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Clinical Epidemiology and Surgical Treatment of Spontaneous Perforations of the Terminal Ileum: A Multicentre Study in Cameroon

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Surgical Science 2024年第5期15卷 311-320页

作者： Eric Patrick Savom Richard II Mbele Mahamat Yannick Ekani Boukar Abdal Deudeu Cédric Paterson Atangana Fred Dikongue Dikongue Guy Aristide Bang marc Leroy Guifo Yaoundé General Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Yaoundé Teaching Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: Perforations of the terminal ileum are a frequent clinical situation and a therapeutic challenge. Surgical treatment is controversial. Several surgical modalities have been proposed and postoperative morbidity and mortality remain high. The aim of this study was to review our experience in the surgical management of perforations of the terminal ileum. Patients and methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021, in five hospitals in Cameroon. Patients’ demographic, clinical presentation, surgical findings and 30-days postoperative outcomes data were collected. Results: We collected 34 files. The sex ratio was 1.4 and the average age was 20.28 years. The average consultation time was 9.1 days. Abdominal pain was present in all our patients. Peritoneal irritation was present in 46 cases (88.5%). The mean time to treatment after admission was 17.5 hours. The perforation was unique in 40 cases (76.9%) and located between 6 and 10 cm from the ileocecal valve in 29 cases (55.8%). Typhoid was the most suspected etiology intraoperatively in 38 cases (73.1%). A simple suture was performed in 18 patients (34.6%), resection with anastomosis in 11 patients (21.2%) and an ileostomy in 5 patients (9.6%). The average length of hospitalization was 21.74 days. Postoperative morbidity and mortality were 32.7% and 17.3% respectively. Conclusion: Perforations of the terminal ileum are common and affect young people. Surgical procedures are varied. Reducing consultation and care times and respecting treatment principles could improve postoperative morbidity and mortality, which remain high.

关键词： Perforation of the Terminal Ileum Simple Suture Resection Morbidity Mortality

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Prehospital transdermal glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaemic stroke: data from the RIGHT- 2 randomised sham- controlled ambulance trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason Philip Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse Craig S Anderson Sandeep Ankolekar Lesley Cala Mark Dixon Timothy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant Mair Keith W Muir John Potter Christopher I Price marc Randall Thompson G Robinson Christine Roffe Else C Sandset Jeffrey L Saver Angela Shone Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena Joanna M Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip M Bath Stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK Stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of Medicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute China at Peking University Health Science Center BeijingChina Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust NottinghamUK Stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK Institute of Neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob Champion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Department of Neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Stroke Research in Stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Department of Neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Development Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate Services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Community and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcome when administered before hospital admission in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaemic stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RIGHT-2).Methods RIGHT-2 was an ambulance-based multicentre sham-controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients randomised within 4hours of *** primary outcome was a shift in scores on the modified Rankin scale(mRS)at day *** outcomes included death;a global analysis(Wei-Lachin test)containing Barthel Index,EuroQol-5D,mRS,telephone interview for cognitive status-modified and Zung depression scale;and neuroimaging-determined‘brain frailty’*** were reported as n(%),mean(SD),median[IQR],adjusted common OR(acOR),mean difference or Mann-Whitney difference(MWD)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaemic stroke;age 75(12)years,premorbid mRS>2107(18%),Glasgow Coma Scale 14(2)and time from onset to randomisation 67[45,108]***‘brain frailty’was common:median score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not influence the primary outcome(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%CI 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(MWD 0.00,95%CI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN may be associated with more death and dependency in participants randomised within 1hour of symptom onset and in those with more severe *** In patients who had an ischaemic stroke,ultra-acute administration of transdermal GTN in the ambulance did not improve clinical outcomes in a population with more clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital *** IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC⇒Transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those w

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

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Fibre optic distributed scattering sensing system:perspectives and challenges for high performance applications

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仪器仪表学报 2007年第8期28卷 1345-1352页

作者： marc Niklès Omnisens SA Riond-Bosson 3CH-1110 MorgesSwitzerland

As fiber optic distributed scattering sensing systems are providing innovative solutions for the monitoring of large structures,the comparison of different techniques and solutions is difficult because of the lack of standardized specifications and the difficulty associated to the characterization of such *** article presents a tentative definition of performance specifications and qualification procedures applicable to fiber optic distributed sensing systems aiming at providing clear guidelines for their design,specifications,qualification,application and selection.

关键词：纤维光学传感器分布式散射传感系统发展前景应用布里渊散射空间分辨率温度

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NON SPURIOUS SPECTRAL-LIKE ELEMENT METHODS FOR MAXWELL'S EQUATIONS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2007年第3期25卷 282-304页

作者： Gary Cohen marc Duruflé INRIA Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt-BP 10578153 Le Chesnay CedexFrance

In this paper, we give the state of the art for the so called “mixed spectral elements” for Maxwell＇s equations. Several families of elements, such as edge elements and discon-tinuous Galerkin methods （DGM） are presented and discussed. In particular, we show the need of introducing some numerical dissipation terms to avoid spurious modes in these methods. Such terms are classical for DGM but their use for edge element methods is novel approach described in this paper. Finally, numerical experiments show the fast and low-cost character of these elements.

关键词： Maxwell's equations Discontinuous Galerkin methods Edge elements Masslumping.

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Precision Measurement of Complex Optics Using a Scanning‑Point Multiwavelength Interferometer Operating in the Visible Domain

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2023年第2期6卷 19-26页

作者： marc Wendel Ametek GmbH/BU Taylor Hobson Rudolf-Diesel-Str.1664331 WeiterstadtGermany

The growing demands of optical systems have led to increasingly complex aspheres and *** this paper,an established measurement system in asphere production,which is also a promising approach in high-precision freeform metrology,is *** is based on a scanning-point multiwavelength interferometer *** scanning principle enables great fexibility,reduces setup time and costs,and has almost no limitations in spherical *** to the absolute measurement capability,the utilized multiwavelength approach is benefcial for segmented,annular,and discrete surfaces,which are common designs of modern applications’optical *** metrology system enables measurements on a nanometer scale on a great variety of apertures—from 1 to 1000 ***,a new short-coherence multiwavelength interferometer operating in the visible domain has been *** enables the high-precision measurement on silicon-coated surfaces,which can be found in space applications and are also commonly used for extreme-ultraviolet(EUV)lithographic setups,which will be used as an example throughout this *** to the large absolute measurement capability,applied grating structures for suppressing infrared light in the EUV process can easily be *** paper summarizes the basic working principles of the proposed metrology system,explains the special requirements for diferent felds of application,highlights the capabilities of the visible multiwavelength approach,and shows the measurement results.

关键词： Multiwavelength interferometer Scanning-point sensor Metrology Short coherence interferometry

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Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Lawsonia inermis Leaf Extracts from Burkina Faso

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 552-576页

作者： Ollo Youl Soumaïla Konaté Ernest N. Sombié Rainatou Boly Boukaré Kaboré Moumouni Koala Arouna Zoungrana Saybou Savadogo Christian marc Tahita Innocent Valea Halidou Tinto Adama Hilou Maminata Traoré-Coulibaly Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Chimie Applique (LABIOCA) Universit de Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Agence Nationale Pour la Scurit Sanitaire de lEnvironnement de lAlimentation du Travail et des Produits de Sant (ANSSEAT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Recherche-Dveloppement de Phytomdicaments et Mdicaments (L-RD/PM) Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant (IRSS-CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et de Physique Applique (LCOPA) cole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre (LASVT) cole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie Universit Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso Unit de Recherche Clinique de Nanoro Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant (IRSS-CNRST) Nanoro Burkina Faso

Lawsonia inermis is a hairless plant growing in various regions of North Africa, the Indian subcontinent, and the Middle East. It possesses many medicinal attributes, including curative properties against infectious dermatoses. This study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical profile of the crude ethanolic extract of the plant leaves and its fractions as well as their antimicrobial activities. The phytochemical profile was performed using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Additionally, the phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric and the aluminum trichloride methods. Antimicrobial activity was tested using disc diffusion and microdilution methods. The presence of flavonoids, tannins, sterols, and triterpenes was revealed. GC-MS detected twelve compounds main compounds consisting of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and phenolic and terpenoid compounds among twenty-seven components. HPLC also detected high contents of phenolic acids and flavonoids. The most abundant triterpene and sterols were ursolic acid (around 43.14 g/100g DW, 13.9 g/100g dry weight (DW), and 0.68 g/100g DW) in the crude ethanolic extract of leaves (FeLi), hexane fraction (FHLi) and dichloromethane fraction (FDLi), respectively and, β-sitosterol in FeLi (56.7 mg/100g DW), FHLi (10.55 g/100g DW), FDLi (106.1 mg/100g DW) and butanol fraction (FBLi) (357.4 mg/100g DW). Among the flavonoids, rutin = 3.24 g/100g and quercetin = 0.63 g/100g in the ethanolic extract, rutin = 15.73 g/100g in the dichloromethane fraction, and rutin = 0.23 g/100g) in the aqueous fraction;and among phenolic compounds, caffeic acid (37.65 g/100g DW) and vanillic acid (22.70 g/100g DW) were the most important in the ethyl acetate fraction (FAeLi). All organic fractions exhibited interesting antibacterial and antifungal activities against the tested s

关键词： Lawsonia inermis Phytochemical Profile HPLC GC-MS Analysis Antimicrobial Activity

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追影人

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中国国家天文 2024年第2期18卷 20-27页

作者：马克·布伊刘晗(译) 不详对外经济贸易大学英语学院北京外国语大学北京师范大学

通过业余望远镜观测者的通力合作,观测者们可以发现贯穿整个太阳系的小天体细节。你在用望远镜找什么呢?趣的东西吗?既然如此,不妨试试去寻找掩食吧。掩食是指一个天体从另一个天体前面经过,把后面那个天体挡住了。这个概念跟日食一样:... 详细信息

通过业余望远镜观测者的通力合作,观测者们可以发现贯穿整个太阳系的小天体细节。你在用望远镜找什么呢?趣的东西吗?既然如此,不妨试试去寻找掩食吧。掩食是指一个天体从另一个天体前面经过,把后面那个天体挡住了。这个概念跟日食一样:把我们的太阳换成遥远的恒星,把我们的月亮换成小行星或其他太阳系天体。

关键词：观测者日食小天体小行星望远镜太阳系天体恒星通力合作

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An integrated hard- and soft-ware triboelectrochemical test rig for tribocorrosion experiments

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Friction 2015年第3期3卷 256-258页

作者： marc BELLANTONIO TRIBOtechnic 4 rue ValitonF-92110 ClichyFrance

Tribocorrosion is a degradation mechanism resulting from the interaction of mechanical(wear)and chemical(corrosion)*** interaction leads to surface damage that does not correspond to the simple sum of wear and corrosion taken *** tribocorrosion of material pairings thus requires the capability not only to control the mechanical and chemical test parameters but also to identify the relative contribution of corrosion and wear in the overall material *** paper describes a novel laboratory tribocorrosion test set-up combining in one experiment the control of mechanical input(load,velocity,and frequency)and output(friction and wear)parameters as well as the control of corrosion phenomena through a series of dedicated electrochemical methods(open circuit,potentiostatic and potentiodynamic measurements).The possibilities offered by this set-up are illustrated by selected case studies.

关键词： tribocorrosion friction and corrosion tribotechnic

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布雷顿森林体系可为未来全球经济秩序奠定基础

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清华金融评论 2024年第8期 42-43页

作者：朱民马克·乌赞不详布雷顿森林体系委员会

当前世界面临不稳定性与诸多冲突,布雷顿森林体系可以为未来全球经济秩序奠定基础。布雷顿森林体系的目标是确保全球金融稳定、确保全球经济繁荣。在过去的数十年里,全球化一直是推动经济发展的重要动力,但当前出现了碎片化的情况。我... 详细信息

当前世界面临不稳定性与诸多冲突,布雷顿森林体系可以为未来全球经济秩序奠定基础。布雷顿森林体系的目标是确保全球金融稳定、确保全球经济繁荣。在过去的数十年里,全球化一直是推动经济发展的重要动力,但当前出现了碎片化的情况。我们需要将一个碎片化的全球经济重新组合在一起,推动未来世界变得更加公正、平等与包容。

关键词：布雷顿森林体系全球经济秩序推动经济发展全球金融不稳定性碎片化经济繁荣全球化

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About the J/ψ J/ψ peak of LHCb: fully-charmed tetraquark?

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Science Bulletin 2020年第23期65卷 1954-1955页

作者： Jean-marc Richard Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis IN2P3&UniversitéClaude Bernard4 rue Enrico Fermi69622 VilleurbanneFrance

Since several decades, a particular attention has been devoted to hadrons with anomalous properties [1–5]. On the experimental side, the search has been very difficult and disappointing. For instance, in the early 60’s, there has been some claims for baryon resonances with strangeness S=+1, the so-called Z baryons, while the established baryons have either S=0 or S < 0. But the Z spectrum was based on somewhat hazardous analyses of K+-nucleon scattering data without spin observables, and it faded away. It reappeared under the name of θ pentaquark, but it was never firmly established.

关键词： devoted instance observable

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