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A critical readability and quality analysis of internet-based patient information on neck dissections

World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2023年第1期9卷 59-65页

作者： Elysia M.Grose Hyun Joo Kim Justine Philteos marc levin Jong Wook Lee Eric A.Monteiro Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Toronto6 Queen's Park Crescent WestTorontoM5S 3H2ONCanada Temerty Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto1 King's College CircleTorontoM5S 1A8ONCanada Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Sinai Health System600 University AvenueTorontoM5G 1×5ONCanada

Objective:Patients are increasingly turning to the Internet as a source of healthcare *** that neck dissection is a common procedure within the field of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,the aim of this study was to evaluate the quality and readability of online patient education materials on neck ***:A Google search was performed using the term"neck dissection."The first 10 pages of a Google search using the term"neck dissection"were *** DISCERN instrument was used to assess quality of *** was calculated using the Flesch-Reading Ease,Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level,Gunning-Fog Index,Coleman-Liau Index,and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook ***:Thirty-one online patient education materials were ***-five percent(n=17)of results originated from academic institutions or *** mean Flesch-Reading Ease score was 61.2±***-two percent(n=16)of patient education materials had Flesch-Reading Ease scores above the recommended score of *** average reading grade level was 10.5±*** average total DISCERN score was 43.6±*** 26%of patient education materials(PEMs)had DISCERN scores corresponding to a"good quality"*** was a significant positive correlation between DISCERN scores and both Flesch-Reading Ease scores and average reading grade ***:The majority of patient education materials were written above the recommended sixth-grade reading level and the quality of online information pertaining to neck dissections was found to be *** research highlights the need for patient education materials regarding neck dissection that are high quality and easily understandable by patients.

关键词： Health literacy Neck dissection Online patient education materials Quality Readability

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Metabolic cost of flight and aerobic efficiency in the rose chafer,Protaetia cuprea(Cetoniinae)

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Insect Science 2022年第5期29卷 1361-1372页

作者： Tomer Urca Eran levin Gal Ribak School of Zoology Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Steinhardt Museum of Natural History Israel National Center for Biodiversity StudiesTel AvivIsrael

Rose chafer beetles(Protetia cuprea)are pollinators as well as agricultural pests,flying between flowers and trees while foraging for pollen and *** the energy they expend on flying during foraging activity faces the challenge of measuring the metabolic rate(MR)of free-flying insects in an open *** overcame this challenge by using the bolus injection of ^(13)C Na-bicarbonate technique to measure their metabolic energy expenditure while flying in a large flight ***,we tracked the insects with high-speed cameras to extract their flight trajectory,from which we calculated the mechanical power invested in flying for each flight *** found that the chemical(metabolic)energy input converted to mechanical flight energy output at a mean efficiency of 10.4%±5.2%,with a trend of increased efficiency in larger conspecifics(efficiency scaled with body mass to the power of 1.4).The transition in the summer from a diet of pollen to that of fruits may affect the energy budget available for *** ***,feeding on apples ad libitum,increased their body mass by an average of 6%in 2 *** to our calculations,such a meal can power a 630-m flight(assuming a carbohydrate assimilation efficiency of 90%).Pollen,with a low water and carbohydrate content but rich in proteins and lipids,has a higher caloric content and should assimilate differently when converting food to flight *** high cost of aerial locomotion is inherent to the foraging behavior of rose chafers,explaining their short flight bouts followed by prolonged feeding activity.

关键词： aerobic eficieney bolus injection of^(13)C-Na-bicarbonate feeding capacity flight metabolic rate flower chafer bele free flight mechanical power

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Explosion of autoimmune diseases and the mosaic of old and novel factors

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第3期8卷 189-192页

作者： Nancy Agmon-levin Zhexiong Lian Yehuda Shoenfeld The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases and Department of Medicine B Sheba Medical CenterTel-HashomerIsrael Institute of Immunology and School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina Incumbent of the Laura Schwarz-Kip Chair for Research of Autoimmune Diseases Tel-Aviv University

In recent decades,an enormous effort has been made to elucidate the pathogenesis of autoimmune and autoinflammatory *** is a multifactorial process in which genetic,immunological,environmental and hormonal factors play in concert,together representing what was termed years ago the‘mosaic of autoimmunity’.To date,more than 80 systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases have been defined,and their cumulative burden is substantial,both medically and ***,the burden of autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases is rising,making these diseases a ubiquitous global phenomenon that is predicted to further increase in the coming *** this issue of the journal,additional aspects of autoimmunity are *** dysregulation and loss of self-tolerance are the cornerstones of autoimmunity.

关键词： ASIA autoimmunity vaccines silicone Golf war syndrome

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Intraspecific scaling and early life history determine the cost of free-flight in a large beetle(Batocera rufomaculata)

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 524-532页

作者： Tomer Urcai Eran levin Eran Gefen Gal Ribak Faculty of Life Sciences School of ZoologyTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Steinhardt Museum of Natural History Israel National Center for Biodiversity StudiesTel AvivIsrael Department of Biology University of Haifa-OranimKiryat TivonIsrael

The scaling of the energetic cost of locomotion with body mass is well documented at the interspecific ***,methodological restrictions limit our understanding of the scaling of flight metabolic rate(MR)in free-flying *** is particularly true at the intraspecific level,where variation in body mass and flight energetics may have direct consequences for the fitness of an *** applied a 13C stable isotope method to investigate the scaling of MR with body mass during free-flight in the beetle Batocera *** species exhibits large intraspecific variation in adult body mass as a consequence of the environmental conditions during larval *** show that the flight-MR scales with body mass to the power of 0.57,with smaller conspecifics possessing up to 2.3 fold higher mass-specific flight MR than larger *** the scaling exponent of free-flight MR was found to be like that determined for tethered-flight,the energy expenditure during free-flight was more than 2.7 fold higher than for *** metabolic cost of flight should therefore be studied under free-flight conditions,a requirement now enabled by the 13C technique described herein for insect flight.

关键词： allometry body mass Coleoptera free-flight insect flight stable carbon isotope tethered-flight

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Multitarget stool DNA for colorectal cancer screening:A review and commentary on the United States Preventive Services Draft Guidelines

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第5期8卷 450-458页

作者： Barry M Berger Bernard levin Robert J Hilsden Medical Affairs Exact Sciences Corporation Scientific Advisory Board Exact Sciences Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences University of Calgary

Multitarget stool DNA(mt-sDNA) testing was approved for average risk colorectal cancer(CRC) screening by the United States Food and Drug Administration and thereafter reimbursed for use by the Medicare program(2014).The United States Preventive Services Task Force(USPSTF) October 2015 draft recommendation for CRC screening included mt-s DNA as an "alternative" screening test that "may be useful in select clinical circumstances",despite its very high sensitivity for early stage *** evidence supporting mt-s DNA for routine screening use is *** clinical efficacy of mt-s DNA as measured by sensitivity,specificity,life-years gained(LYG),and CRC deaths averted is similar to or exceeds that of the other more specifically recommended screening options included in the draft document,especially those requiring annual testing *** a population with primarily irregular screening participation,tests with the highest point sensitivity and reasonable specificity are more likely to favorably impact CRC related morbidity and mortality than those depending on annual *** paper reviews the evidence supporting mt-s DNA for routine screening and demonstrates,using USPSTF's modeling data,that mt-s DNA at three-year intervals provides significant clinical net benefits and fewer complications per LYG than annual fecal immunochemical testing,high sensitivity guaiac based fecal occult blood testing and 10-year colonoscopy screening.

关键词： Colorectal cancer screening Multitarget stool DNA Stool DNA The United States Preventive Services Task Force Cancer Intervention Surveillance Modeling Network Fecal immunological technique Modeling Interval

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Thymoma and autoimmunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第3期8卷 199-202页

作者： Shahar Shelly Nancy Agmon-levin Arie Altman Yehuda Shoenfeld The Zabludovicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases Sheba Medical CenterTel-Hashomeraffiliated with Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityIsrael Department of Medicine‘B’ Sheba Medical CenterTel-HashomerIsrael Sackler Faculty of Medicine Incumbent of the Laura Schwarz-Kip Chair for Research of Zabludowitz Center for Autoimmune DiseasesTel-Aviv UniversityTel-AvivIsrael

The thymus is a central lymphatic organ that is responsible for many immunological functions,including the production of mature,functional T cells and the induction of *** or malignant tumors may originate from the thymus gland,with thymoma being the most common and accounting for 50% of anterior mediastinal *** linked to thymoma include the loss of self-tolerance and the presence of *** this review,we compiled the current scientific evidence detailing the various interactions between thymoma and autoimmune diseases,including myasthenia gravis,systemic lupus erythematosus,inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion,pure red cell aplasia,pernicious anemia,pemphigus and autoimmune thyroid *** recent years,several mechanisms have been proposed to explain these *** are based on the assumption that the‘sick’thymus,like the‘normal’thymus,can generate mature T cells;however,the T cells generated by the sick thymus are impaired and thus may exert cellular ***,we present several theories that may shed light on the loss of self-tolerance associated with this epithelial tumor of the thymus.

关键词： autoimmune diseases autoimmunity self-tolerance thymoma thymus

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Prediction of the flooding area of the northeastern Caspian Sea from satellite images

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2023年第2期14卷 191-200页

作者： Anzhelika T.Kamza Irina A.Kuznetsova Eugene L.levin Satbayev University Almaty 050013Kazakhstan Limited partnership"International Educational Corporation" Almaty 050043Kazakhstan School of Applied Computational Sciences Meharry Medical CollegeTennessee 37208USA

Studying the dynamic changes in the coastline of the northeastern Caspian Sea is significant since the level of the Caspian is unstable,and the coastline change can cause enormous damage to the ecology,economy,and population of the coastal part of *** this work,we use remote sensing and Geographic Information System(GIS)technologies to study the changes in the coastline of the northeastern Caspian Sea and predict the extent of flooding with increasing water *** proposed methodology for creating dynamic maps can be used to monitor the coastline and forecast the extent of flooding in the *** a result of this work,the main factors affecting changes in the coastline were *** analyzing the water level data from 1988 to 2019,it was revealed that the rise in water level was observed from 1980 to *** maximum sea level rise was recorded at-26.04 *** that,the sea level began to fall,and between 1996 and 2009,there were no significant changes;the water level fluctuated with an average of-27.18 ***,a map of the water level dynamics in the Caspian Sea from 1988 to 2019 was *** to the dynamics map,water level rise and significant coastal retreat were revealed,especially in the northern part of the Caspian Sea and the northern and southern parts of Sora *** method for predicting the estimated flooding area was *** a result,based on a single map,the flooding area of the northeast coast was predicted.A comparative analysis of Landsat and SRTM data is presented.

关键词： Caspian Sea Seabed Earth remote sensing GIS Landsat Prediction of the flooding area Ecology of coastline SRTM

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Retrospective analysis of hepatitis C infected patients treated through an integrated care model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第38期22卷 8558-8567页

作者： James M levin Shabnam Dabirshahsahebi Mindy Bauer Eric Huckins Department of Infectious Disease Dean Clinic

AIM To determine if our health system's integrated model reflects sustained virologic response(SVR) outcomes similar to those in clinical trial data, maximizes adherence, and averts drug *** Subjects with chronic hepatitis C had their medical records reviewed from November 1st, 2014 through march 1st, 2016. Patients eligible for treatment were entered into an integrated care model therapy algorithm. The primary outcome was SVR12 based on intention to treat(ITT) analysis. Inclusion criteria consisted of both treatment na?ve and experienced patients over the age of 18 who were at least twelve weeks post-therapy completion with any genotype(GT) or METAVIR score. Secondary outcomes included adherence, adverse events, and number of drug interaction *** At the time of analysis, 133 patients had reached twelve weeks post therapy with ITT. In the ITT analysis 70 patients were GT 1a, 26 GT 1b, 23 could not be differentiated between GT 1a or 1b, 8 GT 2, 4 GT 3, and 2 patients with multiple genotypes. The ITT treatment regimens consisted of 97 sofosbuvir(SOF)/ledipasvir(LDV), 8 SOF/LDV and ribavirin(RBV), 7 SOFand Simeprevir(SMV), 6 3D and RBV, 1 3D, 11 SOF and RBV, and 1 SOF, peg interferon alpha, and RBV. The overall SVR12 rate was 93% in the ITT analysis with a total of 6 patients relapsing. In patients with cirrhosis, 89% obtained SVR12. All 33 patients who were previous treatment failures achieved SVR12. Drug-drug interactions were identified in 56.4% of our patient population, 69 of which required interventions made by the pharmacist. The most common side effects were fatigue(41.4%), headache(28.6%), nausea(18.1%), and diarrhea(8.3%). No serious adverse effects were *** Dean Health System's integrated care model successfully managed patients being treated for hepatitis C virus(HCV). The integrated care model demonstrates high SVR rates amongst patients with different levels of fibrosis, genotypes, and HCV treatment histo

关键词： Hepatitis C Medication adherance Direct acting antiviral Sustained viral response Integrated care model

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An empirical movement model for sixgill sharks in Puget Sound： Combining observed and unobserved behavior

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Current Zoology 2012年第1期58卷 103-115页

作者： levin, Phillip S. Horne, Peter Andrews, Kelly S. Williams, Greg Northwest Fisheries Science Center 2725 Montlake Blvd E Seattle WA 98112 USA

Understanding the movement of animals is fundamental to population and community ecology. Historically, it has been difficult to quantify movement patterns of most fishes, but technological advances in acoustic telemetry have increased our abilities to monitor their movement. In this study, we combined small-scale active acoustic tracking with large-scale passive acoustic monitoring to develop an empirical movement model for sixgill sharks in Puget Sound, WA, USA. We began by testing whether a correlated random walk model described the daily movement of sixgills; however, the model failed to capture home-ranging behavior. We added this behavior and used the resultant model （a biased random walk model） to determine whether daily movement patterns are able to explain large-scale seasonal movement. The daily model did not explain the larger-scale pat- terns of movement observed in the passive monitoring data. In order to create the large-scale patterns, sixgills must have per- formed behaviors （large, fast directed movements） that were unobserved during small-scale active tracking. In addition, seasonal shifts in location were not captured by the dally model. We added these ＇unobserved＇ behaviors to the model and were able to capture large-scale seasonal movement of sixgill sharks over 150 days. The development of empirical models of movement al- lows researchers to develop hypotheses and test mechanisms responsible for a species movement behavior and spatial distribution. This knowledge will increase our ability to successfully manage species of concern [Current Zoology 58 （1）： 103-115, 2012].

关键词： Hexanchus griseus Movement Correlated random walk Biased random walk Displacement Movement model

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The energetics of cellular life transitions

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Life Metabolism 2024年第3期3卷 12-20页

作者： Anna S.Monzel Michael levin Martin Picard Department of Psychiatry Division of Behavioral MedicineCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNY 10032United States Department of Biology Tufts UniversityMedfordMA 02155United States Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University MedfordMA 02155United States Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard UniversityBostonMA 02115United States Department of Neurology H.Houston Merritt CenterColumbia Translational Neuroscience InitiativeCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNY 10032United States New York State Psychiatric Institute New YorkNY 10032United States Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center Columbia University Mailman School of Public HealthNew YorkNY 10032United States

Major life transitions are always difficult because change costs *** findings have demonstrated how mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation(OxPhos)defects increase the energetic cost of living and that excessive integrated stress response(ISR)signaling may prevent cellular identity transitions during *** this perspective,we discuss general bioenergetic principles of life transitions and the costly molecular processes involved in reprograming the cellular hardware/software as cells shift *** energetic cost of cellular differentiation has not been directly quantified,representing a gap in *** propose that the ISR is an energetic checkpoint evolved to(i)prevent OxPhos-deficient cells from engaging in excessively costly transitions and(ii)allow ISR-positive cells to recruit systemic energetic resources by signaling via GDF15 and the brain.

关键词： energy mitochondria signaling pathway growth differentiation factor 15 energy balance development

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