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Male reproductive suppression： not a social affair

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Current Zoology 2017年第5期63卷 573-579页

作者： Z. Valentina ZlZZRI Andrea JESSEN Joris M. koene Department of Ecological Science--Animal Ecology VU University Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1085 1081 HVAmsterdam The Netherlands

In the animal kingdom there are countless strategies via which males optimize their reproductivesuccess when faced with male-male competition. These male strategies typically fall into two maincategories： pre- and post-copulatory competition. Within these 2 categories, a set of behaviors,referred to as reproductive suppression, is known to cause inhibition of reproductive physiologyand/or reproductive behavior in an otherwise fertile individual. What becomes evident when con-sidering examples of reproductive suppression is that these strategies conventionally encompassreproductive interference strategies that occur between members of a hierarchical social ***, mechanisms aimed at impairing a competitor＇s reproductive output are also present innon-social animals. Yet, current thinking emphasizes the importance of sociality as the primarydriving force of reproductive suppression. Therefore, the question arises as to whether there is anactual difference between reproductive suppression strategies in social animals and equivalentpre-copulatory competition strategies in non-social animals. In this perspective paper we explore abroad taxonomic range of species whose individuals do not repeatedly interact with the same indi-viduals in networks and yet, depress the fitness of rivals. Examples like alteration of male repro-ductive physiology, female mimicry, rival spermatophore destruction, and cementing the rival＇sgenital region in non-social animals, highlight that male pre-copulatory reproductive suppressionand male pre-copulatory competition overlap. Finally, we highlight that a distinction between malereproductive interference in animals with and without a social hierarchy might obscure importantsimilarities and does not help to elucidate why different proximate mechanisms evolved. We there-fore emphasize that male reproductive suppression need not be restricted to social animals.

关键词： indirect sperm transfer, offensive strategies, male pre-copulatory competition, male reproductive suppression, repro-ductive strategies.

A case of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis associated with Crohn’s disease:dilemma in management

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第2期4卷 154-157,I0003页

作者： Younghoon Kwon Ryan J koene Yeilim Cho St.Joseph’s Hospital HealthEast Care SystemSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA Department of Medicine University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is known to increase the risk of venous *** venous sinus thrombosis(CVST)is a rare but important complication of *** diagnosis,particularly in younger patients,requires a high level of suspicion in order to prevent potentially devastating complications such as hemorrhage or venous *** paper presents a 44-year-old Caucasian woman with a previous history of Crohn’s disease and deep venous *** resonance imaging confirmed the diagnosis of *** therapeutic anticoagulation with warfarin was difficult,due to presumed pharmacological interaction between warfarin and *** should have a high index of suspicion for CVST when a patient with Crohn’s disease presents with acute headache,and be aware of challenges related to medical management.

关键词： cerebral venous sinus thrombosis Crohn’s disease anticoagulation mercaptopurine warfarin

THE MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF TRADITIONAL ADOBE MASONRY COMPONENTS: AN EXPERIMENTAL-ANALYTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SOIL BRICKS AND MUD MORTAR

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Journal of Green Building 2018年第3期13卷 17-44页

作者： Tiziano Li Piani Dennis Krabbenborg Jaap Weerheijm Lambertus koene Lambertus J.Sluijs TU Delft Stevinweg 12628 CN DelftThe Netherlands TNO PO Box 452280 AA RijswijkThe Netherlands NLDA Faculty of Military Sciences1781 CA Den HelderThe Netherlands

Adobe is an ancient building technology made of sun dried bricks joined together by mud mortar. This paper deals with the physical and mechanical characterization of three different typologies of adobe bricks and one typology of mud mortar produced in Europe. They differed in terms of internal soil element proportions and amount of organic content. Physical tests consisted of granulometry, moisture content and density tests. The mechanical characterization consisted of uniaxial compressive tests and three point bending tests. Tests were performed according to modern material standards. The main mechanical properties both in tension and compression were determined at different curing conditions. The outcome provided in this study offers a general overview on the assessment of the mechanical performance of adobe in relation to the properties and interactions of its soil constituents. In fact, the comparison between components with the same soil mineralogical family and production process made it possible to assess both at a qualitative and quantitative level the effect of the physical properties of the mixture (such as fiber and clay percentages or moisture content) on the mechanical parameters of the resulting bricks and mortar. This paper proposes new predictive formulations of the most relevant material parameters in strength and deformation, such as compressive strength, deformation at peak stress and ultimate displacement for both adobe bricks and mortar. They quantify the influence that water content, clay percentage and fiber reinforcement produce on the mechanical performance of the tested adobe components. This was made possible by means of multivariate statistical analyses on the mechanical parameters derived from all the tested samples.

关键词： adobe masonry brick mortar standard characterization compression flexure strength deformation clay soil fiber moisture

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观注、聆听并慎重对待消费者

包装与设计 2006年第2期 4-17页

作者： Joan koene

过去五年来，创新一直是欧洲政治家、经济学家和商人们讨论的首要议题之一。创新被认为是经济健康成功发展的要素。致力于产品研发和结构包装设计的荷兰公司FLEX／the INNOVATIONLAB坚信创新是让你的生意获得“未来保证”的主要因素，... 详细信息

过去五年来，创新一直是欧洲政治家、经济学家和商人们讨论的首要议题之一。创新被认为是经济健康成功发展的要素。致力于产品研发和结构包装设计的荷兰公司FLEX／the INNOVATIONLAB坚信创新是让你的生意获得“未来保证”的主要因素，真正的创新必须建立在新的消费者研究洞察力上。在过去的16年里，FLEX在将新的消费者洞察力转化成能为客户带来经济效益的产品方案上取得了巨大成功。他们的设计获得多项国际大奖，并被多家博物馆作为永久收藏，如著名的纽约现代艺术博物馆。阿姆斯特丹的StedelijK博物馆和芝加哥现代艺术博物馆。现在，让我们一起来看看他们成功背后的故事。

关键词：消费者现代艺术博物馆经济学家包装设计阿姆斯特丹产品研发产品方案经济效益洞察力

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因纽特的极地生存智慧

人与自然 2013年第2期 54-63页

作者：子皿 Ton koene

因纽特人是极地的宠儿，他们习惯生活在这个恶劣的环境下，一代代延续着他们祖辈传授给他们的特有生存技艺。

关键词：极地因纽特生活方式北极圈

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在非洲,捕猎是门生意

三月风 2019年第1期 50-55页

作者：白帆唐·科内[荷兰](摄影) 不详

用野生动物制作标本在纳米比亚是合法生意,且极受猎人们的欢迎。在纳米比亚的温特和克,当地动物标本制作者洛·梅尔(Louw Mel)与他的45名专业技工从事野生动物标本剥制行业,梅尔在自己的办公室门口挂着一张价格表,上面列有35种最受顾客... 详细信息

用野生动物制作标本在纳米比亚是合法生意,且极受猎人们的欢迎。在纳米比亚的温特和克,当地动物标本制作者洛·梅尔(Louw Mel)与他的45名专业技工从事野生动物标本剥制行业,梅尔在自己的办公室门口挂着一张价格表,上面列有35种最受顾客欢迎的野生动物及相应的标本制作价格,例如大象标本需花费38000欧元(约30万人民币),长颈鹿标本8500欧元(约合7万人民币),豹子1800欧元(约合1.5万元人民币),犀牛14000欧元(约10万元人民币)、短吻鳄每米328欧元(约2600元人民币)等。

关键词：生意标本制作野生动物非洲捕猎纳米比亚人民币制作者