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Computational modelling of gas–liquid–solid multiphase free surface flow with and without evaporation

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 218-235页

作者： Huihuang Xia marc Kamlah Institute for Applied Materials(IAM) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

Gas–liquid–solid multiphase systems are ubiquitous in engineering applications,*** printing,spray drying and *** a numerical framework for modelling these multiphase systems is of great *** improved,resolved computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method(CFD-DEM)framework is developed to model the multiphase free surface flow with and without *** improved capillary force model is developed to compute the capillary interactions for partially floating particles at a free *** well-known benchmark cases,namely drag coefficient calculation,the single sphere settling,and drafting-kissing-tumbling of two particles are conducted to validate the resolved CFD-DEM *** turns out that the resolved CFD-DEM model developed in this paper can accurately calculate the fluid–solid interactions and predict the trajectory of solid particles interacting with the liquid *** demonstrations,namely two particles moving along a free surface when the liquid phase evaporates,and particle transport and accumulations inside an evaporating sessile droplet show the performance of the resolved model.

关键词： Capillary force Discrete element method Liquid bridge Particle transport Resolved CFD-DEM Volume of fluid

Bound and Resonating Multiquark Configurations

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第8期41卷 8-12页

作者： Jean-marc Richard Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon Université Claude Bernard(Lyon 1) CNRS-IN2P34 rue Enrico Fermi69622 VilleurbanneFrance

We review the predictions of quark models for multiquark configurations that are bound or resonant states,and compare different methods for estimating the properties of resonances.

关键词： quark Configuration resonant

Sperm function, mitochondrial activity and in vivo fertility are associated to their mitochondrial DNA content in pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1550-1558页

作者： marc Llavanera Yentel Mateo‑Otero Estel Vinolas‑Vergés Sergi Bonet marc Yeste Unit of Cell Biology Department of BiologyFaculty of SciencesUniversity of GironaGirona ES‑17003Spain Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction(technoSperm) Institute of Food and Agricultural TechnologyUniversity of GironaGirona ES‑17003Spain Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies(ICREA) Barcelona ES‑08010Spain

Background Despite their low abundance in sperm, mitochondria have diverse functions in this cell type, includ-ing energy production, signalling and calcium regulation. In humans, sperm mitochondrial DNA content(mtDNAc) has been reported to be negatively linked to sperm function and fertility. Yet, the association between mtDNAc and sperm function in livestock remains unexplored. For this reason, this study aimed to shed some light on the link between mtDNAc and sperm function and fertilising potential in pigs. A qPCR method for mtDNAc quantification was optimised for pig sperm, and the association of this parameter with sperm motility, kinematics, mitochondrial activity, and fertility was subsequently *** First, the q PCR method was found to be sensitive and efficient for mtDNAc quantification in pig sperm. By using this technique, mtDNAc was observed to be associated to sperm motility, mitochondrial activity and in vivo, but not in vitro, fertility outcomes. Specifically, sperm with low mtDNAc were seen to exhibit greater motility but decreased mitochondrial activity and intracellular reactive oxygen species. Interestingly, samples with lower mtD-NAc showed higher conception and farrowing rates, but similar in vitro fertilisation rates and embryo development, when compared to those with greater *** these findings enrich our comprehension of the association of mtDNAc with sperm biology, and lay the foundation for future research into employing this parameter as a molecular predictor for sperm function and fer-tility in livestock.

关键词： Fertility Mitochondria Motility mtDNA copy number qPCR Sperm

Piezoelectric resonant ice protection systems–Part1/2:Prediction of power requirement for de-icing a NACA 0024 leading edge

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 92-103页

作者： Valerian PALANQUE Jason POtHIN Vale′rie POMMIER-BUDINGER marc BUDINGER Institut Clement Ader University of ToulouseINSAISAE-SUPAEROMINES ALBIUPSCNRSToulouse 31055France ISAE-SUPAERO University of Toulouse10 Avenue Edouard BelinToulouse 31055France

this paper proposes a numerical method to analyze the ice protection capability and predict the power requirements of a piezoelectric resonant de-icing *** method is based on a coupled electro-mechanical finite element analysis which enables the fast computation of the modes of resonance of interest to de-ice curved surfaces and the estimation of the input voltage and current required for a given configuration(defined by its mode,actuator location,ice deposit,etc.).Eventually,the electric power to be supplied can be also *** method is applied to a NACA 0024 leading edge equipped with piezoelectric ***,two extension modes are analyzed and compared with respect to their efficiency and power ***,tests are carried out in an icing tunnel to verify the effectiveness of the piezoelectric ice protection system and the predictions of the maximal required *** system allows de-icing the leading edge in less than 2 s for a glaze ice deposit.

关键词： Ice protection system Piezoelectric Resonance mode Ice fracture Leading edge de-icing

Populism as a Crisis of Democratic Legitimacy:With Some References to France and the United States

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2024年第2期17卷 193-209页

作者： Jean-marc Coicaud Law and Global Affairs Rutgers UniversityRutgersUSA Fudan Institute for Advanced Study in Social Sciences ShanghaiChina

Populism combines the following characteristics:a rejection of economic policies linked to globalization;a condemnation of political and economic elites perceived as allied,directly or indirectly,to globalization policies;a nationalist conception of the national interest;a mistrust of immigration,seen as a threat to identity;as for populism’s supporters,a rather popular sociological profile,and an electoral profile that tends toward the“hard right”(“droite dure”),without ruling out bridges to the“hard left”(“gauche dure”).Having said this,I propose to defend three theses:populism is not the solution to the problems of the countries where it is developing,whether in France,the United States or elsewhere;it would be dangerous,however,to ignore the crises of which populism is the product;it is essential to take the measure of the problems that favor its emergence and to try to provide answers to them.

关键词： Populism Democratic legitimacy Hard right Hard left

Bioinspired supramolecular macrocycle hybrid membranes with enhanced proton conductivity

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 797-805页

作者： Pengfei Yang Linlin Xu Panagiotis trogadas marc-Olivier Coppens Yang Lan Centre for Nature Inspired Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUK

Enhancing the proton conductivity of proton exchange membranes(PEMs)is essential to expand the applications of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs).Inspired by the proton conduction mechanism of bacteriorhodopsin,cucurbit[n]urils(CB[n],where n is the number of glycoluril units,n=6,7,or 8)are introduced into sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)(SPEEK)matrix to fabricate hybrid PEMs,employing a nature-inspired chemical engineering(NICE)*** carbonyl groups of CB[n]act as proton-conducting sites,while the host–guest interaction between CB[n]and water molecules offers extra protonconducting ***,the molecular size of CB[n]aids in their dispersion within the SPEEK matrix,effectively bridging the unconnected proton-conducting sulfonic group domains within the SPEEK ***,all hybrid membranes exhibit significantly enhanced proton ***,the SPEEK membrane incorporating 1 wt.%CB[8](CB[8]/SPEEK-1%)demonstrates the highest proton conductivity of 198.0 mS·cm^(−1) at 60°C and 100%relative humidity(RH),which is 228%greater than that of the pure SPEEK membrane under the same ***,hybrid membranes exhibit superior fuel cell *** CB[8]/SPEEK-1%membrane achieves a maximum power density of 214 mW·cm^(−2),representing a 140%improvement over the pure SPEEK membrane(89 mW·cm^(−2))at 50°C and 100%*** findings serve as a foundation for constructing continuous proton-conducting pathways within membranes by utilizing supramolecular macrocycles as fuel cell electrolytes and in other applications.

关键词： supramolecular macrocycle proton conductivity cucurbit[n]uril proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Piezoelectric resonant ice protection systems-Part 2/2:Evaluation of benefits at aircraft level

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 50-63页

作者： Valerian PALANQUE thomas PLANES Pommier-Budinger VALERIE Budinger marc Delbecq SCOtt Institut Clement Ader(ICA) INSAISAE-SUPAEROMINES ALBIUPSCNRSUniversity of Toulouse31400 ToulouseFrance Federation ENAC ISAE-SUPAERO ONERA University of Toulouse31400 ToulouseFrance

Piezoelectric resonant de-icing systems are attracting great *** paper aims to assess the implementation of these systems at the aircraft *** article begins with the model to compute the power requirement of a piezoelectric resonant de-icing system sized from the prototype detailed in Part 1/2 of this *** the mass,drag,and fuel consumption of this system and the subcomponents needed for its implementation are *** features of a piezoelectric resonant de-icing system are finally computed for aircraft similar to Airbus A320 aircraft and aircraft of different categories(Boeing 787,AtR 72 and tBM 900)and compared with the existing thermal and mechanical ice protection systems.A sensitivity analysis of the main key sizing parameters of the piezoelectric de-icing system is also performed to identify the main axes of improvement for this *** study shows the potential of such ice protection *** particular,for the realistic input parameters chosen in this work,the electro-mechanical solution can provide a 54% reduction in terms of mass and a 92% reduction in terms of power consumption for an A320 aircraft architecture,leading to a 74% decrease in the associated fuel consumption compared to the actual air bleed system.

关键词： Ice protection system De-icing Piezoelectric Electro-mechanical system Power Fuel consumption

Immunobiodiversity:Conserved and specific immunity across land plants and beyond

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 92-111页

作者： Baptiste Castel Karima El Mahboubi Christophe Jacquet Pierre-marc Delaux Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales(LRSV) Universitéde ToulouseCNRSUPSToulouse INPCastanet-TolosanFrance

Angiosperms represent most plants that humans cultivate,grow,and ***,angiosperms are only one of five major land plant *** a whole lineage,plants also include algal *** these clades represent a tremendous genetic diversity that can be investigated to reveal the evolutionary history of any given *** this review,we describe the current model of the plant immune system,discuss its evolution based on the recent literature,and propose future directions for the *** angiosperms,plant–microbe interactions have been intensively studied,revealing essential cell surface and intracellular immune receptors,as well as metabolic and hormonal defense *** diversity at the genomic and functional levels demonstrates the conservation of these pathways across land plants,some of which are beyond *** basis of the conserved mechanisms,lineage-specific variations have occurred,leading to diversified reservoirs of immune *** rare cases,this diversity has been harnessed and successfully transferred to other species by integration of wild immune receptors or engineering of novel forms of receptors for improved resistance to *** propose that exploring further the diversity of immune mechanisms in the whole plant lineage will reveal completely novel sources of resistance to be deployed in crops.

关键词： evolution MPMI immunity plant evoMPMI symbiosis

Understanding the initial use stage of cement mortar lining in drinking water distribution systems:Silicon and aluminum as stability indicators

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 495-505页

作者： Qiaozhi Liu Yuan Zhuang Guiwei Li Yao Zhang marc A.Edwards Baoyou Shi Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA

the cement mortar lining(CML)of commonly used ductile iron pipes can severely deteriorate the drinking water quality at the initial stage of use,but the behavioral characteristics of different elements release from the CML in this stage is still *** this study,dynamic immersion experiments with new cement mortar lined ductile iron pipe reactors were conducted under different feed water hardness and alkalinity *** results showed that the release of alkaline substances from the CML at the initial stage of use could strongly influence the pH of water,which consequently greatly impacted the release/precipitation behaviors of calcium,aluminum and *** pH and aluminum concentration of the effluent water could reach 11.5 and 700μg/L within 24 hr of hydraulic retention time,respectively,under conditions of relatively lower hardness and *** to the pH elevation,calcium carbonate precipitation could occur even at much lower feed water *** the aluminum and silicon could keep release from the CML in soluble form at different hardness and alkalinity levels,and their release rate depended on the amount of calcium carbonate ***,aluminum and silicon were more suitable as indicators of the corrosion intensity at the initial stage of CML use rather than the traditional calcium carbonate precipitation *** feed water hardness and alkalinity levels for mitigating the initial intense corrosion of CML were proposed:hardness>40 mg/L(CaCO_(3)),alkalinity>100 mg/L(CaCO_(3)).

关键词： Cement mortar lining Hardness Alkalinity Elemental release Drinking water supply