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Irrigated Agriculture Facing the Challenge of Climate Change: Adaptation Strategies for Farmers in the Irrigated Perimeters of Môle Saint-Nicolas, Haiti

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第3期13卷 477-498页

作者： Frantz Mial Jean-François Bissonnette marc-André Bourgault Meryem Qacami Department of Geography Laval University Quebec Canada

Môle Saint-Nicolas, like all other communes in the Republic of Haiti, faces increasing climate variability, impacting agricultural production and water resources. Consequently, there is a pressing need for adaptation to these climatic changes. This research aims to showcase the adaptation strategies deployed by farmers to cope with the increasing climate variability. Surveys were conducted through group and individual discussions with a randomly selected cohort of 150 farmers. Two types of analysis were performed: quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative data analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The findings reveal that farmers have perceived changes in rainfall patterns, temperature, wind, and their environment. These changes manifest as irregular rainfall, higher temperatures, prolonged drought periods, violent winds accompanied by rain, premature cessation of rains, and reduced flow from water sources. In response, the most common adaptation strategies adopted include selecting new cultivars, early-maturing varieties, crop rotation and diversification, canal dredging, new soil preparation methods, upstream water source protection, and micro-watershed management. The significance of this research lies in its contribution to enhancing farmers’ adaptive capacities by alerting stakeholders in the irrigated perimeters about the consequences of climate change, thereby incorporating the real needs of farmers in future projects.

关键词： Climate Change Perception Adaptation Agriculture Irrigated Perimeter

Special Column on Recent Advances in PCMs as Thermal Energy Storage in Energy Systems

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 395-395页

作者： Mohammad Hossein AHMADI Tingzhen MING marc A.ROSEN S.A.SHerIF Mohammad Mehdi RASHIDI Shahrood University of Technology Iran Wuhan University of Technology China University of Ontario Institute of Technology Canada University of Florida USA University of Electronic Science and Technology of China China

Thermal energy storage technology has the advantages of high energy storage density,small size,and high energy conversion *** is one of the key energy storage technologies and an important way to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality *** change materials (PCMs) offer this opportunity to store high amount of energy and release it in the form of latent heat when needed,and therefore have the advantage of being capable to alleviate the intrinsic intermittency of renewable power production,especially in wind and solar farms.

关键词： efficiency store latent

Structural Pattern Related to Gold Mineralization in the Essakane Area (Northern Burkina Faso, West African Craton)

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第9期14卷 855-879页

作者： marc Desire Valea Benjamin Sawadogo Kalidou Traoré Urbain Wenmenga Naba Seta Benjamin Allou Laboratoire Gosciences et Environnement (LaGE) Dpartement des Sciences de la Terre Universit Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Essakane Sarl IAMGOLD Corporation Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Godynamique et de Cartographie Universit des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako Bamako Mali

The finite deformation structures recorded in the Essakane area, located in the northeast corner of Burkina Faso, highlight three major compressive deformation phases, successively named D1, D2, and D3. The D1 event phase, trending NE-SW, is characterised by P1 folds and S1 axial plane schistosity. The D2 phase trending NW-SE is characterised by folds P2, schistosity (S2) and shear (C) planes. And the D3 phase trending NNE-SSW to N-S is characterised by P3 folds, crenulation microfolds and S3 spaced schistosity. It has also been noted that gold mineralizations are mainly hosted in quartz, carbonate, pyrite, and arsenopyrite veins. Structural interpretation indicates that these veins are organized into lenticular bodies that were formed during the first two deformation phases (D1 and D2). This suggests a strong structural control typical of orogenic gold concentrations.

关键词： Burkina Faso Essakane Shear Zone Deformation Phases Orogenic Gold

Early Quality Life Impairment in Alzheimer Disease’s Patients in Geriatric Department: About 214 Cases in Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital of Paris (France)

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2024年第1期14卷 30-42页

作者： Andia Abdoulkader Audrey Rouet Benedicte Dieudonné Jacque Boaddert Charlotte Tomeo Sandrine Greffard marc Verny Department of Geriatric of Pitie Salpetrière Hospital 47-83 Boulevard de l’H&ocircpital Paris France

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease causing an alteration of life quality in the terminal stage. The purpose was to report 14 years of experience about the early impact on the quality of life of patients with AD. Methodology: Descriptive retrospective study over 14 years in the geriatric department of Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, using the activity of daily living, Instrumental activity of daily living, neuropsychological inventory and Hoen Yahr scale evaluated at the time of diagnosis of AD according to the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer Disease’s and Related Disorders Association diagnostic criteria. Results: A total of 214 exploitable files had been listed. At the moment of diagnosis, the mean age was 82.1 years with extremes 68 to 95 with sex ratio 1.6 in women’s favor. The mean socio-cultural level was 4.9 with extremes about 0 to 7. There was poly pathology with a mean Cumulative Illness Rate Scale = 4.6 with extremes 0 to 16. the mean cognitive status was moderate = 22.5 with extremes 0 to 30. Quality life showed moderate impairment of IADL = 9.2 with extreme 3 to 11 compared to activity of daily living. The activity of daily living was more affected in 68 - 80-year-olds, while poly pathology impacted more on IADL in men. The cognitive impairment was more deficient in IADL when the MMSE test was low. The common disorders at the NPI were psychological, behavioral and psychotic. Conclusion: At the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease cognitive deficiencies were predominant and influenced on global Instrumental activity and psychological, behavioral disorders.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease IADL ADL NPI Paris France

Petrology and Structural Characterization of Post-Neoproterozoic Dolerites from the Kimberlite Fields in the Kéniéba Region (Western Mali)

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第6期14卷 655-670页

作者： Gbele Ouattara Baco Traore Ziandjêdé Hervé Siagné Aboubacar Denon Souleymane Sangare marc Ephrem Allialy Laboratoire des Sciences Gographiques du Gnie Civil et des Gosciences Institut National Polytechnique Flix HOUPHOUT-BOIGNY (INP-HB) Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire EUREKAGEO Sarl Consulting Mining Company Bamako Republic of Mali Unit de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences de la Terre et des Ressources Minires (UFR-STRM) University of Cocody Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Post-Neoproterozoic dolerites from the Kéniéba region (Western Mali) are often associated with kimberlites. The rarity of kimberlite outcrops led to the study of doleritic rocks, spatially associated with them. The petrographic and lithogeochemical study showed that the dolerites of the Kéniéba kimberlitic fields are of tholeiitic nature and of the E-MORB (Enriched-Mid Ocean Ridge Basalt) type. This reflects an enrichment over time, compared to the Birimian dolerites of the volcano-sedimentary greenstone belt of Toumodi, in central C?te d’Ivoire. Furthermore, these dolerites are enriched in SiO2, TiO2, Zr and poor in Fe2O3, MgO. These dolerites would have formed in a late to post-orogenic intracontinental context during the breakup of Gondwana. Structurally, Kéniéba dolerites are often associated with kimberlite pipes, fractures and large deep structures identified using aeromagnetic images. Taking into account the fact that kimberlites do not outcrop in the Kéniéba region, the geochemical study coupled with the interpretation of aeromagnetic data proved to be very useful for the search for pipes.

关键词： Dolerites Kimberlitic Fields Petrology Structures Kéniéba Mali

Well water contaminants and colorectal cancer in North Dakota

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第11期15卷 1454-1458页

作者： Amber D Lyon-Colbert marc D Basson Marilyn G Klug Gary G Schwartz Department of Population Health University of North DakotaGrand ForksND 58202United States College of Medicine Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOH 44272United States College of Medicine University HospitalsClevelandOH 44106United States Department of Population Health University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health SciencesGrand ForksND 58202United States

This study aims to identify common contaminants in well water linked to an increase in colorectal cancer(CRC)incidence rates in North Dakota(ND)***-specific incidence rates for CRC were obtained from the ND Statewide Cancer *** demographic,agricultural,and geophysical data were obtained from population-based *** between well water contaminants and CRC incidence were examined for 16 counties in ND with complete well water profiles between *** were analyzed by multiple linear *** in well water exhibited a significant positive association with CRC incidence(4.75,P=0.001),and barium exhibited a small,but significant negative association(-0.06907,P=0.01).Residents in counties in ND with prevalent well water usage contaminated with iron may be at higher risk for CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Iron Water quality Well water North Dakota

How Marie Sklodowska-Curie Doctoral Networks Can Support European Refractory Ecosystem in Context of The European Green Deal

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China's Refractories 2024年第2期33卷 1-9页

作者： marc HUGer Glyn DerRICK Mossaab MOUIYA Andrea SALerNO Kwasi Addo BOATENG Hrikeshava RANGANATHAN Amit Kumar GOPE Institute of Research for Ceramics(IRCer-UMR CNRS 7315) University of LimogesLimoges 87000France

The movement of the Iron&Steelmaking(I&S)industry towards Net-Zero emissions and digitalized processes through disruptive,breakthrough technologies will be achieved through the use of *** biggest challenge for the refractory industry is to continue to meet the performance expectations while,at the same time,moving to a more sustainable production *** complexity and urgency of these technological changes,highlighted by the European Green Deal,requires ambitious,international,interdisciplinary and intersectoral projects,bringing together institutes from across the global value chain,to carry out cutting edge *** European Union,through its flagship doctoral training program,MSCA,has,and continues to support research and development as well as the promotion of the refractory industry in *** introduction to two MSCA projects and some of the results achieved are highlighted within this article.

关键词： FIRE network Horizon 2020 Horizon Europe Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions Doctoral networks European Green Deal

Cooling High Power Dissipating Artificial Intelligence (AI) Chips Using Refrigerant

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Journal of Electronics Cooling and Thermal Control 2024年第2期13卷 35-49页

作者： Waheeb Mukatash Hussameddine Kabbani Jochem marc Massalt Matthew Moscoso Merari Mejia Robles Tyler Yang Charlie Nino Department of Mechanical Engineering San Jose State University San Jose USA

High power dissipating artificial intelligence (AI) chips require significant cooling to operate at maximum performance. Current trends regarding the integration of AI, as well as the power/cooling demands of high-performing server systems pose an immense thermal challenge for cooling. The use of refrigerants as a direct-to-chip cooling method is investigated as a potential cooling solution for cooling AI chips. Using a vapor compression refrigeration system (VCRS), the coolant temperature will be sub-ambient thereby increasing the total cooling capacity. Coupled with the implementation of a direct-to-chip boiler, using refrigerants to cool AI server systems can materialize as a potential solution for current AI server cooling demands. In this study, a comparison of 8 different refrigerants: R-134a, R-153a, R-717, R-508B, R-22, R-12, R-410a, and R-1234yf is analyzed for optimal performance. A control theoretical VCRS model is created to assess variable refrigerants under the same operational conditions. From this model, the coefficient of performance (COP), required mass flow rate of refrigerant, work required by the compressor, and overall heat transfer coefficient is determined for all 8 refrigerants. Lastly, a comprehensive analysis is provided to determine the most optimal refrigerants for cooling applications. R-717, commonly known as Ammonia, was found to have the highest COP value thus proving to be the optimal refrigerant for cooling AI chips and high-performing server applications.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence Thermal Control Server Systems Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle Server Cooling

Efficacy of nonsolvent flower pollen extracts in healthy women with urinary incontinence:A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,parallel study

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Current Urology 2024年第3期18卷 203-211页

作者： marc Moulin erin D.Lewis David C.Crowley Colleen E.May Malkanthi Evans KGK Science Inc. LondonOntarioCanada Graminex L.L.C.SaginawMIUSA

Background Urinary incontinence(UI)is a debilitating and common condition that adversely affects quality of *** and surgical approaches for managing UI symptoms may result in undesirable risks and *** randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,parallel study investigated the efficacy of 2 nonsolvent flower pollen extracts on UI in healthy *** and methods One-hundred and fourteen women aged 40–75 years who scored≥5 on the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form(ICIQ-SF)were randomized to receive either Graminex®RCT Fem™UI,Graminex®PollenBerry®,or placebo for 24 *** primary outcome was the change in the ICIQ-SF score between the trial and placebo groups after 24 weeks of *** secondary outcomes included changes in the frequency of nocturia(recorded in 3-day void diaries)and 24-hour leakage volume(assessed via pad weight)after 6,12,18,and 24 weeks of supplementation and changes in stress-induced urinary leakage volume(after completion of a provocative maneuver challenge)after 24 weeks of *** All the groups demonstrated improvement in ICIQ-SF scores at week 24(perry®group(−3.34±2.87)and placebo group(−2.61±3.52).The RCT Fem™UI group had corresponding improvements in 24-hour leakage volume(−17.68±39.84 g)and frequency of nocturia(−0.52±1.26)(p≤0.05).PollenBerry®supplementation significantly improved stress-induced urinary leakage volume(−7.12±15.64 g)at week *** study products demonstrated safe hematological and chemical *** RCT Fem™UI supplementation resulted in significant and clinically meaningful reductions in UI severity,with corresponding improvements in daily urinary leakage volume and frequency of ***®significantly improved stress-induced urinary leakage volume,suggesting that it may be eff

关键词： Urinary incontinence Pollen extract Healthy women Dietary supplement ICIQ-SF Urinary leakage