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Treatable causes of fever among children under five years in a seasonal malaria transmission area in Burkina Faso

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 583-592页

作者： Francois Kiemde marc christian tahita Palpouguini Lompo Toussaint Rouamba Athanase M.Some Halidou Tinto Petra F.Mens Henk D.F.H.Schallig Michael Boele van Hensbroek Institut de Recherche en Science de la Sante-Unite de Recherche Clinique de Nanoro NanoroBurkina Faso Academic Medical Centre Department of Medical MicrobiologyParasitology UnitAmsterdamThe Netherlands Global Child Health Group Academic Medical CentreUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Background:Fever remains a major public health *** Burkina Faso,more than half of febrile children are considered not to be infected by *** study prospectively assessed probable(treatable)causes of fever in Burkinabe ***:A prospective study was conducted among febrile children(≥37.5°C)under 5 years of age presenting at four health facilities and one referral hospital in rural Burkina *** each participant,blood was collected for malaria microscopy and culture,urine for dipstick testing and culturing if tested positive for leucocytes and nitrite,stool for rotavirus/adenovirus testing,culture and parasitology,and a nasopharyngeal swab for ***:In total 684 febrile children were included in the *** falciparum malaria was found in 49.7%(340/684)of the participants and non-malaria infections in 49.1%(336/684)of *** non-nalaria infections included gastro-intestinal infections(37.0%),common bacterial pathogens of nasopharynx(24.3%),bacterial bloodstream infections(6.0%)and urinary tract infections(1.8%).Nearly 45%(154/340)of the malaria infected children were co-infected with non-nalaria infections,but only 3.2%(11/340)of these co-infections could be considered as a possible alternative cause of *** contrast,in the malaria microscopy negative children 18.0%(62/344)of the infections could be the probable cause of the *** were not isolated from 23.7%(162/684)of the febrile ***:Malaria remains the most common pathogen found in febrile children in Burkina ***,a relative high number of febrile children had non-malaria *** correct diagnosis of these non-malaria fevers is a major concern,and there is an urgent need to develop more point-of-care diagnostic tests and capacities to identify and treat the causes of these fevers.

关键词： Fever Children Infectious diseases Malaria

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Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Lawsonia inermis Leaf Extracts from Burkina Faso

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 552-576页

作者： Ollo Youl Soumaïla Konaté Ernest N. Sombié Rainatou Boly Boukaré Kaboré Moumouni Koala Arouna Zoungrana Saybou Savadogo christian marc tahita Innocent Valea Halidou Tinto Adama Hilou Maminata Traoré-Coulibaly Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Chimie Applique (LABIOCA) Universit de Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Agence Nationale Pour la Scurit Sanitaire de lEnvironnement de lAlimentation du Travail et des Produits de Sant (ANSSEAT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Recherche-Dveloppement de Phytomdicaments et Mdicaments (L-RD/PM) Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant (IRSS-CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et de Physique Applique (LCOPA) cole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre (LASVT) cole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie Universit Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso Unit de Recherche Clinique de Nanoro Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant (IRSS-CNRST) Nanoro Burkina Faso

Lawsonia inermis is a hairless plant growing in various regions of North Africa, the Indian subcontinent, and the Middle East. It possesses many medicinal attributes, including curative properties against infectious dermatoses. This study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical profile of the crude ethanolic extract of the plant leaves and its fractions as well as their antimicrobial activities. The phytochemical profile was performed using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Additionally, the phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric and the aluminum trichloride methods. Antimicrobial activity was tested using disc diffusion and microdilution methods. The presence of flavonoids, tannins, sterols, and triterpenes was revealed. GC-MS detected twelve compounds main compounds consisting of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and phenolic and terpenoid compounds among twenty-seven components. HPLC also detected high contents of phenolic acids and flavonoids. The most abundant triterpene and sterols were ursolic acid (around 43.14 g/100g DW, 13.9 g/100g dry weight (DW), and 0.68 g/100g DW) in the crude ethanolic extract of leaves (FeLi), hexane fraction (FHLi) and dichloromethane fraction (FDLi), respectively and, β-sitosterol in FeLi (56.7 mg/100g DW), FHLi (10.55 g/100g DW), FDLi (106.1 mg/100g DW) and butanol fraction (FBLi) (357.4 mg/100g DW). Among the flavonoids, rutin = 3.24 g/100g and quercetin = 0.63 g/100g in the ethanolic extract, rutin = 15.73 g/100g in the dichloromethane fraction, and rutin = 0.23 g/100g) in the aqueous fraction;and among phenolic compounds, caffeic acid (37.65 g/100g DW) and vanillic acid (22.70 g/100g DW) were the most important in the ethyl acetate fraction (FAeLi). All organic fractions exhibited interesting antibacterial and antifungal activities against the tested s

关键词： Lawsonia inermis Phytochemical Profile HPLC GC-MS Analysis Antimicrobial Activity

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The ClasSi coefficient for the evaluation of ranking quality in the presence of class similarities

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2012年第5期6卷 568-580页

作者： Anca Maria IVANESCU marc WICHTERICH christian BEECKS Thomas SEIDL Data Management and Data Exploration Group RWTH Aachen University D-52056 Aachen Germany

Evaluation measures play an important role in the design of new approaches, and often quality is measured by assessing the relevance of the obtained result set. While many evaluation measures based on precision/recall are based on a binary relevance model, ranking correlation coefficients are better suited for multi-class problems. State-of-the-art rank- ing correlation coefficients like Kendall＇s T and Spearman＇s p do not allow the user to specify similarities between differ- ing object classes and thus treat the transposition of objects from similar classes the same way as that of objects from dissimilar classes. We propose ClasSi, a new ranking corre- lation coefficient which deals with class label rankings and employs a class distance function to model the similarities between the classes. We also introduce a graphical representation of ClasSi which describes how the correlation evolves throughout the ranking.

关键词： ranking quality measure class similarity,ClasSi

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Adaptive stray-light compensation in dynamic multi-projection mapping

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Computational Visual Media 2017年第3期3卷 263-271页

作者： christian Siegl Matteo Colaianni marc Stamminger Frank Bauer Computer Graphics Group University of Erlangen-NurembergCauerstrasse 1191058 ErlangenGermany

Projection-based mixed reality is an effective tool to create immersive visualizations on real-world objects. Its wide range of applications includes art installations, education, stage shows, and advertising. In this work, we enhance a multi-projector system for dynamic projection mapping by handling various physical stray-light effects: interreflection,projector black-level, and environmental light in real time for dynamic scenes. We show how all these effects can be efficiently simulated and accounted for at runtime, resulting in significantly improved projection mapping results. By adding a global optimization step,we can further increase the dynamic range of the projection.

关键词： mixed reality projection mapping multi projector real time interreflection environmental light

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Risk predictors of post-hepatectomy liver failure: unraveling complexities and navigating challenges in clinical application

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第3期13卷 500-504页

作者： marc-Anthony Chouillard christian Hobeika Département de Chirurgie Hépato-Bilio-Pancréatique et de Transplantation Hépatique Hôpital BeaujonAP-HPUniversitéParis-CitéClichyFrance UMR Inserm 1275 CAP Paris-Tech Hôpital LariboisièreUniversitéParis-CitéParisFrance

Studies related to the prediction of post-hepatectomy liver failure(PHLF)have seen a surge in recent literature.A PubMed search using the terms((“pred*”OR“nomogra*”OR“model*”)AND(“mortality”OR“liver failure”OR“PHLF”)AND(“hepatect*”OR“liver resect*”))revealed 29 relevant studies on PHLF prediction between January 2020 and November 2023,with 20 adhering to grade B/C International Study Group of Liver Surgery(ISGLS)definitions(Table 1).These studies are primarily enrolling patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).This underscores the growing interest in applying such predictive scores in routine clinical ***,the extent to which these predictive models can be effectively implemented in clinical settings remains unclear(21,22).Indeed,all studies are retrospective,and only a limited number underwent external *** is crucial to recognize that these scores predominantly emerge within surgical cohorts,where patients underwent prior meticulous selection,leading to tailored surgical strategies and the exclusion of specific candidates(21).

关键词： Liver failure modeling prediction hepatectomy

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An assessment of the taxonomy and chemotaxonomy of Ganoderma

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第2期71卷 1-15页

作者： christian Richter Kathrin Wittstein Paul M.Kirk marc Stadler Department Microbial Drugs Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbHInhoffenstraße 738124 BraunschweigGermany Mycology Section Royal Botanic GardensKewSurrey TW93DSUK State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The taxonomic and nomenclatural history of the genus Ganoderma and related basidiomycetes is reviewed and compared to recent studies on its molecular phylogeny.A basidiomycete belonging to the genus Ganoderma can often rather easily be recognised in the field from the macromorphological characters of the *** most important species and lineages can also be discriminated well by molecular ***,the application of incongruent species concepts and the frequent misapplication of European names by chemists and other non-taxonomists have created confusion in the scientific *** identity of the species reported in the course of mycochemical studies can often not be verified,since no voucher material was *** this review,an overview on the most important types of specific chemotaxonomic traits(i.e.,secondary metabolites of the basidiomes and mycelia)reported from the genus is *** certain triterpenoids such as ganoderic and lucidenic acids,steroids(***)and triterpenes(***)appear to have some chemotaxonomic value at the generic rank,their relevance for species discrimination remains to be *** propose that all important names in Ganoderma should be,as required,epitypified by fresh collections for which living cultures should be made available and that these should be examined by a combination of morphological,chemotaxonomic and molecular phylogenetic methods to attain a more stable taxonomy.

关键词： Polyporales Basidiomycota Chemosystematics Evolution

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Clinical characteristics and outcome of a cohort of 101 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2001年第2期7卷 208-215页

作者： christian Rabe Tillmann Pilz Christoph Klostermann marc Berna Hans H.Schild Tilman Sauerbruch Wolfgang H.Caselmann Department of Medicine I Department of RadiologyUniversity of BonnGermany

AIM: To conduct a cohort study of 101 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presenting to a tertiary care medical referral center in Germany between 1997 and 1999. METHODS AND RESULTS: Data were retrospectively analyzed by chart review. In 95 cases (72 males and 23 females) sufficient data were available for analysis. Twenty five (29%) of 85 patients were HBsAg or anti HBc positive, 21/85 (25%) were anti HCV positive, and 6/85 (7%) were positive for both HBV and HCV-markers. Age was significantly lower in HBV positive patients than in the other two groups. Thirty one (34%) of 90 patients had histories of alcohol abuse. In 79/94 (84%) patients, cirrhosis was diagnosed. Of these cirrhotic patients, 29/79 (37%) belonged to Child Pugh's group (CHILD) A, 32/79 (40%) to CHILD B, and 18/79 (23%) to CHILD C. AFP was elevated in 61/91 (67%) patients. A single tumor nodule was found in 38/94 (40%), more than one nodule in 31/94 (34%), and 25/94 (26%) had a diffusely infiltrating tumor, i.e. the tumor margins could not be seen on imaging procedures. Portal vein thrombosis was present in 19/94 (20%). Imaging data consistent with lymph node metastases were found in 10/92 (11%), while distant metastases were found in 8/93 (9%). According to Okuda 28/94 (30%) were grouped to stage I, 53/94 (56%) were grouped to stage II, and 13/94 (14%) were grouped to stage II. Survival data were available for 83 patients. The Kaplan-Meier estimate for median survival was 8 4 months. Factors influencing survival were the Okuda score, the presence of portal vein thrombosis, and the presence of ascites. The presence of non complicated liver cirrhosis by itself, distant metastases, or infection with hepatitis viruses did not influence survival. AFP positivity by itself did not influence survival, though patients with an AFP value greater than 100 microg/L did experience shortened survival. Treatment besides tamoxifen or supportive care was associated with prolonged survival. The influence of

关键词： Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Carcinoma, Hepatocellular Cohort Studies Female Germany Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Humans Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic Liver Neoplasms Male Middle Aged Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Survival Analysis

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Synthesis of(±)-phthalascidin 622

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第9期53卷 1888-1898页

作者： christian R.Razafindrabe SYLVAIN Aubry BENJAMIN Bourdon MARTA Andriantsiferana STEPHANE Pellet-Rostaing marc Lemaire Laboratoire de Chimie des Produits Naturels et Biotechnologie(LPNB) Université d'Antananarivo17 Cité Mahatazana-Ampandrianomby101 Antananarivo ICBMS Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et SupramoléculairesCNRSUMR5246Laboratoire de Catalyse et Synthèse Organique ICSM institut de Chimie Séparative de MarcouleCNRS/CEA/UM2/ENSCMUMR 5257Laboratoire de Tri Ionique par des Systèmes Moléculaires auto-assemblés

A synthesis of functionalized phenolic α-amino-alcohols(±)-8 and(±)-16 as synthetic precursors of the catechol tetrahydroisoquinoline structure of phthalascidin 650 was disclosed.(±)-8 was prepared in 5 steps from the commercially available *** from 3-methyl catechol 5,8 steps gave rise to the synthesis of phenolic α-amino-alcohol(±)-16 in 27% overall *** synthetic strategy involved the elaboration of fully functionalized aromatic aldehyde 13 and its transformation into a phenolic α-amino-alcohol(±)-16,through a Knoevenagel condensation,simultaneous reduction of nitroketene and ester functions,and hydrogenolysis of the benzyl protecting *** pentacycle(±)-4 was obtained after 4 additional *** Pictet-Spengler cyclisation between the phenolic α-amino-alcohol(±)-16 and the N-protected α-amino-aldehyde 4 allowed to obtain(1,3')-bis-tetrahydroisoquinoline 17 with N-methylated and N-Fmoc *** last step was a Swern oxidation allowing the expected intramolecular condensation.

关键词： phthalascidin ecteinascidin (1 3’)-bis-tetrahydroisoquinoline Pictet-Spengler Bishler-Napieralsky

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Transgenerational Inheritance and Resetting of Stress, Induced Loss of Epigenetic Gene Silencing in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2010年第3期3卷 594-602页

作者： Christina Lang-Mladek Olga Popova Kathrin Kiok marc Berlinger Branislava Rakic Werner Aufsatz Claudia Jonak Marie-Theres Hauser christian Luschnig Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology University of Applied Life Sciences and Natural Resources (BOKU) Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology Austrian Academy of Sciences Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3 1030 Vienna Austria

Plants, as sessile organisms, need to sense and adapt to heterogeneous environments and have developed sophisticated responses by changing their cellular physiology, gene regulation, and genome stability. Recent work dem- onstrated heritable stress effects on the control of genome stability in plants--a phenomenon that was suggested to be of epigenetic nature. Here, we show that temperature and UV-B stress cause immediate and heritable changes in the epi- genetic control of a silent reporter gene in Arabidopsis. This stress-mediated release of gene silencing correlated with pronounced alterations in histone occupancy and in histone H3 acetylation but did not involve adjustments in DNA meth- ylation. We observed transmission of stress effects on reporter gene silencing to non-stressed progeny, but this effect was restricted to areas consisting of a small number of cells and limited to a few non-stressed progeny generations. Further- more, stress-induced release of gene silencing was antagonized and reset during seed aging. The transient nature of this phenomenon highlights the ability of plants to restrict stress-induced relaxation of epigenetic control mechanisms, which likely contributes to safeguarding genome integrity.

关键词： Abiotic stress epigenome stability histone acetylation gene silencing.

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Separating arbitrary free-space beams with an integrated photonic processor

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第8期11卷 1811-1822页

作者： Maziyar Milanizadeh SeyedMohammad SeyedinNavadeh Francesco Zanetto Vittorio Grimaldi christian De Vita Charalambos Klitis marc Sorel Giorgio Ferrari David A.B.Miller Andrea Melloni Francesco Morichetti Department of Electronics Information and BioengineeringPolitecnico di Milanovia Ponzio 34/520133MilanoItaly School of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgowG128QQUK TeCIP Institute Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna56124PisaItaly Ginzton Laboratory Stanford UniversitySpilker BuildingStanfordCA94305USA

Free-space optics naturally offers multiple-channel communications and sensing exploitable in many applications. The different optical beams will, however, generally be overlapping at the receiver, and, especially with atmospheric turbulence or other scattering or aberrations, the arriving beam shapes may not even be known in advance. We show that such beams can be still separated in the optical domain, and simultaneously detected with negligible cross-talk, even if they share the same wavelength and polarization, and even with unknown arriving beam shapes. The kernel of the adaptive multibeam receiver presented in this work is a programmable integrated photonic processor that is coupled to free-space beams through a two-dimensional array of optical antennas. We demonstrate separation of beam pairs arriving from different directions, with overlapping spatial modes in the same direction, and even with mixing between the beams deliberately added in the path. With the circuit’s optical bandwidth of more than 40 nm, this approach offers an enabling technology for the evolution of FSO from single-beam to multibeam space-division multiplexed systems in a perturbed environment, which has been a game-changing transition in fiber-optic systems.

关键词： processor polarization scattering

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