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Irrigated Agriculture Facing the Challenge of Climate Change: Adaptation Strategies for Farmers in the Irrigated Perimeters of Môle Saint-Nicolas, Haiti

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第3期13卷 477-498页

作者： Frantz Mial Jean-François Bissonnette marc-andré Bourgault Meryem Qacami Department of Geography Laval University Quebec Canada

Môle Saint-Nicolas, like all other communes in the Republic of Haiti, faces increasing climate variability, impacting agricultural production and water resources. Consequently, there is a pressing need for adaptation to these climatic changes. This research aims to showcase the adaptation strategies deployed by farmers to cope with the increasing climate variability. Surveys were conducted through group and individual discussions with a randomly selected cohort of 150 farmers. Two types of analysis were performed: quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative data analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The findings reveal that farmers have perceived changes in rainfall patterns, temperature, wind, and their environment. These changes manifest as irregular rainfall, higher temperatures, prolonged drought periods, violent winds accompanied by rain, premature cessation of rains, and reduced flow from water sources. In response, the most common adaptation strategies adopted include selecting new cultivars, early-maturing varieties, crop rotation and diversification, canal dredging, new soil preparation methods, upstream water source protection, and micro-watershed management. The significance of this research lies in its contribution to enhancing farmers’ adaptive capacities by alerting stakeholders in the irrigated perimeters about the consequences of climate change, thereby incorporating the real needs of farmers in future projects.

关键词： Climate Change Perception Adaptation Agriculture Irrigated Perimeter

Correction to cffdrs:an R package for the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 136-136页

作者： Xianli Wang B.Mike Wotton Alan S.Cantin marc-andré parisien Kerry Anderson Brett Moore Mike D.Flannigan Great Lakes Forestry Centre Canadian Forest ServiceNatural Resources Canada1219 Queen Street EastSault Ste.MarieON P6A 2E5Canada Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta751 General Service BuildingEdmontonAB T6G 2H1Canada Faculty of Forestry University of Toronto33 Willcocks StTorontoON M5S 3B3Canada Northern Forestry Centre Canadian Forest ServiceNatural Resources Canada5320-122nd StreetEdmontonAB T6H 3S5Canada

Correction The original publication(cffdrs,2017)has an error in the citation of figure *** you will find the correct *** version:The Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System flow chart(FCFDG 1992)Correct version:The ... 详细信息

关键词： Forest has Canadian

GekkoFS—A Temporary Burst Buffer File System for HPC Applications

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2020年第1期35卷 72-91页

作者： marc-andréVef Nafiseh Moti Tim Süβ Markus Tacke Tommaso Tocci Ramon Nou Alberto Miranda Toni Cortes andréBrinkmann Zentrum für Datenverarbeitung Johannes Gutenberg University MainzMainz 55128Germany Barcelona Supercomputing Center Barcelona 08034Spain Computer Architecture Department Universitat Politècnica de CatalunyaBarcelona 08034Spain

Many scientific fields increasingly use high-performance computing(HPC)to process and analyze massive amounts of experimental data while storage systems in today's HPC environments have to cope with new access *** patterns include many metadata operations,small I/O requests,or randomized file I/O,while general-purpose parallel file systems have been optimized for sequential shared access to large *** buffer file systems create a separate file system that applications can use to store temporary *** aggregate node-local storage available within the compute nodes or use dedicated SSD clusters and offer a peak bandwidth higher than that of the backend parallel file system without interfering with ***,burst buffer file systems typically offer many features that a scientific application,running in isolation for a limited amount of time,does not *** present GekkoFS,a temporary,highly-scalable file system which has been specifically optimized for the aforementioned use *** provides relaxed POSIX semantics which only offers features which are actually required by most(not all)*** is,therefore,able to provide scalable I/O performance and reaches millions of metadata operations already for a small number of nodes,significantly outperforming the capabilities of common parallel file systems.

关键词： distributed file system high-performance computing(HPC) burst buffer POSIX(portable operating system interface)

Ad Hoc File Systems for High-Performance Computing

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2020年第1期35卷 4-26页

作者： andréBrinkmann Kathryn Mohror Weikuan Yu Philip Carns Toni Cortes Scott A.Klasky Alberto Miranda Franz-Josef Pfreundt Robert B.Ross marc-andréVef Zentrum für Datenverarbeitung Johannes Gutenberg University MainzMainz 55128Germany Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA 94550U.S.A Department of Computer Science Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306U.S.A Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439U.S.A Department of Computer Architecture Universitat Politecnica de CatalunyaBarcelona 08034Spain Computer Science and Mathematics Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831U.S.A Computer Science Department Barcelona Supercomputing CenterBarcelona 08034Spain Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Mathematics ITWM Fraunhofer-Platz 1Kaiserslautern 67663Germany

Storage backends of parallel compute clusters are still based mostly on magnetic disks,while newer and faster storage technologies such as flash-based SSDs or non-volatile random access memory(NVRAM)are deployed within compute *** these new storage technologies into scientific workflows is unfortunately today a mostly manual task,and most scientists therefore do not take advantage of the faster storage *** approach to systematically include nodelocal SSDs or NVRAMs into scientific workflows is to deploy ad hoc file systems over a set of compute nodes,which serve as temporary storage systems for single applications or longer-running *** paper presents results from the Dagstuhl Seminar 17202"Challenges and Opportunities of User-Level File Systems for HPC"and discusses application scenarios as well as design strategies for ad hoc file systems using node-local storage *** discussion includes open research questions,such as how to couple ad hoc file systems with the batch scheduling environment and how to schedule stage-in and stage-out processes of data between the storage backend and the ad hoc file *** presented are strategies to build ad hoc file systems by using reusable components for networking and how to improve storage device *** interfaces and semantics are presented,for example those used by the three ad hoc file systems BeeOND,GekkoFS,and *** presentation covers a range from file systems running in production to cutting-edge research focusing on reaching the performance limits of the underlying devices.

关键词： parallel architectures distributed file system high-performance computing burst buffer POSIX(portable operating system interface)

A LIM Domain Protein from Tobacco Involved in Actin-Bundling and Histone Gene Transcription

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 483-502页

作者： Danièle Moes Sabrina Gatti CEline Hoffmann Monika Dieterle Flora Moreau Katrin Neumann marc Schumacher marc Diederich Erwin Grill Wen-Hui Shen andré Steinmetz Cldment Thomas Centre de Recherche Public-SantE 84 Val Fleuri L-1526 Luxembourg Luxembourg Laboratoire de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer HSpital Kirchberg 9 rue Edward Steichen L-2540 Luxembourg Luxembourg Lehrstuhl for Botanik Technische Universitat Munchen EmiI-Ramann-StraBe 4 D-85354 Freising Germany Jnstitut de Biologie Moleculaire des Plantes du CNRS 12 rue du Général Zimmer F-67084 Strasbourg Ceédex France

The two LIM domain-containing proteins from plants （LIMs） typically exhibit a dual cytoplasmic-nuclear dis-tribution, suggesting that, in addition to their previously described roles in actin cytoskeleton organization, they partici-pate in nuclear processes. Using a south-western blot-based screen aimed at identifying factors that bind to plant histone gene promoters, we isolated a positive clone containing the tobacco LIM protein WLIM2 （NtWLIM2） cDNA. Using both green fluorescent protein （GFP） fusion-and immunology-based strategies, we provide clear evidence that NtWLIM2 local-izes to the actin cytoskeleton, the nucleus, and the nucleolus. Interestingly, the disruption of the actin cytoskeleton by latrunculin B significantly increases NtWLIM2 nuclear fraction, pinpointing a possible novel cytoskeletal-nuclear crosstalk. Biochemical and electron microscopy experiments reveal the ability of NtWLIM2 to directly bind to actin filaments and to crosslink the latter into thick actin bundles. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays show that NtWLIM2 specifically binds to the conserved octameric cis-elements （Oct） of the Arabidopsis histone H4A748 gene promoter and that this binding largely relies on both LIM domains. Importantly, reporter-based experiments conducted in Arabidopsis and tobacco proto-plasts confirm the ability of NtWLIM2 to bind to and activate the H4A748 gene promoter in live cells. Expression studies indicate the constitutive presence of NtWLIM2 mRNA and NtWLIM2 protein during tobacco BY-2 cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, suggesting a role of NtWLIM2 in the activation of basal histone gene expression. Interestingly, both live cell and in vitro data support NtWLIM2 di/oligomerization. We propose that NtWLIM2 functions as an actin-stabilizing protein, which, upon cytoskeleton remodeling, shuttles to the nucleus in order to modify gene expression.

关键词： actin BY-2 cytoskeleton DNA-binding histone genes LIM Nicotiana tabacum promoter regulation trans-acting factors.

Bayesian inference of biomass growth characteristics for sugi(***)and hinoki(***)forests in self-thinned and managed stands

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第4期8卷 1006-1023页

作者： Valerie Nicoulaud-Gouin marc-andre Gonze Pierre Hurtevent Phillippe Calmon Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire St Paul-Lez-DuranceFrance

Background:Forests are an important sink for atmospheric carbon and could release that carbon upon deforestation and *** stand biomass dynamic of evergreen forests has become necessary to improve current biomass production *** different growth processes of managed forests compared to self-managed forests imply an adaptation of biomass prediction ***:In this paper we model through three models the biomass growth of two tree species(Japanese cedar,Japanese cypress)at stand level whether they are managed or not(self-thinning).One of them is named self-thinned model which uses a specific self-thinning parameterαand adapted to self-managed forests and an other model is named thinned model adapted to managed *** latter is compared to a Mitscherlich *** self-thinned model takes into account the light competition between trees relying on easily observable parameters(*** density).A Bayesian inference was carried out to determine parameters values according to a large database ***:In managed forest,Bayesian inference results showed obviously a lack of identifiability of Mitscherlich model parameters and a strong evidence for the thinned model in comparison to Mitscherlich *** self-thinning forest,the results of Bayesian inference are in accordance with the self-thinning 3/2 rule(α=1.4).Structural dependence between stand density and stand yield in self-thinned model allows to qualifying the expression of biological time as a function of physical time and better qualify growth and mortality *** mortality rate is 2.5 times more important than relative growth rate after about 40 years *** density and stand yield can be expressed as function of biological time,showing that yield is independent of initial ***:This paper addressed stand biomass dynamic models of evergreen forests in order to improve biomass growth dynamic assessment at regional scale relying on easily observable

关键词： Dynamic Biomass Self-thinning Sugi Hinoki Competition-Density rule

Autodesk Maya 2009官方指南建模与动画制作高级技法 4

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Autodesk Maya 2009官方指南基础技法 1版

2010年

作者：（美）marc-andré

181704

ISBN: (纸本)9787115222398

181704

关键词：三维动画软件基本知识

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Population isolation shapes plant genetics, phenotype and germination in naturally patchy ecosystems

2010年

作者：（美）marc-andréGuidon

181704

ISBN: (纸本)9787115222343

181704

关键词：三维动画软件基本知识

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第4期10卷 649-659页

作者： Laurent De Vriendt marc-andréLemay Martine Jean Sébastien Renaut Stéphanie Pellerin Simon Joly François Belzile Monique Poulin Département de Phytologie Facultédes Sciences de l’Agriculture et de l’AlimentationUniversitéLaval2425 rue de l’agriculture QuébecQuébec G1V 0A6Canada Québec Center for Biodiversity Science Department of BiologyMcGill UniversityStewart Biology Building1205 Dr.Penfield AvenueMontréal H3A 1B1Canada Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes(IBIS) UniversitéLaval1030 avenue de la MédecineQuébec G1V 0A6Canada Institut de recherche en biologie végétale Département des Sciences biologiquesUniversitéde Montréal4101 Sherbrooke EstMontréal H1X 2B2Canada Jardin botanique de Montréal 4101 Sherbrooke EstMontréal H1X 2B2Canada

Aims Habitat connectivity is important in conservation since isolation can diminish the potential of a population for adaptation and increase its risk of ***,conservation of naturally patchy ecosystems such as peatlands has mainly focused on preserving specific sites with exceptional characteristics,neglecting the poten-tial interconnectivity between *** order to better under-stand plant dynamics within a peatland network,we assessed the effect of population isolation on genetic distinctiveness,phenotypic variations and germination rates using the peatland-obligate white-fringed orchid(Platanthera blephariglottis).Methods Fifteen phenotypic traits were measured for 24 individuals per pop-ulation(20 distinct populations,Quebec,Canada)and germination rates of nearly 20000 seeds were *** distinctiveness was quantified for 26 populations using single nucleotide polymor-phism markers obtained via a pooled genotyping-by-sequencing *** isolation was measured as the distance to the nearest population and as the number of populations occurring in concentric buffer zones(within a radius of 2,5 and 10 km)around the studied *** Findings All phenotypic traits showed significant differences among *** results also indicated a pattern of isolation-by-distance,which suggests that seed and/or pollen exchange is restricted ***,all phenotypic traits,as well as a reduced germination rate,were correlated with either geographic isolation or genetic *** conclude that geographic iso-lation likely restricts gene flow,which in turn may affect ***,it is imperative that conservation programs take into account the patchy nature of such ecosystems,rather than targeting a few specific sites with exceptional character for preservation.

关键词： trait variation population genetics peatland orchid Platanthera blepharigottis genotyping by sequencing GBS