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Arachidyl amido cholanoic acid improves liver glucose and lipid homeostasis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis via AMPK and mTOR regulation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第34期26卷 5101-5117页

作者： David Fernández-Ramos Fernando Lopitz-Otsoa Laura Delacruz-Villar Jon Bilbao martina Pagano Laura Mosca Maider Bizkarguenaga marina Serrano-Macia Mikel Azkargorta marta Iruarrizaga-Lejarreta Jesús Sot Darya Tsvirkun Sebastiaan martijn van Liempd Felix M Goni Cristina Alonso maría luz martínez-chantar Felix Elortza Liat Hayardeny Shelly C Lu JoséM Mato Precision Medicine and Metabolism Laboratory Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biociencias(CIC bioGUNE)Derio 48160BizkaiaSpain CIBERehd-Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de enfermedades hepáticas y digestivas Madrid 28029Spain Department of Precision Medicine University of Campania"Luigi Vanvitelli"Naples 80138Italy Liver Disease Laboratory Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biociencias(CIC bioGUNE)Derio 48160Spain Proteomics Platform Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biociencias(CIC bioGUNE)Derio 48160Spain OWL Metabolomics Derio 48160Spain Instituto Biofisika(UPV/EHU CSIC)Leioa 48940SpainDepartamento de Bioquímica y Biología MolecularUniversidad del País VascoLeioa 48940Spain Pre-clinical and Chemistry Manufacturing and ControlsGalmed PharmaceuticalsTel Aviv 6578317Israel Metabolomics Platform Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biociencias(CIC bioGUNE)Derio 48160Spain Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

BACKGROUND Arachidyl amido cholanoic acid(Aramchol)is a potent downregulator of hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1(SCD1)protein expression that reduces liver triglycerides and fibrosis in animal models of *** a phase IIb clinical trial in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),52 wk of treatment with Aramchol reduced blood levels of glycated hemoglobin A1c,an indicator of glycemic *** To assess lipid and glucose metabolism in mouse hepatocytes and in a NASH mouse model[induced with a 0.1%methionine and choline deficient diet(0.1MCD)]after treatment with *** Isolated primary mouse hepatocytes were incubated with 20μmol/L Aramchol or vehicle for 48 ***,analyses were performed including Western blot,proteomics by mass spectrometry,and fluxomic analysis with 13C-uniformly labeled *** the in vivo part of the study,male C57BL/6J mice were randomly fed a control or 0.1MCD for 4 wk and received 1 or 5 mg/kg/d Aramchol or vehicle by intragastric gavage for the last 2 *** metabolomics were assessed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-time of flight-MS for the determination of glucose metabolism-related *** Combination of proteomics and Western blot analyses showed increased AMPK activity while the activity of nutrient sensor mTORC1 was decreased by Aramchol in *** translated into changes in the content of their downstream targets including proteins involved in fatty acid(FA)synthesis and oxidation[PACCα/β(S79),SCD1,CPT1A/B,HADHA,and HADHB],oxidative phosphorylation(NDUFA9,NDUFB11,NDUFS1,NDUFV1,ETFDH,and UQCRC2),tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle(MDH2,SUCLA2,and SUCLG2),and ribosome(P-p70S6K[T389]and P-S6[S235/S236]).Flux experiments with 13Cuniformely labeled glucose showed that TCA cycle cataplerosis was reduced by Aramchol in hepatocytes,as indicated by the increase in the number of rounds that malate remained in the TCA ***,liver metabolomic analysis showed

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Steatohepatitis Methionine and choline deficient diet Tricarboxylic acid cycle Hemoglobin A1c Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1

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Interpolation of Ideal Measures by Abstract K and J Spaces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2007年第8期23卷 1357-1374页

作者： luz M.FERNNDEZ-CABRERA Antón martínez Sección Departamental de Matemática Aplicada Escuela de EstadísticaUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040 MadridSpain Departamento de Matemática Aplicada I E.T.S.Ingenieros IndustrialesUniversidad de Vigo36200

We work with the abstract K and J interpolation method generated by a sequence lattice Г. We investigate the deviation of an interpolated operator from a given operator ideal by establishing formulae for the ideal measure of the interpolated operator in terms of the ideal measures of restrictions of the operator. Formulae are given in terms of the norms of the shift operators on Г.

关键词： real interpolation ideal measures operator ideals shift operators

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Cost Optimisation for Minimizing the Visual Impact of Ornamental Stone Quarrying. A Case Study in Murcia Region

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2018年第2期6卷 74-88页

作者： José Molina-Ruiz maría José martínez-Sánchez Carmen Pérez-Sirvent mari luz García-Lorenzo maría luz Tudela-Serrano Department of Geography Faculty of Geography University of Murcia Campus de la Merced Murcia Spain Department of Agricultural Chemistry Geology and Pedology Faculty of Chemistry University of Murcia Campus de Espinardo Murcia Spain Department of Mineralogy and Petrology Faculty of Geology University Complutense of Madrid Madrid Spain

Quarrying of ornamental stone has adverse effects that are both visual and environmental. This paper aims to develop a methodology for minimising the costs associated with reducing the visual impact of ornamental stone quarrying. This study uses digital topographical maps of the study zone and a GPS and GIS application to calculate the extent of the area affected by quarrying activities for each altitude designated in the work plan and to calculate the extent of the potential visual impact. The results obtained applying the proposed methodology for the selected area suggested that the potential visual impact is minimal for an altitude of 520 metres, this being the optimal point for the observer. When altitude increases, the potential visual impact increases and the optimal point for the observer diminishes until the highest impact altitude (740 m) is readied. The optimal point that the exploitation should reach is that at which the values of the diagram generated by the (%) area of potential visual impact and area of exploitation (%) intersect. The methodology allows the optimal altitude to be determined for mining exploitations and helps assess the viability of a given exploitation from an environmental point of view.

关键词： Restoration Costs Ornamental Stone Visual Impact Limestone Quarrying

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Assessment of the Acoustic Impact of Wind Farm Projects: Methodology and Case

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2018年第1期6卷 99-110页

作者： Jose Molina-Ruiz mari luz García-Lorenzo maría José martínez-Sánchez Diego Gallego Department of Geography Faculty of Geography University of Murcia Murcia Spain Department of Mineralogy and Petrology Faculty of Geology University Complutense of Madrid Madrid Spain Department of Agricultural Chemistry Geology and Pedology Faculty of Chemistry University of Murcia Murcia Spain Diego Gallego Cambronero Departamento Ecologia Faculty of Sciences University of Alicante Alicante Spain

Wind energy is a clean renewable and its benefits are considered greater than the disadvantages. However, even though wind farms represent environmentally friendly projects, they frequently generate public resistance. Wind turbines are socially controversial because of their visual and acoustic impacts. The aim of this work was to design a methodology for the preliminary evaluation of potential acoustic impact of wind farms. Three steps have been proposed: identification, characterization and assessment of the acoustic impact during the construction, operation and decommissioning phase. Obtained results in the studied area suggested that at a maximum power, at 500 meters of wind turbines, noise level is lower than the reference level established in the legislation. In summary, proposed methodology could help to determine and to evaluate the best location for new wind farm projects. Proposed methodology could help to determine and to evaluate the best location for new wind farm projects. Moreover, this method could be used as a consulting tool for public organizations and private institutions, being quick, concise and clear. Obtained results for the studied wind farm project suggested that almost all the area showed noise levels lower than established background noise level.

关键词： Wind Turbine Environmental Impact Assessment Acoustic Impact Wind Farm

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Methodology for the Evaluation of Reproductive Management in Pig Farms

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2018年第6期8卷 388-397页

作者： Susana Espinosa Hernández martínez Gamba Roberto luz Valeria martínez Carrillo Department of Medicine and Animal Husbandry of Pigs Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ScienceNational Autonomous University of MexicoMexico City 04510Mexico

To identify areas of opportunity in the reproductive management of pig farms,a questionnaire was developed consisting of 36 reagents,18 directed to the male management area and 18 to the *** a second stage,the questionnaire was validated by applying it to 15 cooperating *** corroborate the information of the questionnaire,the inspection of the reproductive management was carried *** reagent was assigned values of 0:does not exert a negative effect on the reproductive process,1:slight effect,2:intermediate effect and 3:negative *** average number of points per farm was 44.93;the area that obtained the worst percentage of points in the reproductive management was the boars with 54.93%.No correlation was found between the percentages of reagents classified as deficiencies with the number of females(p>0.05),a negative correlation was found with the fertility percentage(p0.05),but there was a negative correlation with the total number of piglets born(p0.05).There was also no effect of the region for general points in both male and the female areas(p>0.05).It is concluded that the instrument identifies weak points(WP)of reproductive management.

关键词： Management pigs reproduction small producers

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Ant Species Richness Variation Mediated by Seasonality in Two Ant-Acacias from Oaxaca, Mexico

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Open Journal of Ecology 2021年第1期11卷 24-31页

作者： Sandra luz Gómez-Acevedo Javier martínez-Toledo Unidad de Morfología y Función Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City México

Climatic conditions affect the richness of ants resulting in number variation throughout the year. The ants present in the Neotropical system Acacia-Pseudomyrmex have been previously studied considering only one sampling season. In contrast, in this study we analyze the richness in two ant-acacia systems during the rainy and dry seasons. The study was carried out on a plot located in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico where 14 ant species, 3 mutualistic and 11 non-mutualistic were found, of which 2 represent new records for the state. Ant species number differed between ant-acacia species and between seasons. The highest richness was recorded in Acacia hindsii in both rainy and dry seasons, corresponding with a low-reward host. During the dry season, A. hindsii represents a highly valuable resource. This study shows that the neotropical system is much more dynamic than it has been previously considered and offers a valuable opportunity for subsequent ecological studies for a better understanding of this complex system.

关键词： Dolichoderinae Formicinae Myrmicinae Pseudomyrmex

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Non-linear modeling of kinetic and equilibrium data for the adsorption of hexavalent chromium by carbon nanomaterials:Dimension and functionalization

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第4期27卷 912-919页

作者： Miguel de la luz-Asunción Eduardo E.Pérez-Ramírez Ana L.martínez-Hernández Victor M.Castano Víctor Sánchez-Mendieta Carlos Velasco-Santos Facultad de Quimica Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico Km. 12 de la carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco C.P. 50200 San Cayetano Toluca Estado de Mexico Mexico Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico-Instituto Tecnologico de Queretaro Division de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion Av. Tecnologico s/n esq. GraL Mariano Escobedo Col. Centro Historico C.P. 76000 Santiago de Queretaro Queretaro Mexico Centro de Fisica Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Boulevard Juriquilla 3001 Queretaro 76230 Mexico

The adsorption capacities for the removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions by six carbon nanomaterials have been evaluated. Single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as received and after oxidation treatment, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide are the materials with different dimension and functionalization compared in this research. Carbon nanotubes have been modified using hydrogen peroxide as oxidizing agent under microwave radiation. The oxidation treatment on carbon nanotubes has a positive effect increasing the adsorbent–adsorbate interaction. Rate-controlling mechanisms and equilibrium data are analyzed using non-linear models. Non-linear method is proposed as the most suitable method for determining the kinetic and equilibrium parameters. The values of adsorption energy(E) obtained from the Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm,have been found around 0.371 and 0.870 k J·mol-1, indicating physical adsorption. Therefore, the pseudo-second order model represents better the kinetic experimental data. The results show that the Langmuir isotherm provides a slightly better fit to the experimental data compared with the Freundlich isotherm, indicating homogeneous distribution of active sites on carbon nanomaterials and monolayer adsorption. The separation factors RLare found in the range of 0–1, suggesting that the adsorption process is suitable for all adsorbents. The mechanisms for hexavalent chromium removal have been proposed as electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes Graphene Adsorption Hexavalent chromium Kinetic

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Steroidal Plant Growth Promoters vs. Phytopathogens, via Enzymatic Regulation;An in <i>Silico</i>Approach

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2021年第4期9卷 55-71页

作者： Alan Carrasco-Carballo Emiliano marín-Merino Penélope Merino-Montiel Blanca Colin-Lozano Sandra luz Cabrera Hilerio Jazmin Ciciolil Hilario-martínez Jesús Sandoval-Ramírez Laboratorio de Elucidación y Síntesis en Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México Laboratorio de Síntesis y Modificación de Productos Naturales Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México Laboratorio de Bromatología Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México 4Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza UNAM CDMX México Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza UNAM CDMX México

Steroidal plant growth promoters (SPGP) have been continuously studied due to their high activity increasing biomass and resistance to diverse stress factors. In our hands, a new SPGP family of 22-oxocholestanic comp... 详细信息

margin-left:10.0pt;"> Steroidal plant growth promoters (SPGP) have been continuously studied due to their high activity increasing biomass and resistance to diverse stress factors. In our hands, a new SPGP family of 22-oxocholestanic compounds stands out at a comparative level to brassinosteroids (BSs). The potential activity of new SPGP against phytopathogens was studied through in silico molecular docking, these assays were performed with relevant ensymes of phytopatogens Chitinase B and 1,3-β-Glucanase. Nine Chitinase B inhibitors and two 1,3-β-Glucanase inhibitors were proposed. The launched study analyzed the interactional and spatial level, determining the presence of interactions with key amino acids in receptors in comparison to reference inhibitors. Even more, the AVR4 and ECP6 effectors were also examined. No compound that blocks ECP6 was found;due to, probably, the influence of its highly hydrophilic environment. In the case of AVR4, two SPGP showed a better docking score (DS) than a chitin fragment (endogenous ligand);this fact demonstrates the latent potential of the 22-oxocholestanic derivatives against phytopathogens, with a specific regulation via proliferation inhibition. Moreover, this SPGP does not affect the symbiotic fungi that are beneficial for the natural plant system.

关键词： 22-Oxocholestanes Brassinosteroids Chitinase B 1 3-β-Glucanase ARV4 ECP6

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Damaging Agents and Tree’s Health Condition in an Urban Forest

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Open Journal of Forestry 2021年第3期11卷 238-253页

作者： luz de Lourdes Saavedra-Romero Tomás martínez-Trinidad Dionicio Alvarado-Rosales Patricia Hernández-de la Rosa Jaime Villa-Castillo Postgrado en Fitosanidad-Fitopatología Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Montecillo Texcoco Estado de México Postgrado en Ciencias Forestales Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Montecillo Texcoco Estado de México Consultor Independiente Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Montecillo Texcoco Estado de México

Urban trees are subjected to different damaging agents throughout their lifetime. The aims of this study were to identify tree damaging agents, and to obtain a Damage Severity Index (DSI) in order to categorize tree health condition at San Juan de Aragon Park. Each tree was identified at species level in 28 randomly established plots in ten sections of the study area. Up to two types of damage were recorded per tree, based on the FIA (Forest Inventory an Analysis Program) protocol, and a DSI was obtained for each damaged tree considering location of damage, nature of the damaging agent and severity. A total of 753 trees were assessed and 12 species and 27 damaging agents were identified. Cankers, galls, the pepper tree psyllid and the red gum lerp psyllid were the most frequent damaging agents. Australian pine, red gum, Mediterranean cypress, Mexican white cedar, and California pepper were the most affected species. The DSI ranged from 3 to 17 and the average was 7.9. Sections J and H and the species California pepper, Australian pine, and Mexican white cedar presented the highest DSI. The tree population had a moderate health condition, while the aforementioned sections and tree species showed the poorest.

关键词： Damaging Agents Urban Trees Bleeding Cankers Galls Health Categories Damage Severity Index

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Analysis of Rainfall Variables Trends and Potential Vegetation Responses in Sinaloa, México

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American Journal of Climate Change 2014年第3期3卷 338-352页

作者： César Enrique Romero Higareda luz Isela Peinado Guevara Samuel Campista León Jorge Guillermo Sánchez Zazueta Juana Cázares martínez Escuela de Biología Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa Culiacán México

Based on monthly data from 55 meteorological stations from the North Pacific Watershed, seven annual rainfall trends were estimated and analyzed using non-parametric tests. The estimated slopes were analyzed in a geographic context to determine a potential spatial arrangement. Finally a brief analysis of the potential vegetation response from the different physiographic regions and the implications in the productive analysis is discussed. The findings indicated divergent trends in all the proposed variables, in general increasing and drier trends were found. Latitude was the most relevant factor regarding trend behavior in geographic terms. The lack of awareness and apathy from the authorities in the region were found, plus the regional vulnerability may originate notorious and serious consequences if the proper measures are not taken into account.

关键词： Climate Change Rainfall Trends Vegetation Responses

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