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The integration of climate change,spatial dynamics,and habitat fragmentation:A conceptual overview

Integrative Zoology 2016年第1期11卷 40-59页

作者： marcel holyoak Sacha K.HEATH Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of California1 Shields AvenueDavis CA 95616USA Graduate Group in Ecology University of California1 Shields AvenueDavis CA 95616USA

A growing number of studies have looked at how climate change alters the effects of habitat fragmentation and degradation on both single and multiple species;some raise concern that biodiversity loss and its effects will be *** published literature on spatial dynamics(such as dispersal and metapopulation dynamics),habitat fragmentation and climate change requires synthesis and a conceptual framework to simplify *** propose a framework that integrates how climate change affects spatial population dynamics and the effects of habitat fragmentation in terms of:(i)habitat quality,quantity and distribution;(ii)habitat connectivity;and(iii)the dynamics of habitat *** use the framework to categorize existing autecological studies and investigate how each is affected by anthropogenic climate *** is clear that a changing climate produces changes in the geographic distribution of climatic conditions,and the amount and quality of *** most thorough published studies show how such changes impact metapopulation persistence,source-sink dynamics,changes in species’geographic range and community ***-related changes in movement behavior and quantity,quality and distribution of habitat have also produced empirical changes in habitat connectivity for some *** underexplored area is how habitat dynamics that are driven by climatic processes will affect species that live in dynamic *** end our discussion by suggesting ways to improve current attempts to integrate climate change,spatial population dynamics and habitat fragmentation effects,and suggest distinct areas of study that might provide opportunities for more fully integrative work.

关键词： global change global climate change habitat fragmentation metapopulation spatial dynamics.

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Symposium“How to track wild animals without disturbance and subsequent bias”

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第1期14卷 2-3页

作者： Yvon Le Maho marcel holyoak Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien Strasbourg France University of California Davis DavisUSA

Two major steps in field studies of wild animals have been their tagging and,more recently,their instrumen-tation with transmitters and *** the contribution of both to our scientific knowledge is immense,the extent to which the data are reliable and therefore unbi-ased is however generally ***,there is now evidence that,even in trained animals,human presence induces a long-lasting stress which is aggravated by capture and handling in order to either attach or recover the instruments,or to take biological ***,attached tags and loggers result in a disturbance,partic-ularly for aquatic animals due to the increased drag in *** determine the relative and overall impact of such disturbances and therefore to select or develop the best possible new instrumentation,it is obviously necessary to get data on undisturbed control animals or at least evaluate the magnitude of the effects of distur-bance on the parameters of interest.

关键词： disturbance subsequent instru

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Palatability and profitability of co-occurring seeds alter indirect interactions among rodent-dispersed trees

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第2期17卷 206-216页

作者： Zhishu XIAO marcel holyoak Charles J.KREBS Xiaoqun HUANG State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of CaliforniaDavisUSA Department of Zoology University of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada

Beyond direct species interactions,seed dispersal is potentially affected by indirect seed–seed interactions among co-occurring nut-bearing trees which are mediated by scatter-hoarding animals as shared seed dispersers.A relevant question in such systems is to what extent different functional traits related to food palatability and profitability affect the kinds of indirect interactions that occur among co-occurring seeds,and the consequences for seed *** used field experiments to track seed dispersal with individually tagged seeds in both monospecific and mixed seed *** measured indirect effects based on 3 seed–seed species pairs from the family Fagaceae with contrasting seed size,tannin level,and dormancy in a subtropical forest in Southwest *** all else was equal,the presence of adjacently placed seeds with contrasting seed traits created different indirect effects measured through a variety of dispersal-related *** mutualism was reciprocal due to increasing seed dispersal in mixed seed patches with mixed differences in seed tannins and ***,differences in either seed size or dormancy in co-occurring adjacently placed seeds caused apparent competition with reduced seed removal or seed dispersal(distance)in at least one *** study supports the hypothesis that different functional traits related to food palatability and profitability in co-occurring seeds modify foraging decisions of scatter-hoarding animals,and subsequently cause indirect effects on seed dispersal among rodent-dispersed *** conclude that such indirect effects mediated by shared seed dispersers may act as an important determinant of seed dispersal for co-fruiting animal-dispersed trees in many natural forests.

关键词： dispersal distance functional trait scatter-hoarding rodents seed dispersal trait-mediated indirect interactions

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Spatiotemporal distribution of seasonal bird assemblages on land-bridge islands: linking dynamic and static views of metacommunities

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Avian Research 2019年第3期10卷 250-261页

作者： Chuanwu Chen marcel holyoak Yanping Wang Xingfeng Si Ping Ding College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310020China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal University Nanjing 210046China Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

Background: Although assessing temporal dynamics of populations is crucial for understanding metacommunities, empirical studies have primarily analyzed only static snapshots of communities. Here, we present a holistic view of how species traits and habitat characteristics relate to metacommunity dynamics and use it to test for differences in the spatiotemporal distribution of seasonal bird assemblages. Methods: We surveyed forest birds in breeding and winter seasons within 36 islands for 9 years. We then grouped birds into four landbird assemblages, selected on the basis of published differences in biology or ecology: winter residents, migratory winter visitors, breeding summer residents, and migratory summer visitors. We estimated dynamic species colonization and extirpation through the 9-year period, and evaluated the associations among island attributes, species attributes and community composition. Results: Overall, winter and summer residents showed strong associations between composition and habitat structure of the islands. In addition, winter and summer residents on large islands had lower extirpation and turnover than winter and summer visitors. Visitor assemblages showed no significant habitat associations, and in winter had high extirpation rates and small body sizes. By contrast, local extirpation of summer visitors was correlated with local species richness, indicating a likely effect of competition on extirpation. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated repeated patterns among species composition, bird traits, habitat/island characteristics and observed metacommunity dynamics. Winter and summer residents best matched species sorting and patch dynamics, respectively, due to differences in resource availability and requirements of overwinter survival versus breeding. Summer visitors were consistent with species sorting and winter visitors were randomly distributed, likely because of interactions with resident competitors. Our results highlight that coexist

关键词： Body size Colonization Competition Extirpation Island turnover Metacommunity

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An intercontinental comparison of insect seed predation between introduced and native oaks

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第2期17卷 217-230页

作者： Xin SUN Haidong LI Aibing ZHANG AnikóHIRKA György CSÓKA Ian S.PEARSE marcel holyoak Zhishu XIAO State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University111 Jiulong RoadHefeiAnhuiChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina College of Life Sciences Capital Normal UniversityBeijingChina Department of Forest Protection NARIC Forest Research InstituteHungary U.S.Geological Survey Fort Collins Science CenterFort CollinsCOUSA Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA

Novel interactions between introduced oaks and their natural enemies across different continents provide an opportunity to test the enemy release hypothesis(ERH)at local and global *** on the ERH,we assessed the impacts of native seed-feeding insects on introduced and native oaks within and among *** combined a common-garden experiment in China and biogeographic literature surveys to measure seed predation by insects and the proportion of acorn embryos surviving after insect infestation among 4 oak species with different geographical origins:Quercus mongolica origin from China,*** and *** from Europe,and *** from North *** supporting the ERH,oaks in introduced continents escaped seed predation compared to those in native continents and compared to other native oaks in introduced ***-garden comparisons showed that total acorn infestation rate of introduced ***(section Lobatae)was considerably lower than that of native oaks(section Quercus)in China and Europe,likely because of the differences in seed traits associated with different oak *** surveys showed that seed predation of introduced oaks was lower in the introduced continent than in the native *** survival was higher in introduced *** than native oaks in China and ***,insect seed predation of recently introduced *** in China was similar to that in Europe,which is not consistent with the *** results suggest that reduced acorn attack by native insects and higher embryo survival after acorn damage could increase the establishment success or invasion risk of introduced oaks in non-native continents.

关键词： acorn performance common garden plant-herbivore interactions species introduction the enemy release hypothesis

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Wavelet methods reveal big cat activity patterns and synchrony of activity with preys

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第2期17卷 246-260页

作者： Jinzhe QI marcel holyoak Michael TDOBBINS Chong HUANG Qi LI Wen SHE Yao NING Quan SUN Guangshun JIANG Xiaochun WANG School of Forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina Feline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration College of Wildlife and Protected AreaNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA Jilin Wangqing National Nature Reserve Wangqing CountyChina

Appropriate temporal and spatial scales are important prerequisites for obtaining reliable results in studies of wildlife activity patterns and interspecific *** spread of camera-trap technology has increased interest in and feasibility of studying the activity patterns and interspecific interactions of ***,such studies are often conducted at arbitrary spatial and temporal scales,and the methods used impose scale on the study rather than determining how activity and species interactions change with spatial *** this study,we used a waveletbased approach to determine the temporal and spatial scales for activity patterns and interspecific interactions on Amur leopard and their ungulate prey species that were recorded using camera traps in the main Amur leopard occurrence region in northeast *** identified that Amur leopards were more active in spring and fall than summer,and fluctuated with periodicities of 9 and 17 days,*** relationships between leopards and their prey commonly occurred in spring and fall,with a periodicity of about 20 days,indicating the appropriate seasons and temporal scales for interspecific interaction *** influence of human activities on the activity patterns of Amur leopard or prey species often occurred over longer time periods(60–64 days).Twodimensional wavelet analyses showed that interactions between leopard and prey were more significant at spatial scales of 1 ***,our study provides a feasible approach to studying the temporal and spatial scales for wildlife activity patterns and interspecific interaction research using camera trap data.

关键词： activity patterns camera trap large carnivores temporal and spatial scale wavelet analyses

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Light sheet microscope scanning of biointegrated microlasers for localized refractive index sensing

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Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 1673-1680页

作者： ROSS C.COWIE marcel SCHUBERT SUPA School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK Humboldt Centre for Nano and Biophotonics Department of ChemistryUniversity of CologneCologneGermany

Whispering gallery mode(WGM)microlasers are highly sensitive to localized refractive index changes allowing to link their emission spectrum to various chemical,mechanical,or physical *** recently found applications in biological studies within single cells,in three-dimensional samples such as multicellular spheroids,or in ***,detailed studies of biological samples also need to account for the structural heterogeneity of tissues and live animals,therefore requiring a combination of high-resolution microscopy and laser ***,we design and construct a light sheet fluorescence microscope with a coupled spectrometer for use in microlaser studies for combined high-resolution,high-speed imaging and WGM spectral *** light sheet illumination profile and the decoupled geometry of excitation and emission hereby directly affect the lasing and sensing properties,mainly through geometric constraints and by light coupling *** demonstrate the basic working principle of microlaser spectroscopy under light sheet excitation and measure the absolute refractive index within agarose and in zebrafish tail muscle *** further analyze the light coupling conditions that lead to the occurrence of two separate oscillation *** so-called cross modes can be scanned around the entire microlaser surface,which allows to estimate a surface-averaged refractive index profile of the microlaser environment.

关键词： refractive index excitation

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The big data challenge-and how polypharmacology supports the translation from pre-clinical research into clinical use against neurodegenerative diseases and beyond

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1647-1648页

作者： Sven marcel Stefan Muhammad Rafehi Drug Development and Chemical Biology Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology(LIED)University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-HolsteinLübeckGermany Department of Pathology Section of NeuropathologyTranslational Neurodegeneration Research and Neuropathology LabUniversity of Oslo and Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Institute of Clinical Pharmacology University Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany Department of Medical Education Augsburg University MedicineAugsburgGermany

Introductory comments:The identification and validation of disease-modifying proteins are fundamental aspects in drug ***,the m ultifactority of n eurodegen era tive diseases poses a real challenge for targeted ***,the behavior of individually(over-)expressed to rget proteins in vitro is likely to differ from their actual functional behavior when embedded in cascades and pathways in vivo.

关键词： translation beyond likely

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On breakthroughs and limits: Resolving structural fine-tuning of photosynthetic supercomplexes

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 224-226页

作者： Eunchul Kim marcel Dann Division of Environmental Photobiology National Institute for Basic BiologySOKENDAlOkazaki 444-8585Japan Department of Basic Biology The Graduate University for Advanced StudiesSOKENDAlOkazaki 444-8585Japan Bio-Inspired Energy Conversion Technical University of DarmstadtSchnittspahnstraBe 1064287 DarmstadtGermany

Dynamic regulation of photosynthetic supercomplexes is a key strategy allowing plants to adjust their light-harvesting system in response to varying environmental light conditions(Bassi and Dall'Osto,2021).State transition(i.e.,acclimative re-distribution of peripheral antennae between photosystems[PSs]I and II)is one such regulation mechanism that maintains excitation balance between PSl and PSll.

关键词： complexes breakthrough maintain

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Parasite and social stress contribute concurrently to the density-dependent immunity in a small rodent

Parasite and social stress contribute concurrently to the de...

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第十三届全国野生动物生态与资源保护学术研讨会暨第六届中国西部动物学学术研讨会

作者： Guoliang Li Min Zhang Shuli Huang Hongxuan He Xinrong Wan Yongliang Pan marcel holyoak Charles J.Krebs Fusheng Wang Zhibin Zhang State Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Medicine Huzhou University Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of California1 Shields Ave. Davis CA 95616USA Department of Zoology University of British Columbia

*** the response of immune defense to environmental change is a key theme in ecological and evolutionary *** density can directly affect competition for food resources,aggressive behavior and pathogen transmission,which plays a key role in explaining variation in the immunity of animal populations.A positive relationship between immune response and population density has been observed,as predicted by the

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