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Study of Factors That Influence the Sustainability of Agricultural Development in the Bobonaro Municipality, Timor-Leste

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第2期13卷 105-116页

作者： Graciano Soares Gomes Carlito De Araújo Mali Code Vicente De Paulo Correia Oscar Da Silva Agostinho Da Cunha Moniz josé Adriano marçal Claudino Ninas Nabais Department of Animal Science National University of East Timor—UNTL Díli Timor-Leste Department of Agro Economic National University of East Timor—UNTL Díli Timor-Leste Department of Agronomy National University of East Timor—UNTL Díli Timor-Leste East Timor National Institute of Science and Technology—INCT-TL Díli Timor-Leste

The aim of the study is to assess the factors that influence the sustainability of agricultural development. The study was carried out in the municipality of Bobonaro for about four months, from July to October 2021. Slovin’s method was used to determine the sample size, with a desired percentage of 10% of the total population. Thus, 154 producers were interviewed as respondents and key persons in the area of agriculture. The variables interviewed are the main factors of agricultural productivity and the factors that affect sustainable agricultural development. The results of the descriptive statistical analysis of the data showed that about 94.87% of the respondents’ productive area is in operation, with an average of 1.84 ha per respondent and the abandoned area around 0.11 ha per respondent. The average value of rice production is 2.38 ton per ha and corn 1.07 ton per ha. About 87% of producers raised the main types of animals such as cattle, pigs, goats with an average density of 2 to 5 animals per establishment. About 61% of producers have access to the market at a normal price for agricultural products. The factors that hinder less successful agricultural development, such as: those of nature with the greatest impact are climate changes, which influence changes in cultivation sessions and in the characteristics of productive soils, availability of water for irrigation and animal feed. On the socioeconomic side, it includes the willingness or interest of young people who want to work as farmers, less investment and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. It is concluded that natural and socioeconomic impacts can reduce agricultural productivity, so that this will be a major challenge for the development of the agricultural sector in the future.

关键词： Land Productivity Sustentability Agricultural Production Factors

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Multi-criteria decision making methods to address rural land allocation problems:A systematic review

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第4期9卷 490-501页

作者： Sintayehu Legesse Gebre Dirk Cattrysse Esayas alemayehu jos Van Orshoven Department of Mechanical Engineering Center for Industrial ManagementTraffic&InfrastructureKU Leuven(University of Leuven)Celestijnenlaan 3003001LeuvenBelgium Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Division of ForestNature and LandscapeKU Leuven(University of Leuven)Celestijnenlaan 200E3001LeuvenBelgium Department of Natural Resource Management Jimma UniversityJimmaEthiopia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering JITJimma UniversityJimmaEthiopia

Land allocation has been an important issue in land use planning research *** allocation involves different multifunctional activities of maximizing environmental,economic and social ***-criteria decision making(MCDM)method is the most popular tool to optimize land allocation problems by considering decision variables,conflicting objectives,and ***,decision-makers face problems on how to optimize the land allocation while minimizing the conflicting trade-offs existing in the decision *** this review study,we aim at identifying and extracting information on MCDM methods to solve land allocation problems from English language articles published between 2000 and 2019 and indexed by four scientific literature databases(Web of Science,Science Direct,Scopus,Google scholar).To this end,we applied a systematic literature review approach,*** Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis procedure(Moher et al.,2009),with a structured database search expression.120 articles were selected of which,after careful screening of title,keywords and abstract,69 were retained for detailed *** review study report compiles comprehensive information by classifying the papers into application area,optimization objectives,criteria used,decision techniques,publication year and study *** summary,we found that in the last two decades,the use of the MCDM method has increased,particularly in Europe and ***(analytical hierarchal process)is frequently used for multi-attribute land allocation problems with reference to ecotourism and ecosystem ***(linear programming)and SA(simulating annealing)methods are predominantly used to optimize multi-objectives complex agricultural and forest land allocation problems respectively.

关键词： Database allocation Decision techniques PRISMA

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Glial cells in the center of future ischemic stroke treatments

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第12期17卷 2659-2660页

作者： IvóH.Hernández maria joséPérez-Álvarez Genomic Instability Group Spanish National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)MadridSpain Departamento de Biología(Fisiología Animal)Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autónoma de Madridand Instituto de Biología Molecular-CBMSOUAM/CSICMadridSpain

In the last century,increasing knowledge about glial cells has revealed their importance in brain physiology and disease and an exciting potential target for new therapeutic interventions(Hernández et al.,2021).Ischemic stroke is the most common of all types of *** the second leading cause of disability and mortality,ischemic stroke is a serious socio-economic burden *** it has been strongly associated with aging,during 2020 COVID-19 emerged as a new risk factor for ischemic stroke in younger patients(Cagnazzo et al.,2021).The only therapy or intervention currently available for humans is early reperfusion after the onset of the first ***,due to the high risk of brain hemorrhage,these treatments are suitable for only a small percentage of ***,reperfusion does not prevent post-injury neurodegeneration,hence the importance of finding new therapeutic alternatives to ameliorate ischemic damage and improve post-stroke quality of life.

关键词： mortality treatment younger

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Specific and cross-reactive immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens in mice immunized with proteoliposomes from Mycobacterium bovis BCG

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第3期7卷 188-192页

作者： Nadine alvarez DaymíSerpa Ramlah Kadir Yanely Tirado Reinier Borrero Sonsire Fernández Rubén Cabrera Yolanda Valdes Caridad Zayas Reinaldo Acevedo Luis Izquierdo maría Elena Sarmiento Mohd-Nor Norazmi joséLuis Pérez Armando Acosta Finlay Institute School of Health Sciences University Sains Malaysia Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine University Sains Malaysia

Objective: To characterize the immunogenicity and the induction of cross-reactive responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M. tuberculosis) of a proteoliposome(PL)from Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette–Guerin(BCG) with and without alum hydroxide(al) as adjuvant(PLBCG-al and PLBCG, respectively) in BalB/c ***: BalB/c mice were inoculated with phosphate buffer solution, BCG, PLBCG and PLBCG-al. The humoral immunogenicity was determined by ELISA [immunoglobulin G(Ig G), Ig G1 and Ig G2a] and the cellular immunogenicity was evaluated in vivo by delayed type hypersensitivity. The humoral cross-reactive response against M. tuberculosis was determined by Western ***: Sera from animals immunized with PLBCG-al and PLBCG showed significant increase in specific total Ig G and Ig G1 antibodies and the presence of cross-reactive antibodies against M. tuberculosis antigens, which were more intense with the use of alum as adjuvant. Mice immunized with PLBCG and PLBCG-al also showed a specific cellular response in ***: The cellular and humoral immunogenicity of PLBCG and the capacity to induce cross-reactive responses against M. tuberculosis is in agreement with the protective capacity previously demonstrated by this vaccine candidate and supports the continuation of its evaluation in further stages.

关键词： BCG Immunogenicity Mycobacterium tuberculosis Proteoliposomes

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Effect of rare-earth oxides on properties of silicon nitride obtained by normal sintering and sinter-HIP

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Journal of Rare Earths 2012年第11期30卷 1177-1183页

作者： Cecilia C.Guedes-Silva Flávio Machado de Souza Carvalho josé Carlos Bressiani Nuclear and Energy Research Institute-IPEN/CNEN Geoscience Institute-IGC/USP

This paper presented the microstructure, mechanical properties and oxidation behavior of silicon nitride obtained by both conventional sintering and sintering followed by hot isostatic pressing （HIP）. Silicon nitride with additives such as 5 wt.% al2O3 and 5 wt.% Ln203 （Ln= La, La concentrate, Gd or La＋Gd） were studied. The results revealed that Gd203 additions increased the formation of elongated grains of β-Si3N4, the fracture toughness and oxidation resistance. La2O3 additions led to higher densification and hardness values, while addition of La2O3 concentrate promoted the formation of materials with intermediate properties, compared to the other studied compositions. Hot isostatic pressing increased the hardness but decreased the fracture toughness of the material, mainly because it allowed residual pores to close and also reduced the average aspect ratio of β-Si3N4 grains.

关键词： rare earths silicon nitride properties normal sintering sinter-HIP

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Importance of Quercus *** diversity and biomass of vascular epiphytes in a managed pine-oak forest in Southern Mexico

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第3期9卷 366-377页

作者： Nayely martínez-Meléndez Neptalí Ramírez-marcial josé G. García-Franco Manuel Jesús Cach-Pérez Pablo martínez-Zurimendi Departamento de Conservacion de la Biodiversidad El Colegio de la Frontera Sur(ECOSUR)San Cristobal de Las Casas29290ChiapasMexico Red de Ecología Functional Instituto de EcologíaA.C.Xalapa91073VeracruzMexico Departamento de Agricultura Sociedad y AmbienteEl Colegio de la Frontera Sur(ECOSUR)Villahermosa86280TabascoMexico

Background:Forestry management modifies the diversity,structure,and functioning of intervened *** extraction reduces tree density and basal area,leading to changes in the communities of vascular *** objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity and biomass of vascular epiphytes in Quercus trees remaining in two pine-oak forest stands that have been subjected to two stages of the Silvicultural Development Method(release cutting,and thinning)in comparison with an unharvested old-secondary forest in southern *** each treatment,richness of epiphytes present on 60 oak trees was recorded and their dry biomass *** calculated the true diversity(Hill numbers)and beta diversity using the Jaccard coefficient of similarity,and generated rank abundance curves per taxonomic epiphyte group(bromeliads,orchids,ferns and others).For each treatment,the relationships between overall diversity and epiphyte biomass to the host trees basal area were analyzed using log linear ***:We recorded a total of 67 species of epiphytes species belonging to 10 families hosted by five species of *** greatest species richness(^(0)D)was recorded in the old-secondary *** common(^(1)D)and dominant(^(2)D)species were recorded in the release cutting than in the other *** diversity and biomass were both slightly related to host tree basal *** of epiphytes was similar(60%)among treatments,although orchids,bromeliads,and other families were more diverse in the old-secondary *** bromeliad species were shared across all treatments,although orchids presented the most exclusive species in the unharvested *** bromeliad Tillandsia seleriana provided the greatest contribution to biomass in all treatments,followed by the orchid Camaridium *** linear models indicated that epiphyte diversity was significantly related to treatment,and epiphyte biomass to basal area of host ***:alt

关键词： Bromeliads Chiapas Ferns Orchids Richness Sierra Madre Silvicultural development method(SDM)

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Preparation of Rod-like aluminum Doped Zinc Oxide Powders by Sol-gel Technique Using Metal Chlorides and Acetylacetone Precursors

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2018年第6期33卷 1293-1297页

作者： KESHTKAR Javad VARGAS GARCIA Jorge Roberto GalAVIZ PEREZ Jorge marTINEZ TRINIDAD josé Escuela Superior de Ingenieria Mecánica y Eléctrica Instituto Politécnico NacionalMéxico07738CDMXMéxico Escuela Superior de Ingenieria Quimica e Industrias Extractivas Instituto Politécnico NacionalMéxico07738CDMXMéxico Universidad Juárez Autònoma de Tabasco DivisiònAcadémica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de MéndezRibera AltaJalpa de MéndezTabasco86205México

al-doped ZnO(AZO) powders were prepared by using metal chloride precursors and the sol-gel technique. IR peaks observed at 1590 cm-1 and 1620 cm-1indicated the formation of metal chelate as a consequence of the addition of acetylacetone to the metal chloride solution. TG-DSC analysis of the AZO gels confirmed the formation of metal chelate as evidenced by the development of several weight loss peaks accompanied by the introduction of new endothermic peaks. The resulting AZO gels were annealed at 500, 600, and 800 ℃ to study the effect of annealing temperature. XRD and SEM results showed that crystallization of AZO gels takes place around 600 ℃. Hexagonal wurtzite structure was identified as the main phase for all the samples. In addition, small shift of the XRD(002) peak coupled with XPS results from the AZO powders confirmed the successful doping of the ZnO powders. Micron sized rod-like AZO powders were uniform in dimension and morphology and remained stable even at 800 ℃.

关键词： aluminum doped ZnO rod-like metal chloride sol gel acetylacetone

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Phosphorus fractions and sorption dynamics in the sediments of two Ca-SO4 water reservoirs in the central Argentine Andes

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2017年第3期32卷 442-451页

作者： josé Gabriel León Fernando Luis Pedrozo Pedro Félix Temporetti Instituto Argentino de Nivología Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA)CCT Mendoza Departamento General de Irrigación Gobierno de Mendoza Espaa y Barcala Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente (INIBIOMA) CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue

Phosphorus（P） fractionation and sorption behavior were studied in the sediments of two calcium-sulfate(Ca-SO4: Ca2+170 mg L-1; SO42-400 mg L-1) water reservoirs in the southern central Argentine Andes-El Carrizal Reservoir（ECR）,which stratifies in summer and El Nihuil Reservoir（ENR）,which is vertically mixed throughout the year. Sediment size classes reflected the lithology of both basins and the reservoirs relative location: ECR（downstream from a valley adjacent to a mountain environment） had higher clay proportions while the sand fraction was more important in ENR（just next to a mountain environment）.In both reservoirs, the chemical composition revealed low alteration and calcium enrichment. Total P content was relatively high(1.1-1.6 mg P kg-1dry weight) as expected from the contribution of marine formations. P fractionation was dominated by Ca-P（ECR, 69% and ENR, 63%） followed by organic-P（23%）in summer-anoxic ECR and by iron/aluminum（Fe/al）-P（27%） in oxic ENR. Batch experiments showed that sorption behavior in ECR had a typical Langmuir isotherm plot while in ENR that model fitted only at low dissolved P values(al-P content in anoxic（ECR） vs. oxic（ENR） sediments results from the P released from iron-bound phosphorus due to sulfate reduction-ferrous sulfide formation in an anoxic environment. This condition should enable ECR sediments to adsorb P into fresh oxidized iron,and ENR sediments to co-precipitate P with calcium due to Fe/al-P saturation, as observed in batch experiments. This paper constitutes the first description of phosphorus content and dynamics in reservoir sediments in arid central western Argentina, where water sulfate concentrations are naturally high due to basin lithology.

关键词： Reservoir Internal load Phosphorus binding Calcareous watershed Southern Central Andes

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The Influence of Meteorology and Atmospheric Transport Patterns on the Sulfate Levels in Raiwater in Orizaba Valley, Veracruz, Mexico

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第6期10卷 821-837页

作者： Rosa maría Cerón Bretón Jonathan Kahl Julia Griselda Cerón Bretón josé Angel Solís Canul Chemistry Faculty Autonomous University of Carmen Ciudad del Carmen Mexico Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee WI USA

This work assessed the relationship between synoptic circulation patterns, meteorological conditions and sulfate levels in rainwater in Orizaba Valley, Veracruz, Mexico during 2015. Samples were collected by using an automatic deposition sampler considering three climatic periods: Cold fronts or Nortes, Dry and Rainy seasons. Sulfate in rainwater was determined by turbidimetry (NMX-AA-SCFI-074-1981). A backward trajectory model (HYSPLIT) was used to characterize the potential source regions and transport pathways for air parcels arriving to Orizaba Valley;trajectories extended five days during 2015 were calculated. Mean concentrations of sulfate were 105.33, 37.5, and 52.5 μEq·l-1, for Cold Fronts, Dry and Rainy seasons, respectively. An evident dilution pattern was observed with lower concentration levels when rainfall increased. Mean values for sulfate concentration exceeded the background hemispheric value reported by Galloway et al. (1982) for remote sites (10 μEq·l-1), exceeding almost 10, 3.7 and 5.2 times, during the Nortes, Rainy and Dry seasons, respectively. From the obtained results, it was concluded that the high sulfate levels in the rainwater measured in Orizaba Valley had their origin in different upwind regional sources as a result of long-range transport during Rainy and Nortes seasons.

关键词： Atmospheric Transport Rainwater Sulfate

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Non-invasive methods for liver fi brosis prediction in hemochromatosis:One step beyond

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World Journal of Hepatology 2010年第7期2卷 251-255页

作者： Agustin Castiella Eva Zapata josé M alústiza Gastroenterology Service Mendaro Hospital Radiology Service Osatek Donostia

Advances in recent years in the understanding of, and the genetic diagnosis of hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) have changed the approach to iron overload he-reditary diseases. The ability to use a radiologic tool (MRI) that accurately provides liver iron concentration determination, and the presence of non-invasive sero-logic markers for fibrosis prediction (ser um ferritin, platelet count, transaminases, etc), have diminished the need for liver biopsy for diagnosis and prognosis of this disease. Consequently, the role of liv er biopsy in iron metabolism disorders is changing. Furthermore, the irruption of transient elastography to assess liver stiffness, and, more recently, the ability to determine liver f ibrosis by means of MRI elastography will change this role even more, with a potential drastic decline in hepatic biopsies in years to come. This review will provide a brief summary of the different non-invasive methods available nowadays for diagnosis and prognosis in HH, and point out potential new techniques that could come about in the next years for fibrosis prediction, thus avoiding the need for liver biopsy in a greater number of patients. It is possible that liver biopsy will remain useful for the diagnosis of associated diseases, where other non-invasive means are not po-ssible, or for those rare cases displaying discrepancies between radiological and biochemical markers.

关键词： Hemochromatosis Iron overload Liver fibrosis Non-invasive Magnetic resonance imaging Ultrasound elastography

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