI Research Group Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine Ottawa Canada OMNI Research Group Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine Ottawa Canada Huaihua Medical College Huaihua Hunan 418000 China McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment Institute of Population Health University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada department of Cardiology Heping Hospital Changzhi Medical College Changzhi Shanxi 046000 China OMNI Research Group Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine Ottawa Canada Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Clinical Epidemiology ProgramOttawa Canada department of Preventive Medicine Changzhi Medical CollegeChangzhi Shanxi 046000 China School of Public Health Central South University Changsha Hunan 410008 China OMNI Research Group Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine Ottawa Canada Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Clinical Epidemiology ProgramOttawa Canada department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine Ottawa Ontario Canada Huaihua Medical College Huaihua Hunan 418000 China Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Clinical Epidemiology ProgramOttawa Canada

Background Changing health care providers frequently breaks the continuity of care,which is associated with many health care *** purpose of this study was to examine the association between a change of health care providers and pregnancy exposure to FdA category C,d and X *** A 50% random sample of women who gave a birth in Saskatchewan between January 1,1997 and december 31,2000 were chosen for this *** association between the number of changes in health care providers and with pregnancy exposure to category C,d,and X drugs for those women with and without chronic diseases were evaluated using multiple logistical regression,with adjusted odds ratios （ORs） and its 95% confidence intervals （C/s） as the association *** A total of 18 568 women were included in this *** of FdA C,d,and X drug uses were 14.35%,17.07%,21.72%,and 31.14%,in women with no change of provider,1-2 changes,3-5 changes,and more than 5 changes of health care *** association between the number of changes of health care providers and pregnancy exposure to FdA C,d,and X drugs existed in women without chronic diseases but not in women with chronic *** Change of health care providers is associated with pregnancy exposure to FdA category C,d and X drugs in women without chronic diseases.

关键词： change health care providers prescription drugs FdA pregnancy risk classification pregnancy

钆对比剂过敏反应和降低后续过敏反应发生率的策略:系统综述和meta分析

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国际医学放射学杂志 2020年第5期 614-615页

作者： d.T.walker M.S.davenport T.A.McGrath M.d.F.McInnes T.Shankar N.Schieda 刘思睿 department of Medical Imaging The Ottawa Hospital

摘要皮质激素使用后发生钆类对比剂(GBCA)过敏反应的机制尚不清楚。目的根据GBCA类别确定GBCA过敏反应总体发生率,并确定使用替代GBCA或皮试对过敏反应

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中非经贸合作机制对中非共和国、马达加斯加和乍得棉花产业发展的影响研究

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中非经贸合作机制对中非共和国、马达加斯加和乍得棉花产业发展的...

作者： CHRISTOPHER JUNIOR KIJO walker POUMAYE （克里斯）中国矿业大学

学位级别：硕士

棉花是撒哈拉以南非洲地区最重要的经济作物之一,为该地区数百万农民提供了收入来源。在本节中,我们将探讨非洲棉花种植的历史、棉花产业的现状以及该地区棉农面临的挑战。棉花种植在撒哈拉以南非洲有着悠久的历史,并持续在该地区的农... 详细信息

棉花是撒哈拉以南非洲地区最重要的经济作物之一,为该地区数百万农民提供了收入来源。在本节中,我们将探讨非洲棉花种植的历史、棉花产业的现状以及该地区棉农面临的挑战。棉花种植在撒哈拉以南非洲有着悠久的历史,并持续在该地区的农业部门发挥重要作用。然而,该地区的棉农面临着许多挑战,包括投入成本高、天气条件不可预测以及获得信贷和金融服务的机会有限。解决这些挑战对于确保撒哈拉以南非洲的棉花产业在未来几年能够继续为农村发展和减贫作出贡献至关重要。棉花在非洲已经种植了几个世纪,有证据表明棉花种植可以追溯到古埃及。在殖民时期,棉花成为许多非洲国家,特别是西非国家的主要出口作物。然而,在后殖民时代,非洲的棉花产业面临着许多挑战,包括来自合成纤维的竞争和全球市场价格的下降。非洲的棉花产业有着悠久而复杂的历史,目前面临着一系列的挑战。然而,政府也正在努力支持和加强该产业的发展,并推广更可持续和公平的棉花种植做法。通过共同努力和采用创新方法,未来有可能在非洲建立一个更具弹性和可持续性的棉花产业。尽管非洲有着悠久的棉花种植历史,但近几十年来,非洲的棉花产业面临着许多挑战。最大的挑战之一是来自合成纤维的竞争,合成纤维在全球市场上越来越受欢迎。合成纤维如聚酯和尼龙的生产成本比棉花低,而且可以模仿天然纤维的柔软性和透气性,这使得非洲棉花生产商难以在价格上竞争,并导致全球市场对非洲棉花的需求下降。如上所述,尽管存在这些挑战,但政府仍在努力支持和加强撒哈拉以南非洲的棉花产业发展。以“优质棉花倡议”为例,这是一个旨在促进可持续棉花生产实践和改善世界各地棉农生计的全球项目。通过与非洲和其他地区的棉农合作,该项目能够帮助他们采用更可持续的耕作方式,提高产量,减少对环境的影响。另一项旨在支持非洲棉花工业的倡议是非洲棉花、纺织品和服装贸易联系项目,这是非洲开发银行和国际贸易中心的一项联合倡议。该项目旨在完善非洲的棉花价值链,从生产到加工和销售,以增加棉花产品的出口,并为该部门创造就业机会。有证据表明,棉花及其产品对该地区有潜在的好处,但撒哈拉以南非洲的棉农仍面临着许多挑战。最大的挑战之一是化肥和农药等投入物的高成本,这些投入物对小农来说可能贵得令人望而却步。此外,棉农经常面临干旱和洪水等不可预测的天气条件,如最近的Covid-19,这些天气条件可能摧毁作物,破坏农民家庭的财务稳定。另一个主要挑战是缺乏获得信贷和其他金融服务的渠道。如果无法获得负担得起的信贷支持,棉农可能难以将投资用于他们的农场并提高产量,易受到市场波动和其他经济冲击的影响。在殖民时期,棉花生产主要由苏丹主导。然而,这种趋势似乎在殖民主义之后发生了变化。中非共和国和乍得的棉花产量相对较低,然而,由于中国的到来,这一趋势预计将大大改善。研究目的本研究的目的是调查农业经济关系,特别是棉花产业,对中非共和国、马达加斯加和乍得这三个非洲国家与中国的经济发展的影响。同时也显示出他们的国民经济收入水平。本研究旨在通过考察棉花产业的经济关系对这些国家发展的具体影响,为中非农业贸易的文献做出贡献。为了实现这一目标,本研究对以往关于棉花贸易与经济发展的研究进行了全面的文献综述。这使研究人员能够识别和分析有关该主题的现有知识,并了解围绕该主题存在的不同观点和争论。文献综述还有助于确定现有知识中的空白,这些空白是该研究旨在解决的。研究方法研究背景在过去的几十年里,中国已经成为非洲大陆的一个关键角色,双边经济合作是双方接触的关键领域之一。在本研究中,我们旨在分析中国与三个非洲国家——中非共和国、马达加斯加和乍得在棉花生产和出口方面的双边经济合作的性质和范围。该研究对中国与中非共和国、马达加斯加和乍得这三个非洲国家的双边经济合作进行了全面分析,强调中国经济参与非洲大陆的机遇和挑战,并为中国与非洲国家进一步合作的潜力提供了见解。中国拥有14.4亿人口,是世界上人口最多的国家,也是世界第二大经济体,拥有全球第三大领土。中国不仅幅员辽阔,而且地域广阔,文化多样。了解中国需要关注它的多样性、独特的地理区域、历史趋势、经济活动和资源。中国早就认识到地理区域的独特性,一些城市,如黄土高原、东南沿海、上海、长江流域、四川盆地、西南高地、新疆、东北（满洲）、青海和青藏高原是中国的一些重要地区。在过去的40年里,中国经济快速增长,成为世界第二大经济体。中国经济正在从低端制造业向高端制造业和服务业转型,从投资向消费转型,以资源密集型产业和出口为基础的快速增长已经达到极限。“一带一路”倡议是一个涉及近70个国家的全球基础设施发展项目,它证明了大量基础设施投资仍在进行。2013年,中国政府通过了“一带一路”,以创建一个以中国为中心的全球商业网络。这一举措使得中国成为研究的最佳选择。中非共和国是非洲中部的一个内陆国家,面积为62.3万平方公里。尽管拥有丰富的自然

关键词：中国-中非共和国农业棉合作中国直接投资定量分析

dopaminergic system does not play a major role in the precipitated cannabinoid withdrawal syndrome

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中国药理学报 1999年第12期20卷 1121-1124页

作者： M Clara SANUdO-PENA Michelle FORCE TSOU Kang Gabrielle McLEMORE Langdon ROBERTS J Michael walker Schrier Research Laboratory Departments of Psychology and NeuroscienceBrownUniversityProvidence RI 02912USA

AIM:To determine the dopaminergic system involvement in precipitated cannabinoid withdrawal ***:The dopamine d_(1)receptor antagonist SCH23390 or the dopamine d_(2)receptor antagonist sulphide was administered to rats chronically treated with either△^(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol(THC)or *** were then injected with either SR141716A or vehicle and behavior was observed for 1 ***:Administration of the cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR141716A to animals chronically treated with THC as described by Tsou et al(1995)produced a profound withdrawal *** with dopamine antagonists did not attenuate cannabinoid precipitated withdrawal syndrome in THC tolerant animals while the agonists increased the ***:It is unlikely that the dopaminergic system plays a major role in mediating the behavioral aspects of the cannabinoid withdrawal syndrome.

关键词： cannabinoids tetrahydrocannabinol SR141716A substance withdrawal syndrome dopamine d_(1)receptors dopamine d_(2)receptors dopamine antagonists pruritus pain

含碳黑聚乙烯在加拿大经受了二十年大气老化考验

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合成材料老化与应用 1983年第4期 42-48页

作者： d.Malcolm walker Marc W.Janzkow 陈金爱化工部老化研究所

在一项证实加速老化试验之有效性的实验中,碳黑和一种抗氧剂对LdPE的长期耐候性的协同效应引人注目。试样的拉伸强度保持在产品的销售规格之内,伸长率下降15～20％,低温脆性不变。

关键词：碳黑聚合物大分子化合物抗氧剂聚烯烃聚乙烯北美洲加拿大二十年

北美科迪勒拉地区白垩纪塞维尔造山带中的拉张作用

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国外火山地质 1994年第2期 22-31页

作者： K.V.Hodges J.d.walker 王小平

最近在美国西部科迪勒拉地区的地质研究,提供了白垩纪时塞维尔前陆褶皱和冲断层带形成过程中拉张变形的证据,这些证据大多来自东部以塞维尔褶皱和冲断层带为界和西部以中生代大陆弧为界的范围内。我们认为该"内带"中的拉张作用是与当时... 详细信息

最近在美国西部科迪勒拉地区的地质研究,提供了白垩纪时塞维尔前陆褶皱和冲断层带形成过程中拉张变形的证据,这些证据大多来自东部以塞维尔褶皱和冲断层带为界和西部以中生代大陆弧为界的范围内。我们认为该"内带"中的拉张作用是与当时正在演化的塞维尔造山带中的重力塌陷同时存在的。但在内带的白垩纪地质记录中,没有看到像其它地区(如喜马拉雅山造山带)作为同压缩重力塌陷特征的地表破碎主正断层和拉张盆地,因此,即使内带中有广布的拉张作用,它在地表也不会有显示。我们提出了一个与地质条件相符合并得到简化的流变量理论支持的塞维尔造山带的概念模式。在该模式中,特别增厚的内带中的浮力应力导致了中部地壳的拉张外来休向西运动。在造山带不断收敛过程中,以塞维尔褶皱和冲断层带的主滑脱面为顶部边界和以西倾的正向剪切带为底部边界的拉张外来体从其上部和下部的地壳中完全拆离出来并发生重力塌陷。

关键词：造山带重力冲断层褶皱内带褶皱带构造带中心力地质构造拉张作用地球内部地壳地球外壳北美

英国人的间质性膀胱炎:间质性膀胱炎支持团体成员的问卷调查结果

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第5期1卷 19-20页

作者： Tincello d.G walker A.C.H. 石菁菁

Purpose: To examine the site, severity, and duration, of symptoms in patients with interstitial cystitis. To examine the treatments offered. Materials and met hods: Postal questionnaire administered to members of the Interstitial Cystitis Support Group, based in the United Kingdom. Results: 736 of 1148 (64%) question naires were returned. 696 (94.6%)-patients were women. 471 patients (64%) des cribed daily pain when symptoms were at their worst, and 273 (37%)-described d aily pain at the time of survey. Most patients reported frequency, urgency and n octuria. A wide range of treatments had been offered, but drugs of proven effica cy were offered to less than a third of patients: cimetidine (36%)-; antihista mines (5%); pentosan polysulphate (12%); dMSO (33%); and anticonvulsants (2% ). 495 patients (67%) reported "considerable impact" or more on their lifestyle and 346 (46%)-reported moderate depression or worse. 364 (49%) reported at l east considerable difficulties with sexual intercourse. Conclusions: This survey supports the work of others about the nature of symptoms and their impact upon quality of life. The data highligh t the continuing difficulty in making a prompt diagnosis. We recommend that a Eu ropean survey or registry of interstitial cystitis patients would help to establ ish a minimum standard of care. A suggested treatment algorithm is provided.

关键词：间质性膀胱炎团体成员问卷调查夜尿增多抗惊厥药抗组胺剂疾病症状药物治疗戊聚糖性交困难

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Using Geospatial Information Systems in Analyzing Urbanization Impacts on Stream Habitats in Southern Mississippi Coastal Ecosystem

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2011年第12期5卷 1624-1641页

作者： E. Merem S. Yerramilli C. Richardson J. Wesley T. walker d. Foster J. Williams C. Romamo E Nwagboso department of Urban and Regional Planning Jackson State University Jackson MS 39211 USA National Center for Biodefense Communications Jackson State Universi~ Jackson MS 39204 USA department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Jackson State University Jackson MS 39213 USA department of Political Science Jackson State University Jackson MS 39217 USA

The proliferation of urban development with concentration in population and human-environment interaction has intensified around urban environments. This has resulted in the degradation of urban environments, overuse of natural resources and widespread pollution of ecosystems, The patterns of design initiatives continue to follow unsustainable path with impacts on stream ecosystems. Accordingly, the paper adopts geospatial information systems and sustainability principles for the identification and sequential mapping of stressors impeding natural systems in Southern Mississippi. The results not only reveal that the study area experienced some significant changes in its watershed environments, but the stream habitat ecosystem remains under stress. The recommendations for mitigating the problems range from policy considerations to the adoption of ecosystem approach.

关键词： Geospatial information systems urbanization ecological design ecosystem approach environmental degradation.