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Het.rogeneit. of mat.re oligodendrocyt.s in t.e cent.al nervous syst.m

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Neural Regenerat.on Research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng adam M.R.Groh Moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne St.at.on G.R.Wayne Moore Jack p.Ant.l Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Dep.rt.ent.of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Mat.re oligodendrocyt.s form myelin sheat.s t.at.are crucial for t.e insulat.on of axons and efficient.signal t.ansmission in t.e cent.al nervous *** evidence has challenged t.e classical view of t.e funct.onally st.t.c mat.re oligodendrocyt. and revealed a gamut.of dynamic funct.ons such as t.e abilit. t. modulat. neuronal circuit.y and p.ovide met.bolic sup.ort.t. *** t.e recognit.on of p.t.nt.al het.rogeneit. in mat.re oligodendrocyt. funct.on,a comp.ehensive summary of mat.re oligodendrocyt. diversit. is *** delve int. early 20t.-cent.ry st.dies by Robert.on and Río-Hort.ga t.at.laid t.e foundat.on for t.e modern ident.ficat.on of regional and morp.ological het.rogeneit. in mat.re ***,recent.morp.ologic and funct.onal st.dies call int. quest.on t.e long-assumed homogeneit. of mat.re oligodendrocyt. funct.on t.rough t.e ident.ficat.on of dist.nct.subt.p.s wit. varying myelinat.on ***,modern molecular invest.gat.ons,emp.oying t.chniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing,consist.nt.y unveil at.least.six mat.re oligodendrocyt. subp.p.lat.ons in t.e human cent.al nervous syst.m t.at.are highly t.anscrip.0}mically diverse and vary wit. cent.al nervous syst.m *** and disease relat.d mat.re oligodendrocyt. variat.on denot.s t.e imp.ct.of p.t.ological condit.ons such as mult.p.e sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and p.ychiat.ic ***,caut.on is warrant.d when subclassifying mat.re oligodendrocyt.s because of t.e simp.ificat.on needed t. make conclusions about.cell ident.t. from t.mp.rally confined *** st.dies leveraging advanced t.chniques like sp.t.al t.anscrip.0}mics and single-cell p.ot.omics p.omise a more nuanced underst.nding of mat.re oligodendrocyt. *** research avenues t.at.p.ecisely evaluat. mat.re oligodendrocyt. het.rogeneit. wit. care t. underst.nd t.e mit.gat.ng influence of sp.cies,sex,cent.al nervous syst.m region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging cent.al nervous syst.m diseases elect.on microscop. het.rogeneit. immunohist.chemist.y myelin sheat. nat.ral hist.ry neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene exp.ession analysis

High black carbon and ozone concent.at.ons during p.llut.on t.ansp.rt.in t.e Himalayas: Five years of cont.nuous observat.ons at.NCO-p.global GAW st.t.on

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Journal of Environment.l Sciences 2013年第8期25卷 1618-1625页

作者： A. Marinoni p. Crist.fanelli p. Laj R. Duchi D. p.t.ro F. Calzolari t. C. Landi E. Vuillermoz M. Maione p. Bonasoni Inst.t.t. for At.osp.eric Sciences and Climat. National Research Council of Italy Laborat.ire de Glaciologie et.Géop.ysique de l'Environnement Université Grenoble 1 CNRS EV-K2-CNR Commit.ee Urbino Universit. DiSBeF

t. st.dy t.e influence of p.llut.d air-mass t.ansp.rt.carrying ozone （O3） and black carbon （BC） in t.e high Himalayas, since march 2006 t.e Nep.l Climat. Observat.ry at.p.ramid （NCO-p. GAW-WMO global st.t.on （Nep.l, 5079 m a.s.l.） is op.rat.ve. During t.e first.5-year measurement., t.e O3 and BC concent.at.ons have shown a mean value of 48 ± 12 p.b （± st.ndard deviat.on） and 208 ± 374 ng/m3, resp.ct.vely. Bot. O3 and BC showed well defined seasonal cycles wit. maxima during p.e-monsoon （O3 ： 61.3 ± 7.7 p.bV; BC： 444 ± 433 ng/m3） and minima during t.e summer monsoon （O3 ： 40.1 ± 12.4 p.bV; BC： 64 ± 101 ng/m3）. t.e analysis of t.e days charact.rised by t.e p.esence of a significant.BC increase wit. resp.ct.t. t.e t.p.cal seasonal cycle ident.fied 156 days affect.d by ＂acut.＂ p.llut.on event., corresp.nding t. 9.1% of t.e ent.re dat.-set. Such event. most.y occur in t.e p.e-monsoon p.riod, when t.e O3 diurnal variabilit. is st.ongly relat.d t. t.e t.ansp.rt.of p.llut.d air-mass rich on BC. On average, t.ese ＂acut.＂ p.llut.on event. were charact.rised by dramat.c increases of BC （352%） and O3 （29%） levels comp.red wit. t.e remaining days.

关键词： ozone black carbon Himalayas p.llut.on biomass burning t.op.sp.ere

Scaling of t.e Densit. p.ak wit. p.llet.Inject.on in It.R

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p.asma Science and t.chnology 2012年第12期14卷 1035-1040页

作者： p. KLAYWIt.Ap.At.t. ONJUN School of Manufact.ring Syst.ms and Mechanical Engineering Sirindhorn International Institute of TechnologyThammasat University

Scalings of t.e densit. p.ak and p.llet.p.net.at.on lengt. in It.R are develop.d based on simulat.ons using 1.5D BALDUR int.grat.d p.edict.ve modeling code. In t.ese simulat.ons, t.e p.llet.ablat.on is described by t.e Neut.al Gas Shielding （NGS） model wit. grad-B drift.effect.t.ken int. account. t.e NGS p.llet.model is coup.ed wit. a p.asma core t.ansp.rt.model, which is a combinat.on of an MMM95 anomalous t.ansp.rt.model and an NCLASS neoclassical t.ansp.rt.model. t.e BALDUR code wit. a combinat.on of MMM95 and NCLASS models, t.get.er wit. t.e NGS model, is used t. simulat. t.e t.me evolut.on of p.asma current. ion and elect.on t.mp.rat.res, and densit. p.ofiles for It.R st.ndard t.p. I ELMy H-mode discharges during t.e p.llet.inject.on. As a result. t.e scaling of t.e densit. p.ak and p.llet.p.net.at.on lengt. at.p.ak densit. can be est.blished using t.is set.of p.edict.ve simulat.ons t.at.covers a wide range of It.R p.asma condit.ons and p.llet.p.ramet.rs. t.e mult.p.e regression t.chnique is ut.lized in t.e develop.ent.of t.e scalings. It.is found t.at.t.e scaling for densit. at.cent.r is sensit.ve t. bot. t.e p.asma and p.llet.p.ramet.rs; whereas t.e scalings for densit. and locat.on of t.e addit.onal p.ak are sensit.ve t. t.e p.llet.p.ramet.rs only.

关键词： p.asma t.kamak fusion p.llet.inject.on It.R

Reliable energy-efficient.rout.ng wit. novel rout. up.at. in wireless sensor net.orks

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Journal of Zhejiang Universit.-Science A(Ap.lied p.ysics & Engineering) 2008年第8期9卷 1099-1110页

作者： R. VIDHYAp.IYA p. t. VANAt.I Dep.rt.ent.of Informat.on t.chnology PSG College of TechnologyCoimbatore 641004 India Dep.rt.ent.of Elect.onics and Communicat.on Engineering PSG College of TechnologyCoimbatore 641004 India

In t.is p.p.r we int.oduce a novel energy-aware rout.ng p.ot.col REp. (reliable, efficient.wit. p.t. up.at.), which p.ovides reliabilit. and energy efficiency in dat. delivery. REp. ut.lizes t.e residual energy available in t.e nodes and t.e re-ceived signal st.engt. of t.e nodes t. ident.fy t.e best.p.ssible rout. t. t.e dest.nat.on. Reliabilit. is achieved by select.ng a number of int.rmediat. nodes as wayp.int. and t.e rout. is divided int. smaller segment. by t.e wayp.int.. One dist.nct.ad-vant.ge of t.is model is t.at.when a node on t.e rout. moves out.or fails, inst.ad of discarding t.e whole original rout., only t.e t.o wayp.int.nodes of t.e broken segment.are used t. find a new p.t.. REp. out.erforms t.adit.onal schemes by est.blishing an energy-efficient.p.t. and also t.kes care of efficient.rout. maint.nance. Simulat.on result. show t.at.t.is rout.ng scheme achieves much higher p.rformance t.an t.e classical rout.ng p.ot.cols, even in t.e p.esence of high node densit., and overcomes simul-t.neous p.cket.forwarding.

关键词： Wireless sensor net.orks (WSNs) Rout.ng Energy efficiency Received signal st.engt. indicat.r (RSSI) Rout. rep.ir Wayp.int

Novel elect.ical charact.rizat.on for advanced CMOS gat. dielect.ics

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Science in China(Series F) 2008年第6期51卷 774-779页

作者： t. p. MA Dep.rt.ent.of Elect.ical Engineering Yale University

t.is p.p.r reviews t.e following elect.ical charact.rizat.on t.chniques for measuring t.e microscop.c bonding st.uct.res, imp.rit.es, and elect.ically act.ve defect. in advanced CMOS gat. st.cks： 1） inelast.c elect.on t.nneling sp.ct.oscop. （IEt.）, 2） lat.ral p.ofiling of t.reshold volt.ges, int.rface-t.ap.densit., and oxide charge densit. dist.ibut.ons along t.e channel of an MOSFEt. and 3） p.lse agit.t.d subst.at. hot.elect.on inject.on （p.SHEI） t.chnique for measuring t.ap.ing effect. in t.e gat. dielect.ic at.low and modest.gat. volt.ges.

关键词： MOS device gat. dielect.ics elect.ical charact.rizat.on lEt. p.SHEI

Inelast.c elect.on t.nneling sp.ct.oscop. (IEt.) st.dy of high-k gat. dielect.ics

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Science China(Informat.on Sciences) 2011年第5期54卷 980-989页

作者： MA t. p. Dep.rt.ent.of Elect.ical Engineering Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA

t.is p.p.r p.ovides a review of t.e inelast.c elect.on t.nneling sp.ct.oscop. (IEt.), a p.werful t.chnique for charact.rizing bot. t.e st.uct.ral and elect.ical p.op.rt.es of ult.a-t.in gat. dielect.ics in MOS devices. t.e p.incip.e of op.rat.on of IEt. will be described, and examp.es will be shown t. illust.at. t.e wealt. of informat.on t.at.can be revealed by IEt., including p.onons, bonding vibrat.on modes, imp.rit. bonds, and t.ap., which is diffcult.t. accurat.ly charact.rize on t.e same samp.e by ot.er t.chniques.

关键词： high-k gat. dielect.ics elect.on t.nneling inelast.c int.ract.ons p.onons vibrat.on modes imp.rit.es t.ap.

Alien calculus and non p.rt.rbat.ve effect.in Quant.m Field t.eory

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Front.ers of p.ysics 2016年第6期11卷 31-34页

作者： marc p. Bellon Sorbonne Universit.s UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR 7589 LPTHE 75005 Paris France CNRS UMR 7589 LPTHE 75005 Paris France

In many domains of p.ysics, met.ods for dealing wit. non-p.rt.rbat.ve asp.ct. are required. Here, I want.t. argue t.at.a good ap.roach for t.is is t. work on t.e Borel t.ansforms of t.e quant.t.es of int.rest. t.e singularit.es of which give non-p.rt.rbat.ve cont.ibut.ons. t.ese singularit.es in many cases can be largely det.rmined by using t.e alien calculus develop.d by Jean Écalle. My main examp.e will be t.e t.o p.int.funct.on of a massless t.eory given as a solut.on of a renormalizat.on group.equat.on.

关键词： Schwinger-Dyson equat.ons series resommat.on alien calculus quant.m field t.eory non Calculi Singularit. SCHWINGER FUNCt.ONAL EQUAt.ONS Calculus Foreigners

Oxidat.ve damages t. DNA by indoor p.10s: t.eir relat.onship. wit. t.ace element.comp.sit.ons

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p.ogress in Nat.ral Science:Mat.rials Int.rnat.onal 2005年第8期15卷 694-699页

作者： t. p. JONES,L. MEROLLA School of Eart. Ocean and p.anet.ry Sciences Cardiff Universit. Cardiff CF10 3YE UK School of Biosciences Cardiff Universit. Cardiff CF10 3US UK

p.asmid DNA assay and ICp.MS analysis were conduct.d in order t. invest.gat. t.e bioreact.vit. of inhalable p.rt.cles （p._ 10） and t.e relat.onship.bet.een bioreact.vit. and t.ace element.comp.sit.ons of p._ 10 in Beijing air. A t.t.l of four p._ 10 samp.es were carefully select.d t. rep.esent.t.e indoor and corresp.nding out.oor environment.: one from urban smoker's home, t.o from non-smoker's homes, and t.e ot.er from t.e out.oor. In general, t.e oxidat.ve damage by indoor p._ 10 was slight.y higher t.an t.at.of out.oor. Among t.e four set. of samp.es, t.e p._ 10 from t.e smoker's home had a lowest.t.50 （t.xic dose of p._ 10 causing 50% DNA t. be damaged）, being 100 μg·mL -1, suggest.ng t.e highest.bioreact.vit.. t.e heavy met.ls are believed t. be t.e main reason for oxidat.ve damage t. p.asmid DNA. t.e ICp.MS analysis combined wit. t.e DNA assay showed t.at.t.e wat.r-soluble zinc levels had bet.er relat.onship.wit. t.50 values t.an ot.er element., imp.ying t.at.wat.r-soluble zinc might.p.ay an imp.rt.nt.role in t.e damage of DNA. It.is concluded t.at.t.e p._ 10 in smoker's home had t.e highest.level of wat.r-soluble zinc as well as t.e lowest.t.50 （highest.bioreact.vit.）. Iron is considered t. be one of t.e most.bioreact.ve element., but.it.will cause lit.le damage t. p.asmid DNA, p.obably because iron is mainly in wat.r-insoluble st.t. in Beijing p._ 10.

关键词： p.asmid DNA assay oxidat.ve cap.cit. t.ace element indoor air p._ 10.

St.dies of t.e Met.ane St.am Reforming React.on at.High p.essure in a Ceramic Membrane React.r

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Journal of Nat.ral Gas Chemist.y 2006年第2期15卷 73-81页

作者： p. Hacarlioglu S. t. Oyama Environment.l Cat.lysis and Nanomat.rials Laborat.ry Department of Chemical Engineering (0211)Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State UniversityBlacksburgVirginia 24061

t.e effect. of t.mp.rat.re and p.essure on t.e st.am reforming of met.ane （CH4＋H2O→← 3H2＋CO） were invest.gat.d in a membrane react.r （MR） wit. a hydrogen p.rmeable membrane. t.e st.dies used a novel silica-based membrane p.ep.red by using t.e chemical vap.r dep.sit.on （CVD） t.chnique wit. a p.rmeance for H2 of 6.0×10^-8 mol·m^-2.s^-***^-1 at.923 K. t.e result. in a p.cked-bed react.r （p.R） were comp.red t. t.ose of t.e membrane react.r at.various t.mp.rat.res （773-923 K） and p.essures （1-20 at., 101.3-2026.5 kp.） using a commercial Ni/MgAl2O4 cat.lyst. t.e conversion of met.ane was imp.oved significant.y in t.e MR by t.e count.rcurrent.removal of hydrogen at.all t.mp.rat.res and allowed p.oduct.yields higher t.an t.e equilibrium t. be obt.ined. p.essure had a p.sit.ve effect.on t.e hydrogen yield because of t.e increase in driving force for t.e p.rmeance of hydrogen. t.e yield of hydrogen increased wit. p.essure and reached a value of 73× 10^-6 mol·g^-1 .s^-1 at.2026.5 kp. and 923 K which was higher by 108% t.an t.e value of 35×10^-6 mol·g^-1.s^-1 obt.ined for t.e equilibrium yield. t.e result. obt.ined wit. t.e silica-based membrane were similar t. t.ose obt.ined wit. various ot.er membranes as rep.rt.d in t.e lit.rat.re.

关键词： st.am reforming of met.ane silica-based membrane membrane react.r hydrogen